Inversion Methods of Optical Constants of Semitransparent Solid Materials from Transmittance Spectrograms

The direct calculation models of spectral transmittance of single and double slabs consisted of semitransparent solid materials were developed based on ray trace method, and a new inversion method of optical constants (k is extinction coefficient and n is refractive index) of materials was proposed based on transmittance spectrograms of double slabs. Differences between the new method and two others currently used methods were studied, and application range of methods was also investigated. Optical constants of selenide glass attained in references were selected as true values, and spectral transmittances of glass simulated based on direct calculation model were regarded as experimental values. Optical constants of selenide glass were achieved by inverse models. Influences of measurement error on inverse results were also determined. The results showed that: (1) based on transmittance spectrograms of double slabs in which thickness of single slab is the same, the new proposed method can attain optical constants of materials; (2) the effect of optical constants n and k on three inversion methods are urgent larger, but inversed calculation precision of optical constants are higher in most application ranges; (3) the influence of measurement errors existed in experimental datum on the inverse precision of three methods are urgent distinctness.     

蛇形管蓄能箱蓄热过程的数值模拟

对蛇形管换热及相变材料熔化的传热理论进行研究,利用Fluent软件对蓄能过程中蛇形管热交换及相变材料熔化过程进行数值模拟,得出了一套经济合理且能满足项目蓄能要求的设备,制作了实验用的设备并进行实验验证,得出建立的模型是比较合理的。研究表明：自然对流换热对相变材料的熔化过程影响较小。     

杆弹对金属材料含裂纹体侵彻过程研究

建立了杆弹侵彻金属弹靶的几何模型,通过对单元间裂纹扩展作出假定,对杆弹的初始条件进行了设定,运用基于Fortran语言的扩展有限元程序,对金属弹靶侵彻过程进行数值模拟,并将其结果与实验数据进行比较,证明了编写的程序与所建模型的精确性与可靠性。最后,对侵彻过程中弹靶的塑性变形、体积变形和裂纹扩展情况进行模拟分析。     

水泥基渗透结晶防水施工应用

随着建筑材料的发展和应用,＂水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料＂已逐渐成为地下混凝土结构防水工程的主要新型防水材料.该材料具有作用持久、粘结性强、防腐、耐老化、保护钢筋、施工简单、省工省时,以及综合成本低等优点.本文详细介绍了水泥基渗透结晶防水材料的施工工艺、施工方法、施工注意事项和施工优点,并展望了其适用前景.     

论高校财务内部控制制度——以西飞技术学院为例

为保证货币资金的安全,防范采购与付款过程中的差错和舞弊行为,提高高校经济效益,杜绝不合理收费,加强科室管理,从货币资金的管理与控制、材料采购及付款流程控制、经费开支的审批和使用控制、收费窗口的收入控制等方面阐述高校财务内部控制制度的作用、方法、流程、存在问题和改进措施。     

添加固体废弃物的硅藻土基多孔材料的制备

硅藻土作为主要基料,白云石为添加剂,加入其他固废物,制备了一种新型多孔材料。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜及强度、吸水率等测试手段对制品进行了分析,探讨了硅藻土、白云石不同固体废弃物对多孔材料形成和性能的影响。研究表明,在硅藻土、白云石、粉煤灰、熟污泥的质量分数分别为45%、35%、10%、10%时,经1 020℃烧成并保温30min形成的多孔材料的密度为1.36g/cm3,孔隙率45%,吸水率为25%,抗折强度达12.43MPa,通过物相分析其多孔材料的成分主要晶相为莫来石与钙长石及透辉石。     

Feasibility analysis of high excess pressure cockpit using material substitution based on strain energy

The design concept of high excess pressure cockpit has been proposed as a solution to solve the ergonomics problems caused by cockpit environment.To address the contradiction among mass,economy,maneuverability and environment ergonomics,considering the composite advantages of high strength and lightweight,the feasibility analysis concept of high excess pressure cockpit based on material substitution is proposed in the paper.Based on the strain energy analysis on finite element model,the iteration design method of equal stiffness and lightening effect analysis on material substitution are presented,The weight reduction effect after material substitution can be evaluated intuitively by using equal stiffness curve.The calculation result of cockpit indicates that the lightening effect can reach 35.09%.Because of the complexity of cockpit design,bi-level optimization method is proposed and performed by means of the First-Order Radio algorithm.The research shows that the method can achieve good result.The feasibility of high excess pressure cockpit is studied from the aspect of the relationship between excess pressure and mass,and the research demonstrates that,due to the utilization of T300/4211 in place of 6061 alloy,the excess pressure of cockpit increases from 35 to 45 kPa,a 28.57%increase,while the cockpit mass is decreased by 12.56%.Thus,the contradiction among mass,economy and environment ergonomics can be coordinated,which can provide a reference for the design of high excess pressure cockpit.     

基于微观力学分析的散粒体静力液化本构模型

针对散粒体的静力液化特性,在散粒体颗粒运动微观力学分析的基础上,在临界状态土力学框架内建立了一个简单的静力液化弹塑性本构模型.模型屈服函数和和硬化规律根据Chang提出的砂土微观力学模型,通过积分粒间接触力为宏观的应力不变量而建立,考虑了与材料状态相关的剪胀性和初始密度对散粒体应力-应变关系的影响,并采用非相关联的流动法则.模型参数简单且有较明确物理意义,可以通过室内三轴试验确定.模型的数值结果与Toyoura砂以及砂-粉混合土的三轴不排水剪切试验的应力-应变曲线和应力路径吻合较好.     

Mn2+掺杂对LiFePO4正极材料结构、性能及嵌锂动力学的影响

为了改善橄榄石型LiFePO4正极材料的性能,采用高温固相法合成了Mn掺杂的LiMnxFe1-xPO4(x=0,0.10,0.25,0.40,0.50)材料.采用X射线粉末衍射、扫描电子显微镜、充放电测试、循环伏安和电化学阻抗谱研究了材料的结构、电化学性能和锂离子嵌脱动力学.结果表明,锰掺杂的LiFePO4样品颗粒分布比较均匀,具有较小的平均粒径和窄的粒度分布,LiMnxFe1-xPO4是纯相的橄榄石结构.在不同倍率下,LiMn0.4Fe0.6PO4具有最高的放电容量和最好的动力学性能.Mn的掺杂提高了LiFePO4材料的可逆性、锂离子扩散系数和放电容量,减小了电荷转移电阻,进而提高了其动力学性能.     

Effects of surface-activated coal gangue aggregates on properties of cement-based materials

Effects of calcined coal gangue （CG） aggregates treated by the surface thermal activation on the flowability and strength, and paste-CG aggregate interfaces of the cement-based material were investigated. The experimental results show that the compressive and flexural strength of the cement-based material with the calcined CG aggregates is much higher than that of the material with the natural CG aggregates, but the flowability of the material with calcined CG is significantly reduced with the calcined time. The strength of the material with the calcined CG aggregates only increases little with the calcined time at the same w/c ratio, but is reduced with the calcined time at the same flowability. The CG aggregates calcined by the surface thermal activation obviously overcomes the disadvantages of fully calcined CG.