抽油机节能降耗技术应用实践

针对江汉矿区抽油机的平衡率非常低,传统式的铁芯变压器存在空载时损失降耗较高,轻烃生产过程中产生的废气量较大,生产运行中线损明显且能源消耗很大等问题,江汉采油厂主要采取了改变相位角,提高平衡率;引进新型机,改装老式机;利用富余气,节能降耗;调配电装备,更新变压器;提高功因数,增加载荷量等抽油机节能降耗技术。但还应调整改进老旧耗能设备;加大抽油机智能节电控制系统的研究应用;加大内控管理力度,加快科技降耗节奏,加强节能综合治理。     

MCRC硫磺回收装置设备技术介绍

对我国引进的第一套 MCRC(Mineral and Chemical Resource Co.)硫磺回收及尾气处理装置中设备的布置、结构形式和选材等方面作了较详细的介绍,并对某些结构提出了改进意见。     

Medium strength self-compacting concrete containing fly ash: Modelling using factorial experimental plans

Fresh self-compacting concrete (SCC) flows into place and around obstructions under its own weight to fill the formwork completely and self-compact, without any segregation and blocking. The elimination of the need for compaction leads to better quality concrete and substantial improvement of working conditions. SCC mixes generally have a much higher content of fine fillers, including cement, and produce excessively high compressive strength concrete, which narrows its field of application to special concrete only. To obtain maximum benefit from SCC, it has to be adopted in general concrete construction practice. Such practice requires inexpensive and medium strength concrete.This investigation aims to develop medium strength SCC (MS-SCC). The cost of materials will be decreased by reducing the cement content and by using pulverised fuel ash (PFA) with a minimum amount of superplasticizer (SP). A factorial design was carried out to mathematically model the influence of five key parameters on filling and passing abilities, segregation and compressive strength, which are important for the successful development of medium strength self-compacting concrete incorporating PFA. The parameters considered in the study were the contents of cement and PFA, water-to-powder (cement+PFA) ratio (W/P) and dosage of SP. The responses of the derived statistical models are slump flow, fluidity loss, Orimet time, V-funnel time, L-box, JRing combined to the Orimet, JRing combined to cone, rheological parameters, segregation and compressive strength at 7, 28 and 90 days. Twenty-one mixes were prepared to derive the statistical models, and five were used for the verification and the accuracy of the developed models. The models are valid for mixes made with 0.38 to 0.72 W/P, 60 to 216 kg/m³ of cement content, 183 to 317 kg/m³ of PFA and 0% to 1% of SP, by mass of powder. The influences of W/P, cement and PFA contents, and the dosage of SP were characterised and analysed using polynomial regression, which can identify the primary factors and their interactions on the measured properties. The results show tha MS-SCC can be achieved with a 28-day compressive strength of 30 to 35 MPa by using up to 210 kg/m³ of PFA.     

Comparison of chars in slag and fly ash as formed in pf boilers from B?dzin Power Station (Poland)

The amount of unburned organic matter in solid residues from coal combustion process is one of the indicators of the process and may influence their usage as by products. During the examination of slag and fly ash from B?dzin Power Station (Poland) the following forms of unburned coal were distinguished: crassispheres, tenuispheres, isotropic and anisotropic networks, tenuinetworks, honeycombs, inertinite and detritus. Slag characterises higher crassispheres and networks contents while high detritus contents are typical of fly ash. Spheres content in both slag and fly ash is always lower than vitrinite content in the feed coal. Fusinite content in the feed coal is lower than inertinite content in the solid residues. Other inertinite macerals probably participated in the formation of honeycombs.     

The kinetics of producing sulfate-based complex coagulant from fly ash

This paper studies the kinetics of reactions between iron and aluminum oxides in fly ash and sulfuric acid for the production of a complex sulfate-based coagulant. The important part of this research was to monitor the change in the concentration of product during the reaction. The ratio of concentration of ferric sulfate to aluminum sulfate during reaction, and the linearity of plots of a derived concentration of function versus time at different temperatures show that reactions of both iron and aluminum oxides in fly ash with sulfuric acid are second-order with respect to sulfuric acid concentration. Furthermore, the ratio of the concentration of the ferric sulfate to that of aluminum sulfate and the slopes of the derived concentration function versus time were used to obtain the rate constants of reactions. Finally, based on the rate constants obtained at different temperatures, the empirical Arrhenius expressions of iron and aluminum extracting reactions were derived.     

用粉煤灰制取硅铝铁合金的新工艺

本文介绍了以粉煤灰为原料，在１００ＫＶＡ矿热炉上用电热法直接制取硅铝铁复合脱氧剂的工艺，为粉煤灰综合利用开辟了一条新途径。     

Effect of fine aggregate replacement with Class F fly ash on the abrasion resistance of concrete

This paper presents the abrasion resistance of concrete proportioned to have four levels of fine aggregate replacement (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) with Class F fly ash. A control mixture with ordinary Portland cement was designed to have 28 days compressive strength of 26 MPa. Specimens were subjected to abrasion testing in accordance with Indian Standard Specifications (IS: 1237). Tests were also performed for fresh concrete properties and compressive strength. Tests on compressive strength and abrasion were performed up to 365 days.Test results indicated that abrasion resistance and compressive strength of concrete mixtures increased with the increase in percentage of fine aggregate replacement with fly ash. Abrasion resistance of concrete was improved approximately by 40% over control mixture with 40% replacement of fine aggregate with fly ash, and concrete with fine aggregate replacement could be suitably used.     

Setting and hardening of borogypsum-Portland cement clinker-fly ash blends. Studies on effects of molasses on properties of mortar containing borogypsum

The present work describes a study of setting and hardening of blends of borogypsum, fly ash, and Portland cement clinker (PC). The possibility of using borogypsum instead of natural gypsum in fly ash-cement matrix has been investigated through several tests. In addition, the effects of molasses on the setting times of cement and strength of the mortar were also studied. The setting times of the cement were retarded when the natural gypsum was replaced by borogypsum. Molasses exhibited a rather significant retarding effect when used in combination with borogypsum in cement. The inclusion of molasses to the system at a level of 0.1% resulted in a reduction in early strength of the mortar. However, it significantly enhanced the strength of the mortar after 7 days of curing age. In general, the cement prepared with borogypsum was found to have similar strength properties to those obtained with natural gypsum, and inclusion of molasses into the system significantly increased the strength of the sample after 7 days of curing age.     

Alkali activation of fly ashes. Part 1: Effect of curing conditions on the carbonation of the reaction products

This paper deals with the alkaline activation of fly ashes for the production of a novel cementitious material and with the effect of curing conditions on the nature of the reaction products. Curing procedures favouring carbonation process negatively affects the development of mechanical strength of this new alkaline cement. Carbonation of the system involves its pH modification and consequently the modification of the nature of the reaction products and the kinetics of reactions.     

基于深度学习的视频行为识别技术综述

行为识别（action recognition,AR）是计算机视觉领域的研究热点,在安防监控、自动驾驶、生产安全等领域具有广泛的应用前景。首先,对行为识别的内涵与外延进行了剖析,提出了面临的技术挑战问题。其次,从时间特征提取、高效率优化和长期特征捕获三个角度分析比较了行为识别的工作原理。对近十年43种基准AR方法在UCF101、HMDB51、Something-Something和Kinetics400数据集上的性能表征进行比对,有助于针对不同应用场景选择适合的AR模型。最后指明了行为识别领域的未来发展方向,研究成果可为视频特征提取和视觉内容理解提供理论参考和技术支撑。