基于块段模型的三维GIS混合数据结构模型研究*

为了有效地表示三维GIS空间实体,在地质块段模型的基础上,提出了基于八叉树和四面体格网的混合数据结构模型(block octree tetrahedron,BOT模型).采用BOT模型生成算法对块段模型进行重新分割,八叉树作整体描述,四面体格网作局部精确描述,并以不同的灰度值表示不同的单元块属性.同时,为节省存储空间,提出了线性BOT编码技术.实验结果表明,BOT模型充分发挥了八叉树和四面体格网的优点,可以在不增加存储空间的前提下实现对三维目标更高效、更精确的表达.     

我国养老保障制度改革面临的问题及对策探讨

在简要回顾我国社会养老保障制度改革历程的基础上,重点剖析了当前我国“混合型”养老保障制度在试运行过程中所存在的问题及其成因,进而有针对性的提出了完善我国“混合型”养老保障制度的建议。     

磁悬浮列车造型仿生设计研究

以仿生设计的理论为基础来指导磁悬浮列车造型设计,以期为列车车型概念提供灵感,提高列车造型品质,并满足车体气动性能的基本要求。首先,通过文献研究归纳了国内外以磁悬浮列车为主的轨道列车造型仿生的研究动向;其次,通过案例研究解析典型仿生设计系列车型案例,探究列车仿生对象的应用形式;再次,综合仿生设计与轨道列车设计的方法要素,构建磁悬浮列车仿生设计的一般程序,并基于车体线性趋势的仿生规律,以平鳍旗鱼为仿生对象,设计具有仿生特征的磁悬浮列车概念性设计造型方案;最后,通过初步的仿真模拟,得到该方案的空气阻力系数。通过将本方案与相关案例数据的对比,证明运用仿生设计可以满足磁悬浮列车造型对美学价值和气动性能的要求。     

数据机房送风孔板处空气流动的数值模拟

以数据中心机房某一孔板及其相邻机柜为研究对象,采用ANSYS有限元分析方法,对孔板和机柜建立3种不同的有限元模型:几何实体模型、缩小送风孔板风口面积的基础模型、将孔板视为多孔介质面并添加源项的优化模型。根据实测数据确定3种模型的边界条件,通过有限元仿真计算获得它们的压力、速度云图,将基础模型和优化模型分别与几何实体模型进行对比。结果表明,优化模型与几何实体模型的速度场和压力场的大小误差在5%以内,同时优化模型的计算时间相较于几何实体模型可以减少60%。     

Developing a talent training model related to chemical process safety based on interdisciplinary education in China

While chemical industrial development in China is growing rapidly, the corresponding safety training resources remain inadequate, which may often lead to increased risk of chemical accidents. These accidents are often associated with the negligence of safety management, poor safety hazard awareness, and lack of safety practice. In order to alleviate these prominent risk factors in chemical industries in China, our study develops a talent training model related to chemical process safety. First, we propose an approach for establishing the “talent training model” related to chemical process safety, consisting of three steps: analyzing the current status and existing problems of talent training related to chemical process safety, determining the theoretical basis and training objectives for developing interdisciplinary talents, and designing a new talent training model. Second, we establish a talent training model using the proposed method, which includes a comprehensive curriculum system, a diversified teaching pattern, and a quintuple evaluation method. Furtherly, we determine the expected outcomes of the talent training model. The research results provide an innovative chemical process safety training method that is applicable nationwide, also it works as a reference for other rapidly developing countries in the chemical process industry to improve safety within the chemical industry.     

Electrolytic cell engineering and device optimization for electrosynthesis of e-biofuels via co-valorisation of bio-feedstocks and captured CO2

Utilizing CO₂ in an electro-chemical process and synthesizing value-added chemicals are amongst the few viable and scalable pathways in carbon capture and utilization technologies.CO₂ electro-reduction is also counted as one of the main options entailing less fossil fuel consumption and as a future electrical energy storage strategy.The current study aims at developing a new electrochemical platform to produce low-carbon e-biofuel through multifunctional electrosynthesis and integrated co-valorisation of biomass feedstocks with captured CO₂.In this approach,CO₂ is reduced at the cathode to produce drop-in fuels(e.g.,methanol)while value-added chemicals(e.g.,selective oxidation of alcohols,aldehydes,carboxylic acids and amines/amides)are produced at the anode.In this work,a numerical model of a continuous-flow design considering various anodic and cathodic reactions was built to determine the most techno-economically feasible configurations from the aspects of energy efficiency,environment impact and economical values.The reactor design was then optimized via parametric analysis.     

储能型双馈风电场联合STATCOM的无功协调控制

针对传统双馈风电机组(DFIG)低电压穿越(LVRT)能力不足问题,提出了储能型双馈风电场联合STATCOM的无功协调控制。该控制是在网侧变流器（GSC）原有的模型上将超级电容经隔离型DC/DC变换器并联到风机直流侧,以此吸收故障期间直流侧产生的不平衡功率;在发生低电压故障时,根据超级电容投入情况,对两侧变流器和并联在风机出口母线上的STATCOM进行无功协调控制来支撑电网电压;同时超级电容储能装置采用电压电流双闭环控制,满足了系统稳定性和经济性的要求。仿真结果表明：该方法应用在风电并网系统中可以使DFIG的LVRT能力得到极大的提升。     

改进的永磁同步电机双矢量模型预测转矩控制

针对永磁同步电机（PMSM）传统模型预测转矩控制（MPTC）权重系数设置复杂、转矩和磁通脉动大的问题,提出了一种改进的PMSM双矢量MPTC方法。该方法扩展虚拟矢量以增加候选电压矢量,结合电压矢量作用于转矩和磁链的原则,减少选择候选矢量的计算量。同时,针对转矩无差拍和磁通无差拍,运用候选矢量的转矩占空比和磁通占空比构造了优化规则代替传统预测转矩控制中的代价函数,避免权重系数的整定问题。仿真结果表明,所提改进方法不仅提高稳态性能,而且能保持MPTC动态响应迅速的特点。     

基于模型预测的PMSM速度环PI自整定控制

与传统的矢量控制相比,有限集模型预测控制（FCS-MPC）通过算法直接得到驱动信号,省略了脉宽调制环节,且响应性能也比较优越。利用改进型FCS-MPC算法,构建只含有转速环的控制系统传递函数,针对负载变化和参数扰动的工况,分别利用传递函数的频率特性分析法和典型系统整定法设计基于速度环的PI自整定方案。经过仿真对比验证,发现在该控制方法下因负载转矩和参数变化引起转速变化的波动更小且恢复时间更短,证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

单向受拉状态下钢纤维混凝土的二次峰值强度

不同于普通混凝土在单向受拉实验中的仅有唯一峰值强度,在大量钢纤维混凝土拉伸实验的应力应变曲线中均出现了两次峰值强度现象。本文采用黏结滑移模型考虑纤维在混凝土开裂面上的桥接作用,确定了钢纤维轴向应力与裂缝宽度之间的关系。钢纤维混凝土开裂后,将基体的软化模量与纤维增强作用的切线模量之和,作为判断第二峰值的依据。该值始终为非负时,钢纤维混凝土的应力-应变曲线具有唯一峰值强度;否则,应力-应变曲线中将具有二次峰值强度,并提出了钢纤维混凝土峰值强度的三种可能情况。建立了有限元模型以模拟钢纤维混凝土的拉伸试验,进一步研究了钢纤维掺量、长径比对混凝土开裂后力学性能的影响。并提出了钢纤维混凝土的抗拉强度的计算公式,可以有效地预测钢纤维混凝土的抗拉强度。