半纤维素基水凝胶制备及应用研究进展

半纤维素基水凝胶是一种具有优异保水性、良好生物相容性和力学性能的三维网络状亲水聚合物,在软材料领域尤其是半纤维素基材料研究领域备受瞩目。本文综述了近年来半纤维素基水凝胶的研究进展,从化学交联和物理交联两个方面介绍了半纤维素基水凝胶的制备方法、形成机理和性能,比较了化学交联中光、酶、微波辐射和辉光放电电解等离子体等不同引发体系的差异,总结了半纤维素基水凝胶在药物控释、伤口敷料、高效吸附及3D打印等领域的最新应用和发展,并对半纤维素基水凝胶领域所面临的挑战进行了总结和展望,以期为新型半纤维素水凝胶的研究提供参考。     

两座90m高冷却塔控制爆破拆除

介绍了复杂环境下采用控制爆破拆除技术成功爆破拆除两座90m高冷却塔的工程实例。通过在倒塌方向塔身布置10m高卸荷槽和三角形定向窗组成的复合切口,并对预处理后冷却塔稳定性进行校核,确定合理的爆破参数和起爆网路,仅对24对人字柱实施爆破拆除,实现了冷却塔边倾倒边解体。同时采取开挖减振沟和铺设缓冲垫层等安全防护措施,使冷却塔倒塌触地振动得到有效控制,取得了理想的爆破效果,可为同类工程提供参考。     

复杂环境条件下高梯段深孔控制爆破

介绍了柳州市柳石路鸡山工地复杂环境条件下高梯段深孔控制爆破技术。根据工程要求及环境特点,采用3～4排深孔及15排深孔一次起爆的爆破方案;通过选取合理的爆破参数,采用孔内孔外微差网格式闭合起爆网路,严格控制爆破飞石及爆破振动,使爆破工程取得了成功。     

The interface crack problem for bonded piezoelectric and orthotropic layers under antiplane shear loading

The primary objective of this paper is to study the influence of the electroelastic interactions on the stress intensity factor in bonded layers of piezoelectric and orthotropic materials containing a crack along the interface under antiplane shear. Attention is given to a two-layer hybrid laminate formed by adding a layer of piezoelectric ceramic to a unidirectional graphite/epoxy composite or an aluminum layer. Electric displacement or electric field is prescribed on the surfaces of the piezoelectric layer. The problem is formulated in terms of a singular integral equation which is solved by using a relatively simple and efficient technique. A number of examples are given for various material combinations. The results show that the effect of the electroelastic interactions on the stress intensity factor and the energy release rate can be highly significant. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

环境温度和火灾强度对自然通风隧道火灾温度场的影响

为了掌握环境温度和火灾强度对自然通风城市隧道温度场的影响,运用火灾模拟软件FDS,对在不同环境温度和火灾强度下自然通风隧道火灾进行模拟,得到各种火灾工况下的模拟结果,并对各种工况下的温度场进行对比分析。     

生物细胞超短脉冲电场传感器

描述了生物细胞的电模型。细胞内生物电效应的实验观察包括细胞颗粒的破裂而又不能使细胞膜受到永久性伤害,细胞内游离钙值的突然升高和基因表现的增强。在较高场强时,亚微秒脉冲的作用是感应生物细胞凋亡（编程细胞死亡）和抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。细胞内电效应的应用包括增强基因向细胞核的释放,肿瘤医疗诊断和控制细胞功能（如生物细胞“冻结”,但不一定死亡）。     

三相无刷直流电机调速系统的仿真

给出基于Matlab/Simulink三相无刷直流电机调速系统实用仿真模型,为系统中电机本体优化设计及电子器件参数合理选择提供重要依据。     

Neuronal ApoE Regulates the Cell-to-Cell Transmission of α-Synuclein

The presence of protein inclusions, called Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neurites (LNs), in the brain is the main feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent evidence that the prion-like propagation of α-synuclein (α-syn), as a major component of LBs and LNs, plays an important role in the progression of PD has gained much attention, although the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated whether neuronal ApoE regulates the cell-to-cell transmission of α-syn and explored its molecular mechanism using in vitro and in vivo model systems. We demonstrate that neuronal ApoE deficiency attenuates both α-syn uptake and release by downregulating LRP-1 and LDLR expression and enhancing chaperone-mediated autophagy activity, respectively, thereby contributing to α-syn propagation. In addition, we observed that α-syn propagation was attenuated in ApoE knockout mice injected with pre-formed mouse α-syn fibrils. This study will help our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying α-syn propagation.     

Macro- and Nanoscale Effect of Ethanol on Bovine Serum Albumin Gelation and Naproxen Release

We report extended ethanol-induced gelation procedures of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 37 °C and investigate the release behavior of a spin-labeled naproxen derivative (SL-NPX) from these hydrogels. The macroscopic mechanical properties of these gels during formation were studied using rheology, while a nanoscopic, more molecular view was obtained by analyzing the secondary structure of the protein during gelation via infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. To evaluate the potential use of BSA hydrogels in controlled drug delivery, SL-NPX-BSA interaction was investigated in detail by continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR) spectroscopy, which provides information on the interaction of the small drug molecules and the hydrogel. In addition to CW EPR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), which provides insight into the size and nature of released components, was applied to characterize the combined influence of incubation time, ethanol, SL-drug, and BSA concentration on release behavior. It was found that the alteration of initial drug loading percentage, hydrogel incubation time as well as BSA and alcohol concentrations affect and thus tune the release rate of SL-NPX from BSA hydrogels. These results lead to the conclusion that BSA hydrogels as controlled release systems offer a remarkable fine-tuning capability for pharmaceutical applications due to the variety of gelation parameters.