高温超导变压器关键技术

由于超导材料的无阻载流特性,其在超导电缆、超导限流器、超导变压器、超导储能、超导电机等超导电力装置中的应用引起人们极大兴趣。其中超导变压器具有体积小、重量轻、损耗低、无火灾隐患、无环境污染和低漏抗等特点。简要介绍了高温超导变压器基本结构,重点介绍了变压器研发过程中的关键技术问题,包括液氮和气氮低温绝缘特性、超导绕组损耗分析、电流引线设计、非金属低温容器设计等,为高温超导变压器的研发提供有用的参考。     

高温超导变压器研发进展综述

与传统常规变压器相比,超导变压器具有很多优势,如体积小、重量轻、损耗低、无污染火灾隐患等。近十几年来,随着高温超导线材取得重要的研究进展,国际上相继开展了高温超导变压器的研发,已有三台样机成功地完成了挂网试验。简要介绍了近年来国内外高温超导变压器（包括电力变压器和机车变压器）的研发情况以及近期几个基于第二代高温超导线材的高温超导变压器项目,并指出随着高温超导线材的技术发展,限流变压器的研究值得关注。     

Druggability Assessment for Selected Serine Proteases in a Pharmaceutical Industry Setting

Target druggability assessment is an integral part of the early target characterization and selection process in pharmaceutical industry. Here, we investigate a set of five different serine proteases from the blood coagulation cascade. The aim of this study is twofold. Firstly, leveraging the wealth of available in-house high-throughput screening (HTS) data, we analyze HTS hit rates and discuss their predictive value for the development of small molecule (SMOL) candidates. Purely structure-activity relationship (SAR) based druggability ratings are compared with computational protein-structure based druggability assessments. Secondly, we evaluate the impact of using conformational ensembles from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations instead of single static crystal structures as basis for computational druggability assessments. Based on this study, we recommend incorporating molecular dynamics routinely into the early target characterization process, especially if only a single X-ray structure is available.     

真空管道高温超导侧挂悬浮旋转运动系统改进

侧挂式磁悬浮回转系统拥有两根具有单磁场峰值的永磁轨道。在环形真空管道中,该系统的磁悬浮车可以在6 mm悬浮间隙下达到80 km/h的运行速度。在不大幅改变整体结构的条件下,探讨了一种增大系统运行速度的途径。通过将2个平行的永磁轨道合并成1个具有三磁场峰值的单轨,将显著增强系统的悬浮力,从而有望提高系统的运行速度。然而车体质量的增加将抵消悬浮力增加带来的效应。综合评估二者的影响,结果表明,相比较于具有单磁峰的双轨,具有三磁场峰值的单轨能让系统获得更高的运行速度。并且,对于三磁峰单轨系统,其最大运行速度随超导块数量的增加而增加。相比较于单峰磁轨而言,当超导块列数为17时,三峰磁轨系统的运行速度可以增大8.2%。     

Finite element analysis of the localised thermal quench of an HTS tape

In this work, we perform a finite element method (FEM) analysis of the localised thermal quench of a high temperature superconducting (HTS) tape. One 3D thermo-electric coupling FEM model, which is constructed to address the actual development of the localised thermal quench occurred in the HTS tape, has been proposed. One quench experiment is performed to validate this model. It is shown that the mode can quantitatively reflect the dynamic and static quench characteristics when comparing the results of the experiment with the model. The FEM model generates an estimate of the location of the highest temperature and visualisation of the quench dynamics.     

Numerical calculation of primary slot leakage inductance of a Single-sided HTS linear induction motor used for linear metro

In the paper, the numerical method calculating asymmetric primary slot leakage inductances of Single-sided High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) Linear Induction Motor (HTS LIM) is presented. The mathematical and geometric models of three-dimensional nonlinear transient electromagnetic field are established and the boundary conditions are also given. The established model is solved by time-stepping Finite Element Method (FEM). Then, the three-phase asymmetric primary slot leakage inductances under different operation conditions are calculated by using the obtained electromagnetic field distribution. The influences of the special effects such as longitudinal end effects, transversal edge effects, etc. on the primary slot leakage inductance are investigated. The presented numerical method is validated by experiments carried out on a 3.5 kW prototype with copper wires which has the same structures with the HTS LIM.     

Summary of the First Generation High Temperature Superconducting Wire： Processing, Characterization and Applications

Silver-clad （Bi,Pb）2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10＋x long wires produced by powder-in-tube techniques, which have been recognized as the first generation of the High Temperature Superconducting （HTS） wires, are expected to apply widely especially in strong current applications. In this work, the processing, characterization and application of the silver-clad （Bi,Pb）2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ol0＋x HTS wires are summarized. The HTS wires are fabricated using the combination of powder-in-tube technique, and the resulting wires are fully characterized by the means of chemical analyses, microstructural observation, electrical and magnetic measurements. The relationship among fabrication parameters, chemical and microstructural characteristics, and electrical and magnetic properties are analyzed. Applications of the HTS wires have also been introduced according to their strong current behaviors with various prototype devices made.     

TE013 Mode High Temperature Superconductor Millimeter Resonator

This paper describes a TE₀₁₃ mode dielectric resonator at 36.098 GHz. The dielectric resonator was formed by sandwiching a cylindrical piece of polished dielectric (sapphire) rod between two GdBa₂Cu₃O_7–x (GBCO) High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) thin films. The resonator was tested as a two-port device at a temperature of 77 K. A 62700 unload quality factor Q ₀ was obtained. The surface resistance (Rs) of the HTS film had been determined as 9.4 m at 77 K and 36 GHz.     

Inter-subassembly heat transfer of sodium cooled fast reactors: Validation of the NETFLOW code

This paper describes the prediction of temperature at the exit of subassemblies of a sodium cooled fast reactor using the NETFLOW code. Until present time, this plant dynamics calculation code is expected as a tool of nuclear education, and has been validated using data obtained at facilities or reactors cooled with water or sodium. A natural circulation test was conducted in the experimental fast reactor ‘Joyo’ with a 100 MW irradiation core. Also a turbine trip test was conducted in the prototype fast breeder reactor ‘Monju’. These tests were chosen to validate a model to calculate inter-subassembly heat transfer consisting of heat conduction and heat transfer by inter-wrapper flow. Based on the calculation for the natural circulation test in primary and secondary loops of ‘Joyo’, the model to calculate the heat transfer in radial direction of the inter-subassemblies simulated reasonable sodium temperature behaviors at the exit of subassemblies. Good agreement was also obtained in prediction of temperatures at the exit of the ‘Monju’ subassemblies. Through these validations, it was shown that the one-dimensional plant dynamics code NETFLOW could trace temperatures at the exit of the subassemblies of fast reactors with the inter-subassembly heat transfer model.     

混合矢量有限元法分析高温超导微带线的传输特性

采用混合矢量有限元方法结合唯象二流体模型,对高温超导微带线的复电导率表达式做了推导,经Helmholtz方程弱形式变换,得到了适用于HTS微带线的方程,对高温超导(HTS)微带线的传输特性(包括损耗、色散等)进行了全波分析,与谱域法计算比照后可以发现,两者曲线在0.1GHz~1000GHz吻合很好,并采用该方法计算分析了HTS微带传输线中模式色散的影响。