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101.
102.
Nhan Dai Thien Tram Jian Xu Devika Mukherjee Antonio Eduardo Obanel Venkatesh Mayandi Vanitha Selvarajan Xiao Zhu Jeanette Teo Veluchamy Amutha Barathi Rajamani Lakshminarayanan Pui Lai Rachel Ee 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(5):2210858
Bacterial trapping using nanonets is a ubiquitous immune defense mechanism against infectious microbes. These nanonets can entrap microbial cells, effectively arresting their dissemination and rendering them more vulnerable to locally secreted microbicides. Inspired by this evolutionarily conserved anti-infective strategy, a series of 15 to 16 residue-long synthetic β-hairpin peptides is herein constructed with the ability to self-assemble into nanonets in response to the presence of bacteria, enabling spatiotemporal control over microbial killing. Using amyloid-specific K114 assay and confocal microscopy, the membrane components lipoteichoic acid and lipopolysaccharide are shown to play a major role in determining the amyloid-nucleating capacity as triggered by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively. These nanonets displayed both trapping and killing functionalities, hence offering a direct improvement from the trap-only biomimetics in literature. By substituting a single turn residue of the non-amyloidogenic BTT1 peptide, the nanonet-forming BTT1-3A analog is produced with comparable antimicrobial potency. With the same sequence manipulation approach, BTT2-4A analog modified from BTT2 peptide showed improved antimicrobial potency against colistin-resistant clinical isolates. The peptide nanonets also demonstrated robust stability against proteolytic degradation, and promising in vivo efficacy and biosafety profile. Overall, these bacteria-responsive peptide nanonets are promising clinical anti-infective alternatives for circumventing antibiotic resistance. 相似文献
103.
Targeted Nanoparticle Thermometry: A Method to Measure Local Temperature at the Nanoscale Point Where Water Vapor Nucleation Occurs 下载免费PDF全文
Arwa A. Alaulamie Susil Baral Samuel C. Johnson Hugh H. Richardson 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(1)
An optical nanothermometer technique based on laser trapping, moving and targeted attaching an erbium oxide nanoparticle cluster is developed to measure the local temperature. The authors apply this new nanoscale temperature measuring technique (limited by the size of the nanoparticles) to measure the temperature of vapor nucleation in water. Vapor nucleation is observed after superheating water above the boiling point for degassed and nondegassed water. The average nucleation temperature for water without gas is 560 K but this temperature is lowered by 100 K when gas is introduced into the water. The authors are able to measure the temperature inside the bubble during bubble formation and find that the temperature inside the bubble spikes to over 1000 K because the heat source (optically‐heated nanorods) is no longer connected to liquid water and heat dissipation is greatly reduced. 相似文献
104.
Fabrication of Micropatterned Dipeptide Hydrogels by Acoustic Trapping of Stimulus‐Responsive Coacervate Droplets 下载免费PDF全文
Acoustic standing waves offer an excellent opportunity to trap and spatially manipulate colloidal objects. This noncontact technique is used for the in situ formation and patterning in aqueous solution of 1D or 2D arrays of pH‐responsive coacervate microdroplets comprising poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride and the dipeptide N‐fluorenyl‐9‐methoxy‐carbonyl‐D‐alanine‐D‐alanine. Decreasing the pH of the preformed droplet arrays results in dipeptide nanofilament self‐assembly and subsequent formation of a micropatterned supramolecular hydrogel that can be removed as a self‐supporting monolith. Guest molecules such as molecular dyes, proteins, and oligonucleotides are sequestered specifically within the coacervate droplets during acoustic processing to produce micropatterned hydrogels containing spatially organized functional components. Using this strategy, the site‐specific isolation of multiple enzymes to drive a catalytic cascade within the micropatterned hydrogel films is exploited. 相似文献
105.
Neng Li Shuai Huang Guodong Zhang Renyao Qin Wei Liu Huaping Xiong Gongqi Shi Jon Blackburn 《材料科学技术学报》2019,35(2):242-269
Recent efforts and advances in additive manufacturing (AM) on different types of new materials are presented and reviewed. Special attention is paid to the material design of cladding layers, the choice of feedstock materials, the metallurgical behavior and synthesis principle during the AM process, and the resulted microstructures and properties, as well as the relationship between these factors. Thereafter, the trend of development in the future is forecasted, including: Effects of the particles size and size distribution of powders; Approaches for producing fine microstructures; Opportunities for creating new materials by AM; Wide applications in reconditioning of damaged components; Challenges for deep understanding and applications of the AMed new materials. The idea of “Develop Materials” or “Create Materials” by AM is highlighted, but a series of scientific, technological and engineering problems remain to be solved in future. 相似文献
106.
In this study, the crack propagation behaviors in the equiaxed and equiaxed-columnar grain regions of a heat-treated laser additive manufacturing (LAM) TC11 alloy with a special bi-modal microstructure are investigated. The results indicate that the alloy presents a special bi-modal microstructure that comprises a fork-like primary α (αp) phase surrounded by a secondary α colony (αs) in the β phase matrix after the heat treatment is completed. The samples demonstrate a fast crack growth rate with larger da/dN values through the equiaxed grain sample versus across the equiaxed-columnar grain sample at low ΔK values (<13.8). The differences that are observed between the crack propagation behaviors (in the crack initiation stage) of the samples can be mostly attributed to the different size and morphology of the αp lamellae and αs colony within the grains in the equiaxed and columnar grain regions rather than the grain boundaries. The cracks prefer to grow along the α/β boundary with a smooth propagation route and a fast propagation rate in the equiaxed grain region, where the αp and α clusters have a large size. However, in the columnar grain region, small and randomly distributed αp lamellae generate a zigzag-shaped propagation path with a reduction in the da/dN value. Additionally, the change in the size of the αp lamellae in the equiaxed grains (heat affected bands, HAB) is also observed to influence the propagation behavior of the crack during the crack initiation stage. 相似文献
107.
Because of the excellent mechanical properties of 34CrNiMo6 steel, it is widely used in high-value components. Many conventional approaches to strengthening-steels typically involve the loss of useful ductility. In this study, 34CrNiMo6 Steel having high strength and ductility is produced by laser solid forming (LSF) with a quenching-tempering (QT) treatment. Tempering of bainite is mainly by solid phase transformation in the previous LSF layers during the LSF process. The stable microstructure of LSF consists of ferrite and fine carbides. The microstructure transfers to tempered sorbite after heat-treatment. The tensile properties of the LSF steel meet those of the wrought standard. The UTS and elongation of LSF sample at 858 MPa, 19.2%, respectively, are greater than those of the wrought. The QT treatment enhanced the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the LSF sample. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, reduction in area, and elongation of the LSF+QT sample at 980 MPa, 916 MPa, 58.9%, and 13.9%, respectively, are greater than those of the wrought standard. The yield strength of the LSF+QT sample is approximately 1.27 times that of the wrought. The LSF samples failed in a ductile fracture mode, while the LSF+QT samples showed mixed-mode failure. The defects have only a small effect on the tensile properties owing to the excellent ductility of the LSF sample. 相似文献
108.
《材料科学技术学报》2019,35(7):1323-1333
Biomedical Ti-Fe-Zr-Y alloys were prepared by 3D printing on pure titanium substrate. The influences of Zr on mechanical, forming, and biological properties of the alloys were investigated in detail. The results showed that with increasing the Zr addition, the surface roughness, friction coefficient and worn volume decrease at first and then increase, the lowest values obtained at 5.86 at.% Zr addition. The ultimate compression stress and specific strength gradually decrease. The studied alloys have no cytotoxicity. They can promote the early adhesion and proliferation of cells. The eutectic alloy with 5.86 at.% Zr addition has the best ability of apatite deposition, it exhibits a better comprehensive performance among the studied alloys, which is superior to the Ti70.5Fe29.5 and Ti-6Al-4 V alloys. 相似文献
109.
《材料科学技术学报》2019,35(11):2705-2713
In this study, the Zn-0.5 wt%Zr (Zn-Zr) alloy was treated by laser surface remelting (LSR), and then the microstructure and degradation mechanism of the remelting layer were investigated and compared with the original as-cast alloy. The results reveal that after LSR, the bulky Zn22Zr phase in the original Zn-Zr alloy is dissolved and the coarse equiaxed grains transform into fine dendrites with a secondary dendrite arm space of about 100 nm. During the degradation process in simulated body fluid (SBF), the corrosion products usually concentrate at some certain areas in the original alloy, while the corrosion products distribute uniformly and loosely in the LSR-treated surface. After removing the corrosion products, it was found that the former suffers obvious pitting corrosion and then localized corrosion. The proposed mechanism is that corrosion initiates at grain boundaries and develops into the depth at some locations, and then leads to localized corrosion. For the LSR-treated sample, corrosion initiates at some active sites and propagates in all directions, corrosion takes place in the whole surface with distinctly uniform thickness reduction, while the localized corrosion and peeling of bulky Zn22Zr particles were eliminated. The electrochemical results also suggest the uniform corrosion of LSR-treated sample and localized corrosion of original sample. Based on the results, a new approach to regulate the corrosion mode of the biodegradable Zn alloy is proposed. 相似文献
110.
宋文武 《长春理工大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(4)
本文论述了激光器检测中存在的诸多基本问题并给出其具体解决方法, 文中对一个智能化激光器检测仪的系统组成, 工作原理及硬、软件设计进行了较为详细的介绍 相似文献