Early Changes in Exo- and Endocytosis in the EAE Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis Correlate with Decreased Synaptic Ribbon Size and Reduced Ribbon-Associated Vesicle Pools in Rod Photoreceptor Synapses

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that finally leads to demyelination. Demyelinating optic neuritis is a frequent symptom in MS. Recent studies also revealed synapse dysfunctions in MS patients and MS mouse models. We previously reported alterations of photoreceptor ribbon synapses in the experimental auto-immune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. In the present study, we found that the previously observed decreased imunosignals of photoreceptor ribbons in early EAE resulted from a decrease in synaptic ribbon size, whereas the number/density of ribbons in photoreceptor synapses remained unchanged. Smaller photoreceptor ribbons are associated with fewer docked and ribbon-associated vesicles. At a functional level, depolarization-evoked exocytosis as monitored by optical recording was diminished even as early as on day 7 after EAE induction. Moreover compensatory, post-depolarization endocytosis was decreased. Decreased post-depolarization endocytosis in early EAE correlated with diminished synaptic enrichment of dynamin3. In contrast, basal endocytosis in photoreceptor synapses of resting non-depolarized retinal slices was increased in early EAE. Increased basal endocytosis correlated with increased de-phosphorylation of dynamin1. Thus, multiple endocytic pathways in photoreceptor synapse are differentially affected in early EAE and likely contribute to the observed synapse pathology in early EAE.     

改性酚醛基混杂纤维复合摩阻材料的研制

采用硼改性酚醛树脂,用羧基丁腈橡胶粉做为增韧剂,使用碳纤维、钢纤维和矿物纤维为增强组分,制备适宜于重载、高速行驶条件下车辆的摩阻材料。热失重分析表明改性树脂在４００℃以下性质稳定。采用混杂纤维／改性酚醛研制的摩阻材料机械性能符合国标要求,其摩阻性能在使用温度范围内也十分平稳     

Analysis of machining of FRPs using FEM

An initial attempt has been made to develop a mathematical model for machining of FRPs. The anisotropic theory of plasticity has been utilized. The analysis is carried out for four different FRP materials and for four different fibre orientation angles. A total Lagrangian formulation-based transient elasto-plastic finite element analysis has been adopted.     

光纤电流传感器研究新进展

介绍了全光纤电流传感器自１９９４ 年以来在光纤处理技术、新光路设计、新材料光纤、新结构光纤及对系统性能的专项研究方面取得的新进展。     

把光纤网络集合到网络管理中：下一代光缆监视系统

本文介绍操作者如何有效地使用集合的信息管理方法,大大提高对光纤网络的管理、维护与服务。下一代的光管理系统把光纤监测（ＲＦＴＳ）与记录数据库,以及现有的或未来的ＯＳＳ集合在一起。     

Formation Technologies of Fiber Bragg Gratings

The principle of fiber Bragg gratings(FBG)is briefly described.The formation technologies of FBG are systematically given and analyzed.In addition,the experiment is described in detail,e.g.,the phase mask method is used to write directly the period Bragg gratings into the Ge-doped single mode fiber with KrF excimer UV laser.The results of experiment are also presented and analyzed.     

高强度电磁脉冲对光纤的影响及防护措施

光缆在高强度电磁脉冲的作用下,会引起光纤传输特性的变化,导致模间色散的增加和信号的失真。主要论述了光缆在高强度电磁脉冲影响下的非线性效应,并提出了有效的防护措施。     

光纤陀螺的最新进展

光纤陀螺从提出至今仅２０余年,但其从原理到实现到改进的发展过程却发生了很大变化。文中简述了光纤陀螺广泛的应用背景及基本原理,对光纤陀螺实用化进程中的几点重大突破进行了总结,并详细介绍了国外光纤陀螺的研究和生产的最新发展情况,也提及了我国光纤陀螺的研制概况。在对各国光纤陀螺公司产品的性能指标及其应用范围的分析基础上,指出了当前光纤陀螺发展的高精度和低成本两个方向,并介绍了几种主要的方案。     

可靠性增长测定试验探讨

提出了可靠性增长测定试验的概念。探讨如何开展可靠性增长测定试验,使产品的可靠性得到确实的增长,响声生量值,当产品的可靠性达到了技术条件规定的要求时,可以免去可靠性鉴定试验。     

SDH光纤通信技术及其在某航天工程中的组网应用

在探讨了ＳＤＨ基本网元类型、基本拓扑类型、自愈环结构、ＤＸＣ选路的自愈环、同步的影响和考虑原则等与组网技术有关的十一个方面的基本问题的基础上,介绍了ＳＤＨ光纤通信组网技术在某航天本地通信网工程中的实际应用,给出了应用ＳＤＨ技术组网的一些研究结果