要素流动、空间集聚与区域经济一体化——基于丽江、攀枝花的实证研究

人口要素流动强度与空间经济联系强度呈负相关关系,但这一结果并不能通过显著性检验,而实物资本流动强度、GDP与空间经济联系强度呈正相关关系,其结果通过了显著性检验。经过分析指出:对于经济发展水平差距较大的区域而言,可以实行分步走的推进战略来逐步推进区域经济一体化。经济密度的提高、经济距离的缩短以及经济分割的减少将有力地促进经济地理的变迁,推动区域经济一体化水平的不断提高。     

库仑摩擦对机械振动的影响

库仑摩擦力与运动的关系是非线性、非光滑的,从而使振动系统的动力学行为更加丰富。本文讨论库仑摩擦对单自由度系统自由振动及受迫振动的影响。将干摩擦阻尼系统与线性阻尼系统进行对比,借助MATLAB数值计算工具,分析两种系统在相空间中解的状态轨迹,得出干摩擦振动系统一些特有的动力学行为。     

并联机器人机构的创新与应用研究进展

简要介绍并联机器人的研发历史和现状,重点介绍了实用化进程较高的Stewart平台、Delta并联机器人和Tricept并联机床的应用,同时介绍了我国在并联机床研制方面的情况.评述了近年来在少自由度并联机器人机构的机型创新与应用方面的研究进展.认为具有各自应用背景的新型并联机器人机构成为并联机器人研究的热点.提出了并联机器人机构研究需要解决的问题.     

Exploring Particle Density Effects on Partial Mobility of Steelhead Spawning Gravels

Yellowbank Creek is a small stream in coastal central California being assessed for salmonid habitat limiting factors and restoration potential. Yellowbank flows through low‐density marine mudstone bedrock, which is the gravel source for the stream. To assess the potential effects of the low‐density substrate on spawning gravels, a tracer stone study comparing the incipient motion of low‐density mudstone particles and typical density granitic particles was used to populate a logistic regression particle entrainment model. A model comparison approach was used to test the strength of the model. Results demonstrate partial mobility of both mudstone and granitic particles under boundary shear conditions ranging from 6.9 to 42.2 N m^‐2. The modelling results quantify the strong negative correlation between particle entrainment and particle density. Mudstone gravel was three times more likely to be entrained than granitic gravel, within the context of the experimental conditions. The effect of density difference on partial mobility was greater in smaller grain size fractions. This work has implications for salmonid spawning success in atypical geologic settings and may assist in prioritization of restoration efforts. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thin‐film transistor mobility limits considerations

The mobility limiting scattering mechanisms for amorphous semiconductors and polar polycrystalline semiconductors are studied in the context of developing new high‐performance thin‐film transistor (TFT) channel layer materials for large‐area electronics. A physics‐based model for carrier transport in an amorphous semiconductor is developed to estimate the mobility limits of amorphous semiconductor TFTs. The model involves band tail state trapping of a diffusive mobility. Simulation reveals a strong dependence on the band tail density of states. This consideration makes it difficult to realize a high‐performance p‐type oxide TFT. A polar crystalline semiconductor may offer a higher mobility but is fundamentally limited by polar optical phonon scattering. Any crystalline TFT channel layer for practical large‐area applications will not be a single crystal but polycrystalline, and therefore, grain size and grain boundary‐dependent scattering will further degrade the transport properties.     

一种基于HIP的移动性管理机制

主机标识协议（Host Identity Protocol,HIP）是一种综合解决主机移动、多宿主及安全问题的有效方案,为了解决现有HIP机制在处理主机移动时存在切换延迟大、丢包率高等问题,提出了一种高效的基于HIP的移动性管理机制。该机制在基于HIP的层次化设计模型基础上,采用FMIPv6中的快速切换思想,引入了链路层触发机制、预先绑定更新机制和分组缓存转发机制。有效解决了移动主机在不同区域范围内的切换问题,降低了切换延迟和丢包率,改善了移动主机的切换性能,实现了透明、平滑、快速的网络切换。     

Geomorphic comparison of two Atlantic coastal rivers: Toward an understanding of physical controls on Atlantic salmon habitat

River channel substrate size and mobility are important to Atlantic salmon spawning and rearing success. We compare morphology and bed sediment between two North American Atlantic coastal streams (Narraguagus River, Maine, USA and Jacquet River, New Brunswick, Canada). The watersheds have similar drainage areas and mean annual precipitation, but differing relief structure, channel longitudinal profiles and numbers of returning salmon. The lower‐relief Narraguagus River is segmented into steeper (gradient >0.002) and flatter reaches (gradient <0.0005). Flat reaches, including mainstem lakes, act as sediment sinks, preventing the continuity of downstream sediment transport. Based on field measurements, the Narraguagus River has a larger high‐flow width to depth ratio than the Jacquet River, but this difference is principally the result of outliers from low‐gradient channel reaches. Measurements of substrate grain size reveal finer river‐bed sediments on the Narraguagus River, however, Shields parameter calculations indicate that bed sediment should be mobile during high flows in both streams. We use the Shields equation to predict grain size based on channel slope, width and drainage area measured from digital elevation models (DEM) and aerial photographs. Predictions of median grain size agree with field measurements within a factor of 2 for 62–70% of the survey stations. We suggest ways that model misfits may provide opportunities to prioritize reach‐based restoration efforts. Based on expected grain size, we estimate 62% spawning and 68% rearing habitat along the length of the Narraguagus River, and 28 and 95% respectively on the Jacquet. Overall, glacial history and relief structure appear to be the first‐order controls on substrate grain size and habitat quality in these two rivers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

车载自组织网络路由协议的仿真研究

本文简要介绍了车载自组织网络和移动自组织网络中两个典型的路由协议:表驱动路由协议DSDV和按需路由协议AODV;还介绍了一个实用的移动模型,使仿真实验更加接近现实。在Linux下使用网络仿真工具NS2对这两个典型协议进行仿真,并对仿真结果进行分析比较和性能评价,得出:AODV和DSDV协议都不太适用于车辆自组织网络,所以设计适合车辆网路的协议是急需解决的问题。     

移动无线传感网中的迭代蒙特卡罗定位算法研究

研究移动无线传感网中的节点定位问题,分析影响蒙特卡罗定位精度的两个因素:观测值和前一时刻的位置样本集,提出一种迭代蒙特卡罗定位算法。该算法中,信标节点的位置信息在每个时间段只被它的邻居节点转发一次,但是接收到该信息的其他节点会保存它们,并在下一时间段将它们与待发送/转发的信息融合成一个数据包进一步转发,增加待定位节点用于估算前几个时间段位置样本集的观测值。待定位节点再利用蒙特卡罗算法迭代计算前面时间段的位置样本集,并充分利用观测值滤除较差样本,从而提高当前时刻的定位精度。仿真实验表明改进算法提高了定位准确度。当信标节点密度较低时,更能体现改进算法的优越性。     

Diffusional mobility for fcc phase of Al–Mg–Zn system and its applications

Diffusional mobility for fcc phase of the Al–Mg and Al–Mg–Zn systems was critically assessed by using the DICTRA software (Diffusion Controlled Transformation). Good agreement was obtained from comprehensive comparisons between the calculated and experimental diffusion coefficients. The developed mobility database enables reasonable prediction of diffusion and solidification behaviours resulting from interdiffusion, such as concentration profile of diffusion couples and solidification curve of the Al–Mg alloys.