焊缝管液压成形技术及热影响区对成形的影响

结合研究成果讨论了焊缝材料性能对管材液压成形规律的影响,阐述了焊缝管液压成形的研究现状及发展趋势,以及亟待解决的关键问题.论述焊缝及热影响区材料性能的测定技术,包含焊缝及热影响区材料特性的有限元数值模拟模型的建立方法.结果表明:焊缝及热影响区的存在造成焊缝管的液压胀形特点及成形规律不同于无缝管.有缝管自由胀形后轮廓形状不对称;在距焊缝对称中心0°～15°之间的壁厚沿环向分布不均匀,在15～180°之间的壁厚基本上呈均匀分布,且壁厚值和与同种材料的无缝管在相同条件下胀形的壁厚值接近;焊缝材料比基体材料强度高,则极限胀形高度大.     

汽车覆盖件成形拉深筋的有限元模拟与优化

利用有限元法模拟某汽车高强钢横梁的成形过程,通过设置拉深筋作为材料流动控制手段。拉深筋的参数设置对成形结果影响很大,首先通过对简单形状零件拉深成形过程的模拟得出一些拉深筋参数对模拟结果的影响规律,然后对横梁拉深筋模型进行多次模拟和修改。通过比较采用等效拉深筋与真实拉深筋模型所得模拟结果,最终得出对于复杂冲压件,应该采用真实拉深筋模型进行模拟的建议。     

La掺杂PZST反铁电陶瓷电场诱导热释电现象

研究了Ｌａ掺杂ＰＺＳＴ反铁电陶瓷在不同偏置电场下的场诱热释电特性。在０～１２０°Ｃ温度范围内，热释电的峰值和峰位可以用电场的大小来控制，热释电系数达到１０－７Ｃ／ｃｍ２·Ｋ。     

DPU-30型机车底架裂纹和改进的分析研究

对大连机车车辆有限公司出口巴基斯坦的DPU-30型机车底架主梁出现的局部裂纹进行了大量的现场调查,同时对出现裂纹的原因和机理进行了理论分析,在此基础上对裂纹部位提出了改进方案以及在巴基斯坦铁路现场的修复措施。为了验证改进方案的有效性,对改进方案进行了有限元计算分析,并在巴基斯坦对修复后投入运用的机车底架的动应力进行了测试,所有这些研究均证明了改进方案的可靠性。     

弯曲弦杆的圆钢管节点静力性能研究

以上海旗忠网球中心钢屋盖工程为背景,探讨了弦杆轴线弯曲的圆管桁架焊接节点的静力性能。进行了空间TT、KT’T、KK和平面K等4种节点形式共9个试件的静力破坏试验。在相同节点形式的条件下,直接比较了弯曲弦杆节点与平直弦杆节点之间在整个受力过程中的性能。应用有限元法进一步分析了弯曲弦杆的曲率半径变化对节点承载力的影响。研究表明,在实际结构工程中广泛应用的弦杆曲率半径范围内,弦杆的弯曲对圆管节点性能没有显著的不利影响。计算弯曲弦杆的圆管节点设计强度时建议采用现有规范中适合平直弦杆的节点公式。     

某特种车辆主体结构有限元接触问题的一种分析方法

对某特种车辆主体结构进行刚度和强度特性的有限元分析,车体上部的旋转塔可以绕其座圈转动,和车体的约束关系比较特殊,属于传统的大型非线性接触问题,这将耗费大量的计算机时。为解决这一问题,尝试使用耦合自由度法代替传统大型接触问题的求解方法,以模拟车体和旋塔之间的滚珠特性及其约束关系,从而将车体和旋塔作为一个系统,较真实模拟此特种车辆的整车结构强度特性。此车辆受到的载荷工况包括旋塔分别受到火炮向前和向后不同角度的后坐冲击,以及路面障碍所产生的最大10g加速度的整车振动冲击。根据分析结果得出结论：结构静强度是满足要求的,为车体减轻质量设计提供了理论依据;该求解方法是有效的,同样可应用到其它类似大型结构的接触问题分析。     

Behavior and mechanism of the stress buffer effect of the inside ceramic layer to the top ceramic layer in a double-ceramic-layer thermal barrier coating

The Double-Ceramic-Layer Thermal Barrier Coating (DCL-TBC) consists of a top ceramic layer (TC1), an inside ceramic layer (TC2), bond coat (BC) and alloy substrate. The top ceramic layer is made by new ceramic materials which has the lower thermal conductivity, such as LZ, LZ₇C₃, LMA etc. Although these materials have good high temperature performance and thermal insulation properties, their thermal expansion coefficients are very low which cause higher degree of mismatch with material properties of alloy substrate.     

Numerical study of the solution heat treatment,forming, and in-die quenching (HFQ) process on AA5754

An FE model of the solution heat treatment, forming and in-die quenching (HFQ) process was developed. Good correlation with a deviation of less than 5% was achieved between the thickness distribution of the simulated and experimentally formed parts, verifying the model. Subsequently, the model was able to provide a more detailed understanding of the HFQ process, and was used to study the effects of forming temperature and speed on the thickness distribution of the HFQ formed part. It was found that a higher forming speed is beneficial for HFQ forming, as it led to less thinning and improved thickness homogeneity.     

Mechanism investigation of welding induced buckling using inherent deformation method

Due to the increasing use of thin plates in lightweight welded structure, welding induced buckling may occur in such thin plate welded structure. In this study, welding induced buckling of thin plate welded structure is investigated using the eigenvalue analysis and elastic Finite Element (FE) analysis based on inherent deformation theory, and the mechanism of welding induced buckling is clarified.Bead-on-plate welding is first examined. Measured out-of-plane welding distortion indicates that saddle type buckling is produced after cooling. Eigenvalue analysis shows the computed lowest buckling mode is the saddle type and the corresponding critical force is less than the applied tendon force evaluated by Thermal–Elastic–Plastic (TEP) Finite Element (FE) analysis beforehand. Using elastic Finite Element (FE) analysis in which all components of inherent deformation are used and also considering initial deflection, out-of-plane welding distortion is predicted with high accuracy compared with measurement. It is also concluded that tendon force (longitudinal inherent shrinkage) is the dominant reason of buckling and it determines the buckling mode, and initial deflection and inherent bending are considered to be disturbances which trigger buckling.Later, a thin plate stiffened welded structure with fillet welded joints is examined. Although welding did not induce buckling of plate fields in bending modes in the considered thin plate stiffened welded structure, the whole stiffened welded structure buckles in a twisting mode, while plate panels remain unbuckled. Eigenvalue analysis gives the twisting buckling mode as the lowest buckling mode. However, in stiffened welded structures, not only tendon force (longitudinal inherent shrinkage) but also transverse inherent shrinkage is responsible for buckling. The good agreement between computed and measured out-of-plane welding distortion shows that the elastic Finite Element (FE) analysis using inherent deformation theory is an advantage of the computational approach to predict welding distortion in large-scale and complex welded structure with enough computational accuracy.     

Experimental and numerical studies on failure modes of riveted joints under tensile load

Though engineers are not advised to utilize riveted joints in tension, rivets will inevitably bear tensile load in realities. Hence, it is interesting to investigate the failure modes of riveted joints when they are under tensile load. Following previous studies (Chen et al., 2011), in this work, the authors selected three sizes of riveted joints to conduct the riveting and tension processes experimentally and numerically. Three kinds of failure modes including pull through, shank breaking, and head breaking were observed. Simulations are able to give almost the same results as those from experiments. Furthermore, three formulas were proposed to calculate the maximum tensile strength of riveted joints. Though the values calculated from these three formulas are approximate, they have the same order of magnitude as real ones. Moreover, they could be utilized to estimate which kind of failure mode may take place when riveted joints were under tensile load.