An algorithm for automatic 2D finite element mesh generation with line constraints

In this study, an algorithm is designed specifically for automatic finite element (FE) mesh generation on the transverse structure of hulls reinforced by stiffeners. Stiffeners attached to the transverse structure are considered as line constraints in the geometry boundary. For the FE mesh generation used in this study, the line constraints are treated as boundaries and by that means the geometry domain attached to the line constraints is decomposed into sub-domains, constrained only by the closed boundaries. Then, the mesh can be generated directly on those sub-domains by the traditional approach. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and the quality of the generated mesh meets expectations.     

Comments on Simulations of Fatigue Crack Propagation by Blunting and Re-sharpening: The Mesh Sensitivity

A selection of results of extensive analysis of mesh sensitivity of largedeformation elastoplastic finite element (FE) simulations of a crack under cyclic loading is presented. Notorious mesh sensitivity, which commences at spontaneous shear localization, is evidenced. This is argued to be not a mere numerical artefact, but a consequence of the inherent bifurcating behaviour of the boundary value problem solutions, where different mesh layouts and element technologies could trigger a variety of deformation patterns near the crack tip.     

Fatigue life prediction of crankshaft repaired by twin arc spraying

This paper used Baumel Jr. and Seeger's approach estimating fatigue parameters of 48MnV with 3Cr13coatings. The fatigue life of the crankshaft of a six-cylinder engine, repaired by twin arc spraying 3cr13 deposits, is respectively calculated using different damage model such as S-N method, normal strain approaches, SWT-Bannantine approaches, shear strain approaches, and fatemi-Socie method based on dynamical simulation and FE analysis of crankshaft. The results indicate that the traditional calculation is conservative and that the life of crankshaft repaired by arc spraying is sufficient.     

Process Modeling for Precision Forming of Discrete Parts – State of the Technology and Critical Issues

This paper presents an overview on the application of FE simulation as a virtual manufacturing tool in designing manufacturing processes for precision parts. The processes discussed include forging, sheet metal forming and hydroforming. Determination of reliable input parameters to simulate a process is a key element in successful application of process simulation for process design in all the mentioned areas. These issues are discussed in detail. Practical examples of application of FE simulation are presented for improvement of the existing metal forming process and/or designing new metal forming process for manufacturing discrete precision parts in forging, sheet metal forming and hydroforming.     

二维接触问题的无网格伽辽金-有限元耦合方法

研究了二维接触问题的无网格伽辽金-有限元耦合方法。给出了接触问题的数学模型，对其中的线性规划法进行深入分析，并将它与无网格伽辽金-有限元耦合方法结合求解接触问题。通过编程对光滑表面圆柱体与刚性平面的弹性接触问题以及粗糙表面与刚性平面的弹性-理想塑性接触进行求解，在对无网格区域相关参数研究的基础上，指出了用无网格伽辽金-有限元方法求解接触问题时的合理参数范围。     

Numerical analysis of jacking operations for a self-elevated jack-up unit

Localized failure and collapse of a jack-up unit may take place during installation on site, especially under severe sea state conditions. To minimize the loss, structural behavior is predicted before construction. When the hull of a unit is elevated from sea water level, the structure system varies with time. This means that normal structural analysis is difficult to satisfy the relevant requirements. To capture the system status at different times, an innovative method is proposed and incorporated into Finite Element Analysis (FEA). With a full model of a jack-up unit having been built and with the techniques developed, behavior such as Rack phase difference (RPD), vertical reaction forces of the pinions and footing reactions, etc., under different loads and boundary conditions can be determined by FEA in the time domain. These valuable data would be helpful in re-designing the unit, and also provide guidance for site installation. To determine the general characteristics of a jack-up unit, casestudies on a practical design have been done, with some important findings concluded.     

电磁场有限元网格的自适应改进

介绍二维有限元自适应部分软件，包括网格Ｄｅｌａｕｎａｙ调整和自适应加密技术等。它适用于各种后验误差估计的有限元算法。文章还给出了电机电磁场问题应用实例。     

Perfectly matched layers for transient elastodynamics of unbounded domains

One approach to the numerical solution of a wave equation on an unbounded domain uses a bounded domain surrounded by an absorbing boundary or layer that absorbs waves propagating outward from the bounded domain. A perfectly matched layer (PML) is an unphysical absorbing layer model for linear wave equations that absorbs, almost perfectly, outgoing waves of all non‐tangential angles‐of‐incidence and of all non‐zero frequencies. In a recent work [Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 2003; 192: 1337–1375], the authors presented, inter alia, time‐harmonic governing equations of PMLs for anti‐plane and for plane‐strain motion of (visco‐) elastic media. This paper presents (a) corresponding time‐domain, displacement‐based governing equations of these PMLs and (b) displacement‐based finite element implementations of these equations, suitable for direct transient analysis. The finite element implementation of the anti‐plane PML is found to be symmetric, whereas that of the plane‐strain PML is not. Numerical results are presented for the anti‐plane motion of a semi‐infinite layer on a rigid base, and for the classical soil–structure interaction problems of a rigid strip‐footing on (i) a half‐plane, (ii) a layer on a half‐plane, and (iii) a layer on a rigid base. These results demonstrate the high accuracy achievable by PML models even with small bounded domains. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FEM for evaluation of weight functions for SIF, COD and higher-order coefficients with application to a typical wedge splitting specimen

In the evaluation of accurate weight functions for the coefficients of first few terms of the linear elastic crack tip fields and the crack opening displacement (COD) using the finite element method (FEM), singularities at the crack tip and the loading point need to be properly considered. The crack tip singularity can be well captured by a hybrid crack element (HCE), which directly predicts accurate coefficients of first few terms of the linear elastic crack tip fields. A penalty function technique is introduced to handle the point load. With the use of these methods numerical results of a typical wedge splitting (WS) specimen subjected to wedge forces at arbitrary locations on the crack faces are obtained. With the help of appropriate interpolation techniques, these results can be used as weight functions. The range of validity of the so-called Paris equation, which is widely used in the evaluation of the COD from the stress intensity factors (SIFs), is established.     

Behavior and mechanism of the stress buffer effect of the inside ceramic layer to the top ceramic layer in a double-ceramic-layer thermal barrier coating

The Double-Ceramic-Layer Thermal Barrier Coating (DCL-TBC) consists of a top ceramic layer (TC1), an inside ceramic layer (TC2), bond coat (BC) and alloy substrate. The top ceramic layer is made by new ceramic materials which has the lower thermal conductivity, such as LZ, LZ₇C₃, LMA etc. Although these materials have good high temperature performance and thermal insulation properties, their thermal expansion coefficients are very low which cause higher degree of mismatch with material properties of alloy substrate.