高宽比效应对厚壁复合材料固化过程的影响:Ⅰ.数值模拟(英文)

纤维增强聚合物基复合材料(FRP)面临制造厚度为10mm以上的零件的技术挑战。这是因为零件体积与表面积比的增大以及纤维与树脂的较低的热导率,使得树脂固化过程中产生的大量的热量无法及时散去。随着零件的厚度增加,树脂温度会因为反应热的增加而超过其降解温度。因而,本文着眼于厚壁复合材料零件的高宽比效应对单组分树脂系统RTM6在制造商推荐的固化周期(MRCC)下的最大成型厚度及其固化模式的影响。RTM6是特别为航空业树脂传递塑模(RTM)工艺开发的树脂系统。首先通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和参数拟合确定RTM6的固化动力学参数,然后采用有限元法进行模拟分析零件最大成型厚度和固化前沿的扩展过程并与文献结果相比较。结果表明,高宽比对厚壁复合材料零件的最大成型厚度和固化前沿扩展模式均有显著影响。零件最大成型厚度与文献结果的吻合度误差范围为1～7%。相同零件厚度下,随着高宽比的增加,会产生胶凝顺序由外至内和由内至外两种截然相反的固化前沿扩展模式。通过用户自定义固化周期(UDCC),可以实现将固化前沿扩展模式由外至内优化为由内至外。综上所述,纤维增强厚壁复合材料零件设计制造过程中,零件的高宽比是一个必须考虑的重要因素。     

A Computational Approach to Investigate Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Mortar

The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of steel fiber-reinforced mortar was numerically examined in this study. A series of numerical analysis on twenty-seven types of specimens of different diameters, lengths, and volume fractions of fibers were conducted using the FE program HFSS to investigate the effect of the dimensions of steel fibers and the amount of fibers added to the mortar on the shielding effectiveness. S-parameters of some specimens were experimentally measured by the free space method and the experimentally measured S-parameters were compared with those computed in order to verify the present numerical analysis method. It was found that smaller diameters and larger volume fractions provided better shielding effectiveness. Fiber length did not strongly influence the shielding effectiveness. The number of fibers was found to strongly influence the shielding of electromagnetic waves, and the optimal number of fibers in the mortar was found.     

Tensile Behavior of FRP Anchors in Concrete

Strengthening of concrete structures using fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) systems has become a widely accepted technology in the construction industry over the past decade. Externally bonded FRP sheets are proven to be a feasible alternative to traditional methods for strengthening and stiffening deficient reinforced or prestressed concrete members. However, the delamination of FRP sheets from the concrete surface poses major concerns, as it usually leads to a brittle member failure. This paper reports on the development of FRP anchors to overcome delamination problems encountered in surface bonded FRP sheets. An experimental investigation was conducted on the performance of carbon FRP anchors that were embedded in normal- and high-strength concrete test specimens. A total of 81 anchors were tested under monotonic uniaxial loading. Test parameters included the length, diameter, and angle of inclination of the anchors and the compressive strength of the concrete. The experimental results indicate that FRP anchors can be designed to achieve high pullout capacities and hence can be used effectively to prevent or delay the delamination of externally bonded FRP sheets. The results also indicate that the diameter, length, and the angle of inclination of the anchors have a significant influence on the pullout capacity of FRP anchors.     

关于江苏电力通信发展的几点设想

简要分析了新世纪电信发展的特点,对此形势下江苏电力通信的发展提出了相关设想。     

Optimization of the resonant frequency servo loop technique in the resonator micro optic gyro

Proportional integrator (PI) is always adopted in the resonant frequency servo loop in a resonator micro optic gyro (RMOG).The oscillation phenomenon is observed when adjusting the loop gain surpassing...     

基于小波包特征提取及支持向量回归机的光纤布拉格光栅冲击定位系统

以光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)为传感网络,构建了复合材料冲击载荷实时在线监测系统,研究了基于小波包特征提取及支持向量回归机的光纤-碳纤维复合材料结构冲击定位方法.针对同一冲击点,分析不同传感信号,获得了冲击响应信号小波包能量谱,分析结果表明小波包能量谱中特定阶数对冲击敏感.改变冲击点位置研究小波包能量谱与冲击位置之间的关系,提出将第6阶小波包能量值作为冲击定位的特征向量.采用支持向量回归机建立样本数据的回归模型,预测冲击载荷位置,并对支持向量机的相关调整参数进行了优化.实验表明,支持向量机的网络测试误差为4.81％.研究结果可为碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)层状结构的冲击性能评估提供可行的实验方法.     

基于多模-单模-多模结构和光纤布拉格光栅同时测量温度和折射率

利用单模光纤(SMF)中的包层模与纤芯导模之间的干涉,提出了一种基于多模-单模-多模(MSM)结构与布拉格光栅(FBG)级联可同时测量温度和折射率的传感器.基于MSM结构的干涉谱和FBG的透射峰对温度和折射率具有不同响应灵敏度的特点,利用敏感矩阵实现了对温度和折射率的同时测量.实验测得MSM结构和FBG的温度灵敏度分别为0.055 2 nm/℃和0.015 8 nm/℃,MSM结构的折射率灵敏度为109.702 nm/RIU,而FBG对折射率变化不敏感.温度和折射率的测量精度分别为士0.32℃和士0.002 3.实验显示提出的MSM结构的温度灵敏度比单模-多模-单模(SMS)结构传感器提高了5倍,同时由于SMF中的包层模对外界环境的变化较敏感,该MSM结构也可应用于其他传感领域.     

光学元件表面的数字全息在线检测

针对光学元件表面质量在线检测的特点,设计了基于数字全息的三维再现检测系统.该系统采用离轴光路,避开了被测元件的光轴,在数字全息再现过程中应用倾斜相差补偿技术去除了由于离轴检测引入的倾斜相位畸变.在检测过程中,利用围绕光轴旋转被测元件的方法来改变入射照明光方向矢量和相应的观察方向,实现了多照明矢量合成孔径技术的应用,扩展了系统的检测距离,提高了系统分辨率.同时,多照明角度下检测数据的叠加,还有效地抑制了检测过程中出现的散斑噪声对结果准确度的影响.通过对分辨率板、高精度玻璃反射镜的检测实验,验证了该系统在光学元件表面检测中的作用.当记录距离为40 cm时,其分辨率能够达到10 μm,满足光学元件表面检测的需要.     

利用信号相关性抑制光纤陀螺强度噪声

提出了一种利用陀螺干涉信号和耦合器空闲端信号相关性估计光源强度噪声抑制效果的方法,并在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)中进行了实时估计.根据估计结果,判决是否进行强度噪声相减,以提高光纤陀螺强度噪声抑制方法的可靠性.理论分析表明,强度噪声抑制效果与信号相关性直接相关.利用该方法,对某高精度干涉型光纤陀螺进行了实验.结果表明,当陀螺干涉信号和耦合器空闲端信号互相关系数为0.91时,干涉信号噪声方差降低至17.16％,然而,当上述互相关系数为0.28时,噪声相减法反而使干涉信号噪声方差增大至143.18％,由此验证了理论分析结果.利用该方法可以在线检测陀螺干涉信号和耦合器空闲端信号的相关性,进而避免噪声相减法中当陀螺干涉信号和耦合器空闲端信号相关性较差时,光纤陀螺噪声不降反升的情况,提高了强度噪声相减法的可靠性.     

基于FBG的波长可调谐环形掺铒光纤激光器

在介绍光纤光栅波长调谐原理的基础上,设计了一种环形腔掺铒光纤激光器。利用光纤光栅(FBG)作为波长调谐元件,在20~170 ℃的温度范围内,实现了输出激光波长在1 547.7~1 556.5 nm内的连续可调,调谐线性度达99.96%,激光光谱的3 dB带宽均小于0.05 nm,20 dB带宽均小于0.08 nm,边模抑制比大于52 dB,输出功率可达21.2 mW。结果表明:可调谐掺铒光纤激光器具有可用带宽较宽、功率高、线宽窄、与光纤元件天然兼容等优点。