Simulating the Child's Acquisition of the Lexicon and Syntax—Experiences With Babel

This paper describes the theory and implementation ofBabel, a system which explores the hypothesis that much of the differences in the world's languages may be characterized by the inventory and properties of the lexical items and functional categories of those languages. The structure ofBabel assumes that functional categories are originally lacking in a child's syntax, and are acquired through a statistical induction process of lexical acquisition.Babel then uses information induced from the structure of the lexicon to create a model of syntax via a deductive, rule-based process. This model makes a number of predictions about the time course of language acquisition. These predictions are tested by runningBabel as a simulation of child language acquisition, using large samples of adult speech to children as input. The simulation results are shown to highly correlate to longitudinal studies of child language acquisition in English and Polish. Finally, the approach to handling noisy data withBabel is detailed.     

Analysis of oceanaut operating performance using an integrated Bayesian network aided by the fuzzy logic theory

Because the oceanaut plays a significant role in safety and capability during manned deep-diving scientific tasks, preventing oceanaut performance decline is of paramount importance. However, the factors responsible for oceanaut performance are almost entirely unexplored. To address the preceding issues, a quantitative method of fuzzy integrated Bayesian network (FIBN) was modeled within the limits of oceanaut operating procedures. To quantify the probabilities of the influencing factors, the probability of each node in the FIBN was calculated using integrated expert judgement, fuzzy logic theory, and Bayesian network. By considering a total of 28 factors related to oceanaut performance in the “Jiaolong” manned submersible, this study found that difficult sampling, long sampling times, cabin equipment failure, oceanaut physical decline, and declining decision-making ability are important factors that affect oceanaut performance. The FIBN proposed in our study fused the qualitative and quantitative methods and can be developed into a versatile tool for analysis of comprehensive systems that contain both static and dynamic factors.Relevance to industryThe results provide a powerful basis for the design of manned submersible and assignment of tasks to oceanauts, while the fuzzy integrated Bayesian network (FIBN) method proposed can be effectively applied to various quantitative assessment fields which direct researchers to deal with analysis problems of complex systems.     

一种新的位错运动理论及对材料动态力学行为的描述

通过对位错在晶格内运动的动力学过程的全面分析。本文提出了一种考虑到粘性阻尼效应和热激活的位错集体运动统一理论。其特点是可用一简单的方程对从低速到高速运动的大量位错的平均行为进行统一描述。对ＫＣｌ晶体的典型实验怕拟合发现理论描述与实验结果相当一致。     

Performance of floating cum tilted-wick type solar still with the effect of water flowing over the glass cover

A simple transient performance of floating cum tilted-wick type solar still has been presented by incorporating the effects of water flowing over a glass cover, heat capacity of tilted-wick water surface and floating-wick water surface. Explicit expressions for flowing water, glass, tilted-wick water surface and floating-wick water surface temperature and efficiency of the system have been derived. Numerical calculations have been carried out for a typical day in the month of March 2004. The relative standard deviations between the numerical and experimental results of different temperature components of the proposed still have been found. The results indicate that the relative standard deviations between theoretical and experimental results are less than 8% (glass cover), 2% (tiltedwick water surface), 1% (floating-wick water surface) and 2% (flowing water at the lower end of the glass cover) an average for the working hours of the day. Moreover, based on the numerical results, the following conclusions have been drawn: (i) glass cover temperature decreases significantly; (ii) the effect of water flowing over the glass cover has a fascinating effect on the production of distillate output during peak sunny hours; (iii) water flow rate of 1.5 m/s is optimum, and beyond it the efficiency decreases. Experimental investigations have been performed at Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India.     

A unified model for the structure of polymers in semidilute solution

A model is developed to analyse the concentration dependence of the range ξ_? of the monomer pair correlation function. In semidilute solution, three concentration regimes are found for semiflexible molecules and the crossover points between the various regimes are predicted in terms of the characteristic ratio of the chains in dilute solution and in terms of the Flory interaction parameter χ. A simple physical interpretation is given which explains the concentration dependence of ξ_? based on binary contacts initially and then ternary contacts at higher concentration. Temperature-concentration diagrams are developed for several common polymer-solvent systems.     

Security concepts for the dynamics of autonomous vehicle networks

The secure operation of autonomous vehicle networks in the presence of adversarial observation is examined, in the context of a canonical double-integrator-network (DIN) model. Specifically, we study the ability of a sentient adversary to estimate the full network’s state, from noisy local measurements of vehicle motions. Algebraic, spectral, and graphical characterizations are provided, which indicate the critical role of the inter-vehicle communication topology and control scheme in achieving security.     

应用WCA微扰理论推算非极性液体比热容的新方法

本文首次将统计热力学的Ｗｅｅｋｓ－Ｃｈａｎｄｌｅｒ－Ａｎｄｅｒｓｏｎ（简称ＷＣＡ）微扰理论应用于非极性液体定容比热容和定压比热容的推算，用一些液体的ｐ－ｖ－Ｔ实验数据拟合了理论中所用ＬＪ势能函数的势能参数，并提出一个通用关联式。本文方法具有通用性，在编制的计算程序中只需输入物质的临界温度、临界比容、偏心因子等就能算出相应的比热容，工程应用十分方便。     

Preferential adsorption coefficient of polymers

The recent formulation of the preferential adsorption coefficient, λ, which takes into account differences in molecular contact surface and in free volume, is tested by comparing theoretical with experimental values of λ from the literature. Seven different systems containing polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) are considered. Agreement between theory and experiment is reached by treating the contact surface of the polymer as a fitting parameters, s. The adjusted values of s are: (a) systematically higher than the ones calculated from chain geometry; (b) largest in systems containing specific interactions (methanol). The connection between this enhanced apparent contact surface of the polymer and the ternary interaction parameter of the classical theory of λ, is analysed.