一种改进的激光光斑中心检测算法在路基沉降测量中的实现

通过检测激光光斑中心位置偏移的方法来监测路基沉降,是一种便携易布设的方法。而激光光斑中心的检测可以使用重心法、圆拟合、椭圆拟合、高斯曲面拟合。采用重心法运算简单精度低,而采用拟合法精度更高,由于光轴与靶面间存在夹角,光斑更近似看作一椭圆,应用椭圆拟合,辅之以亚像素精度分割,Canny边缘提取后获得了较为理想的沉降监测精度。     

用激光技术测定液体中的声速和等熵压缩性系数

本文应用根据激光光声原理和技术建立的流体热力学性质测量实验装置，测定了七个温度下苯、四氯化碳液体中，苯与四氯化碳二元溶液中的声速（ｕ）、密度（ρ），计算了等熵压缩性系数（Ｋ＿ｓ）等热力学数据。用多项幂级数，以最小二乘法拟合声速ｕ与温度ｔ的数学关系。实测的声速值与文献值比较，相对误差小于０．０４％，等熵压缩性系数与文献数据也相当吻合。     

Evaluation of nucleation activation energy in metal CVD processes

A new approach to evaluate activation energy for nucleation in metal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is presented. Deposition is performed by laser induced chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) using a low laser power and a high scan speed, so that only discrete particles in the initial nucleation stage are formed. The nucleation activation energy is then obtained from a relationship between the laser-induced surface temperature distribution and the particle distribution. The activation energy is directly related to the nucleation barrier, and hence the difference in the nucleation activation energies on different substrates may be used to explain the chemical selectivity which is often observed during metal CVD processes. This approach is experimentally applied to aluminum CVD using dimethylethylamine alane (DMEAA) precursor, and its nucleation activation energy is found to be 25kcal/mol on silicon surface.     

激光遥感图像高速滤波器算法的FPGA实现

针对激光遥感信号高速高精度的要求,利用FPGA的多任务、高速并行性设计系统进行滤波。考虑到激光光电传感器设计的滤波器会有很大的信号衰减,且具有精度要求高的特点,提出了基于 FPGA内部基本逻辑单元、乘法器、存储器,经过乘法分解和时序设计,实现具有可移植性的图像高速分辨的方法。系统采用FPGA设计平台,并用Verilog语言设计程序。试验结果验证,该滤波器对激光遥感信号具有高速、精确滤波功能,同时表明利用低端FPGA设计激光滤波器必将成为未来发展趋势。     

Velocity measurements and flow field characteristic analyses in a turbo air classifier

Turbo air classifier is one of the most widely used powder classification equipment. The rotor cage as a rotary component can create a forced centrifugal field, so it is a key part for turbo air classifier. In order to investigate the effect of structural variations of the rotor cage on flow field characteristics, three dimensional velocity measurements of the annular region in a turbo air classifier equipped with two different rotor cage bottom plates (A and B type) are performed by laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV). It is found that the different bottom plates have different axial and tangential velocity distributions in the annular region. However, the structural variations of the rotor cage have hardly any effect on the radial velocity. Based on the classification principle, the relation between the classification performance and the flow field characteristics is investigated in great detail.The results of the flow field measurements were tested by the classification experiments carried out with cement raw meal and ground calcium carbonate. The results demonstrate that B type bottom plate can realize the production of narrow particle size distributions, so it is more favorable for classification than A type bottom plate. Classification experiment results are in good agreement with the results of the flow field measurements.     

SLS工艺制造的高分子原型材料选择

面向快速铸造工艺的激光选择性烧结（SLS）工艺制造可以制造可烧蚀的高分子快速原型，结合熔模铸造工艺能够实现金属零件的无模快速铸造。选择既适合激光烧结工艺又满足铸造要求的高分子材料是快速铸造工艺的前提。在系统地比较和分析了常用高分子材料的特性．并进行了粉末激光烧结实验后，选择了聚苯乙烯（PS）材料作为快速铸造用SLS原型的粉末原材料。     

实现精密激光加工应用的运动控制新挑战

激光精密加工及切割已被应用在如太阳能晶硅切割、手机面板切割、半导体晶圆切割,Laser CNC等精密加工上面。如何通过调整能量强度来满足不同材质上切割,而呈现出有层次感的效果,这些都是高端运动控制产品所面临的新挑战。在本文中将讨论如何克服精密激光加工时所遭遇的新挑战,以及通过实例证明的解决方案。     

Near Wall Studies of Pulp Suspension Flow Using LDA

A detailed study of the flow behaviour in the near wall region of pulp suspensions up to 4.7% have been performed using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) in pipe flow. Axial mean velocity profiles show a distinct plug flow and an increase of the plug region as the flow rate decreases and fibre concentration increases. An attempt is made to relate the LDA data‐rate to fibre concentration, which indicates a dilution region at 1‐2 mm from the wall that is larger than the annulus region. The dilution region increases with increasing flow rate, decreasing concentration and when using longer pulp fibres.     

Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B using Ti/TiO2 electrode prepared by laser calcination method

The method of Ti/TiO₂ photoelectrode prepared by using laser calcination method instead of oven calcination process was introduced. The prepared TiO₂ film was observed with AFM and XRD. Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RB) using this electrode was investigated, and anodic potential and pH were optimized. The laser power applied in this electrode preparation was also discussed, and it indicated that TiO₂ particle prepared with high laser power was crystallized adequately and the photoelectrocatalytic ability was satisfactory. RB degradation was investigated under different conditions, and it showed that photoelectrocatalytic degradation could achieve efficient and complete mineralization of organic pollutant. The photoelectrocatalytic oxidation using the Ti/TiO₂ electrode calcinated by laser was compared with that of the electrode calcinated by furnace, and it showed that the reaction rate of RB degradation using the electrode by laser was faster than that by furnace. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed at the two different photoelectrodes, which verified the higher photocatalytic activity of the laser-treated electrode further.     

远场激光能量密度分布的数值与图像估算

激光在大气传输过程中,由于同大气分子与气溶胶粒子之间的相互作用而产生了一系列的效应,即大气衰减和大气湍流效应,导致能量不断减弱,并影响激光的远场能量密度分布.根据设计的激光远场能量密度分布测试系统进行外场实际试验测试,只能获得指定位置上的远场能量密度分布数据和激光光斑图像,为了获得任意位置的激光传输特性,研究了大气衰减和大气湍流对激光传输的影响.根据上述系统测得的指定位置的光斑图像及能量分布数据,通过软件仿真分析,估算任意位置的激光光斑能量密度分布,通过伪彩色变换,将激光光斑的灰度图像转换为连续变化的伪彩色图像,可以直观地观察光斑的远场能量密度分布.