一种新的直方图核函数及在图像分类中的应用

基于核方法的支持向量机(SVM)以其良好的推广性在图像分类等领域已经得到广泛应用,运用支持向量机的关键是设计有效的核函数。为克服传统核函数较少融合先验知识的弱点,该文提出基于数据驱动的核函数构建方法;并结合词包(BOW)模型,设计了一种基于TF-IDF规则的加权二次卡方(Weighted Quadritic Chisquared, WQC)距离的直方图核函数;在计算直方图之间距离时充分考虑到不同量化区间的不同区分性能,从而增强核函数对不同类别的区分能力。在Caltech101/256等多个经典图像数据集上的分类实验结果验证了该文方法的有效性。     

用于图像检索的连通直方图方法

本文提出了一种用于图像检索的连通直方图（CRH：Connected-Region histogram)方法。连通直方图是图像中连通区域面积的统计函数，反应了图像中连通区域的概率分布，是图像内容的一种简洁表达。它具有灰度、旋转、平移等不变性，并可通过权函数来强调某些连通区域。另外，还可以根据连通区域的其他特征（如连通区域的形状、所处的相对位置等）来优化、改进连通直方图，提高图像的检索效率。实验证明，连通直方图具有一定的图像检索能力。     

基于小波变换和不变矩的脱机签名鉴别

在以前研究的基础上，本文针对脱机中文签名的特点，提出利用小波变换及特征不变矩相结合的方案进行鉴别。与通常的小波变换提取细节信息不同，本文提取的是近似信息，反映了签名灰度图像灰度分布的走势。另外再结合利用伪Zemike不变矩计算的静态特征与在高密区域(HDR)基础上计算的其他动态特征。组成17维特征向量，构建脱机签名鉴别系统，并利用290个签名进行实验，实验结果表明FAR(错误接受率)和FRR(错误拒绝率)可分别达到7．83％、6．88％。     

基于自适应局部灰度修正的直方图均衡算法

分析了图像直方图均衡增强算法中信息损失的内在机理,提出基于自适应局部灰度修正的直方图均衡算法。首先对图像作常规直方图均衡处理,然后分析比较处理后图像和原图的梯度变化,以此为依据对图像作局部灰度修正,从而减小直方图均衡处理过程中信息损失的程度,最后通过实验验证了算法的有效性。     

Adaptive histogram-based filter for image restoration

A novel filter for image restoration is proposed in this paper. The filter estimates histogram of original image via input image. It gets a membership function through the histogram, and the membership function contains a lot of information of original image. Then a weighted fuzzy mean filter is established based on this membership function; meanwhile, the filter adaptively adopts different filter scale according to the character divergence of image region and intensity of impulsive noise. Experimental result shows that new filter gives superior performance to conventional filters and currently used fuzzy filter.     

基于小波分频和二次均衡的图像增强算法

传统的图像增强算法在增强图像的同时也增强了图像的噪声信号,导致信息熵下降.结合小波变换多尺度、多分辨率的特点和直方图均衡的优势,提出一种基于小波分频和二次均衡的高亮度图像增强算法.首先利用小波变换将图像分解为低频分量和高频分量,然后仅对低频分量作直方图均衡处理,再由均衡后的低频分量与各高频分量进行小波重构,最后对重构的图像再次进行直方图均衡处理.实验结果表明,该算法对于亮度较高的灰度图像有较好的增强效果.     

模拟乘法器概述

对实现模拟乘法运算的各种方法进行了概括介绍,并对这些方法的优缺点进行了比较,然后对生产模拟乘法器的厂家及其代表产品进行了介绍。最后从电路设计和工艺角度简单地介绍了某些性能的改进。     

A Histogram Matching Approach for assessment of flow regime alteration: application to environmental flow optimization

In this paper we present a Histogram Matching Approach (HMA) for assessment of the flow regime alteration. The HMA uses the degree of histogram dissimilarity as a metric for impact assessment, which is based on the quadratic‐form distance between the frequency vectors of the pre‐ and post‐impact histograms weighted by a specified similarity matrix. The HMA is coupled with an aggregated multiobjective optimization genetic algorithm and applied to a case study on the Kaoping diversion weir (Taiwan) for determining the optimal environmental flow scheme that balances the ecosystem and human needs objectives. Two key issues are addressed in this study. First, we compare the performances of the HMA and existing Range of Variability Approach (RVA). Second, we employ three types of similarity function to investigate their effect on the outcomes of the HMA. The results reveal that the HMA consistently outperforms the RVA in preserving the natural flow variability regardless of what type of similarity function is used. No single type of similarity function can be found that would simultaneously best preserve the natural patterns of 32 Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA). For the situations where the water‐supply reliability is of critical concern, the pulse similarity is recommended because it would assure the smallest water‐supply deficit. If, however, minor degradation in the water‐supply reliability may be overlooked, the linear similarity is suggested because it would generally result in the post‐impact flows that most satisfactorily resemble to the natural flow regime. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

颜色的空间分布密度与图像检索

提出了颜色的空间分布密度的概念,给出了颜色的空间分布密度的算法,证明了算法的合理性和有效性.在基于内容的图像检索中,颜色的空间分布密度能提供颜色在空间的分布信息.实验表明,颜色的空间分布密度与颜色直方图配合使用,可以提高图像检索的准确率与回召率.     

基于ObjectARX与OLEDB的钻孔柱状图自动绘制研究

以AutoCAD为图形平台 ,采用ObjectARX以及OLEDB数据库接口技术绘制钻孔柱状图 ,并分析了其中的关键技术