Ovule Development and in Planta Transformation of Paphiopedilum Maudiae by Agrobacterium-Mediated Ovary-Injection

In this paper, the development of the Paphiopedilum Maudiae embryo sac at different developmental stages after pollination was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The mature seeds of P. Maudiae consisted of an exopleura and a spherical embryo, but without an endosperm, while the inner integument cells were absorbed by the developing embryo. The P. Maudiae embryo sac exhibited an Allium type of development. The time taken for the embryo to develop to a mature sac was 45-50 days after pollination (DAP) and most mature embryo sacs had completed fertilization and formed zygotes by about 50–54 DAP. In planta transformation was achieved by injection of the ovaries by Agrobacterium, resulting in 38 protocorms or seedlings after several rounds of hygromycin selection, corresponding to 2, 7, 5, 1, 3, 4, 9, and 7 plantlets from Agrobacterium-mediated ovary-injection at 30, 35, 42, 43, 45, 48, 50, and 53 DAP, respectively. Transformation efficiency was highest at 50 DAP (2.54%), followed by 2.48% at 53 DAP and 2.45% at 48 DAP. Four randomly selected hygromycin-resistant plants were GUS-positive after PCR analysis. Semi-quantitative PCR and quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed the expression of the hpt gene in the leaves of eight hygromycin-resistant seedlings following Agrobacterium-mediated ovary-injection at 30, 35, 42, 43, 45, 48, 50, and 53 DAP, while hpt expression was not detected in the control. The best time to inject P. Maudiae ovaries in planta with Agrobacterium is 48-53 DAP, which corresponds to the period of fertilization. This protocol represents the first genetic transformation protocol for any Paphiopedilum species and will allow for expanded molecular breeding programs to introduce useful and interesting genes that can expand its ornamental and horticulturally important characteristics.     

mRNA and miRNA Expression Analyses of the MYC/E2F/miR-17-92 Network in the Most Common Pediatric Brain Tumors

Numerous molecular factors disrupt the correctness of the cell cycle process leading to the development of cancer due to increased cell proliferation. Among known causative factors of such process is abnormal gene expression. Nowadays in the light of current knowledge such alterations are frequently considered in the context of mRNA–miRNA correlation. One of the molecular factors with potential value in tumorigenesis is the feedback loop between MYC and E2F genes in which miR-17-5p and miR-20a from the miR-17-92 cluster are involved. The current literature shows that overexpression of the members of the OncomiR-1 are involved in the development of many solid tumors. In the present work, we investigated the expression of components of the MYC/E2F/miR-17-92 network and their closely related elements including members of MYC and E2F families and miRNAs from two paralogs of miR-17-92: miR-106b-25 and miR-106a-363, in the most common brain tumors of childhood, pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), WHO grade 1; ependymoma (EP), WHO grade 2; and medulloblastoma (MB), WHO grade 4. We showed that the highest gene expression was observed in the MYC family for MYCN and in the E2F family for E2F2. Positive correlation was observed between the gene expression and tumor grade and type, with the highest expression being noted for medulloblastomas, followed by ependymomas, and the lowest for pilocytic astrocytomas. Most members of miR-17-92, miR-106a-363 and miR-106b-25 clusters were upregulated and the highest expression was noted for miR-18a and miR-18b. The rest of the miRNAs, including miR-19a, miR-92a, miR-106a, miR-93, or miR-25 also showed high values. miR-17-5p, miR-20a obtained a high level of expression in medulloblastomas and ependymomas, while close to the control in the pilocytic astrocytoma samples. miRNA expression also depended on tumor grade and histology.     

P2Y11 Agonism Prevents Hypoxia/Reoxygenation- and Angiotensin II-Induced Vascular Dysfunction and Intimal Hyperplasia Development

Vascular dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases includes vasomotor response impairments, endothelial cells (ECs) activation, and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) proliferation and migration to the intima. This results in intimal hyperplasia and vessel failure. We previously reported that activation of the P2Y11 receptor (P2Y11R) in human dendritic cells, cardiofibroblasts and cardiomyocytes was protective against hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) lesions. In this study, we investigated the role of P2Y11R signaling in vascular dysfunction. P2Y11R activity was modulated using its pharmacological agonist NF546 and antagonist NF340. Rat aortic rings were exposed to angiotensin II (AngII) and evaluated for their vasomotor response. The P2Y11R agonist NF546 reduced AngII-induced vascular dysfunction by promoting EC-dependent vasorelaxation, through an increased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and reduced AngII-induced H₂O₂ release; these effects were prevented by the use of the P2Y11R antagonist NF340. Human vascular SMCs and ECs were subjected to AngII or H/R simulation in vitro. P2Y11R agonist modulated vasoactive factors in human ECs, that is, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and endothelin-1, reduced SMC proliferation and prevented the switch towards a synthetic phenotype. H/R and AngII increased ECs secretome-induced SMC proliferation, an effect prevented by P2Y11R activation. Thus, our data suggest that P2Y11R activation may protect blood vessels from HR-/AngII-induced injury and reduce vascular dysfunctions. These results open the way for new vasculoprotective interventions.     

Adenosine Receptor Agonist HE-NECA Enhances Antithrombotic Activities of Cangrelor and Prasugrel in vivo by Decreasing of Fibrinogen Density in Thrombus

Blood platelets’ adenosine receptors (AR) are considered to be a new target for the anti-platelet therapy. This idea is based on in vitro studies which show that signaling mediated by these receptors leads to a decreased platelet response to activating stimuli. In vivo evidence for the antithrombotic activity of AR agonists published to date were limited, however, to the usage of relatively high doses given in bolus. The present study was aimed at verifying if these substances used in lower doses in combination with inhibitors of P2Y₁₂ could serve as components of dual anti-platelet therapy. We have found that a selective A_2A agonist 2-hexynyl-5’-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (HE-NECA) improved the anti-thrombotic properties of either cangrelor or prasugrel in the model of ferric chloride-induced experimental thrombosis in mice. Importantly, HE-NECA was effective not only when applied in bolus as other AR agonists in the up-to-date published studies, but also when given chronically. In vitro thrombus formation under flow conditions revealed that HE-NECA enhanced the ability of P2Y₁₂ inhibitors to decrease fibrinogen content in thrombi, possibly resulting in their lower stability. Adenosine receptor agonists possess a certain hypotensive effect and an ability to increase the blood–brain barrier permeability. Therefore, the effects of anti-thrombotic doses of HE-NECA on blood pressure and the blood–brain barrier permeability in mice were tested. HE-NECA applied in bolus caused a significant hypotension in mice, but the effect was much lower when the substance was given in doses corresponding to that obtained by chronic administration. At the same time, no significant effect of HE-NECA was observed on the blood–brain barrier. We conclude that chronic administration of the A_2A agonist can be considered a potential component of a dual antithrombotic therapy. However, due to the hypotensive effect of the substances, dosage and administration must be elaborated to minimize the side-effects. The total number of animals used in the experiments was 146.     

舌控智能辅助系统的通信装置研究

为提高舌控智能辅助系统舌部运动信息的采集精度,利用STM32H743和LabVIEW设计了一种对舌机接口辅助系统进行信号采集、传输的通信装置.该装置通过舌部触碰嵌入式电极传感器发出信号并传输给单片机(进行舌控信号采集),然后通过串口传给上位机以此最终实现数据的采集与保存.实验结果表明,该装置可有效完成舌控智能辅助系统对控制信号的采集与传输,并具有实时显示、自动保存和查询历史数据等功能; 因此,该装置在舌控智能辅助系统的信号采集中具有良好的应用前景.     

基于STM32的多功能液体检测系统

本系统以STM32F103RCT6单片机为核心控制芯片,可以一键自动测量容器内液体的重量和液位参数,并显示测量数据、判别液体种类。使用激光与浮板进行液位测量;使用压力传感器与24位AD转化模块HX711进行高精度的重量测量;利用pH值传感器、光电传感器、导电率传感器获得液体不同的物理特性,区分液体种类。系统模块构成主要包括单片机系统模块、电源模块、激光测距模块、称重模块、传感器模块、OLED显示模块和按键模块,具有多功能、测量准确、反应速度快的特点。     

γ—TiAl增压涡轮熔模铸造过程数值模拟研究

根据熔模型壳离心浇注的铸造工艺特点，建立了γ－TiAl增压涡轮凝固传热过程的数值模型，推导了离心压力下γ－TiAl金属间化合物的凝固收缩和补缩过程数学模型，模拟计算了γ－TiAl增压涡轮铸件的温度场和收缩缺陷，结果表明，模型能可靠计算γ－TiAl增压涡轮铸件凝固过程的温度分布和准确预测铸件的收缩缺陷，数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好，数值模拟结果证实了前期工作所提出的进一步减少及消除收缩缺陷的优化工艺措施的合理性。     

P，Zr，B对定向凝固IN738合金组织和偏析的影响SCIEI

用不同凝固速度下定向凝固和定向凝固加快淬的方法研究了Ｐ，Ｚｒ，Ｂ对定向凝固ＩＮ７３８合金组织和偏析的影响发现随磷含量的增加，合金固液两相区宽度及温度区间显著增加；凝固前沿低熔点液相区增大；树枝晶组织发达，二次晶变细、变多；固液界面表面积增加。发现只加Ｐ与同时加Ｐ，Ｚｒ合金的溶质原子偏析规律有差异。Ｐ，Ｚｒ，Ｂ促进合金中（γ＋γ′）共晶形成，在其前沿有（γ＋硼化物）共晶析出。     

P2P网络中的匿名电子拍卖协议研究*

在P2P网络中实现电子拍卖的功能对于P2P技术具有重要意义,这将意味着电子商务同样可以在P2P网络中广泛应用.然而,匿名性、投标价保密性、抗勾结性等安全问题一直是电子拍卖研究的难点问题,一种合理的解决方法是将盲签名、知识证明、可验证的数字签名加密算法引入到电子拍卖协议中.这样不仅可以很好地解决P2P网络无中心服务器的不足,还使得系统的安全性能得到显著提高.     

A panoramic view of Li7P3S11 solid electrolytes synthesis,structural aspects and practical challenges for all-solid-state lithium batteries

The development of an inorganic electrochemical stable solid-state electrolyte is essentially responsible for future state-of-the-art all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). Because of their advantages in safety, working temperature, high energy density, and packaging, ASSLBs can develop an ideal energy storage system for modern electric vehicles (EVs). A solid electrolyte (SE) model must have an economical synthesis approach, exhibit electrochemical and chemical stability, high ionic conductivity, and low interfacial resistance. Owing to its highest conductivity of 17 mS·cm^-1, and deformability, the sulfide-based Li₇P₃S₁₁ solid electrolyte is a promising contender for the high-performance bulk type of ASSLBs. Herein, we present a current glimpse of the progress of synthetic procedures, structural aspects, and ionic conductivity improvement strategies. Structural elucidation and mechanistic approaches have been extensively discussed by using various characterization techniques. The chemical stability of Li₇P₃S₁₁ could be enhanced via oxide doping, and hard and soft acid/base (HSAB) concepts are also discussed. The issues to be undertaken for designing the ideal solid electrolytes, interfacial challenges, and high energy density have been discoursed. This review aims to provide a bird's eye view of the recent development of Li₇P₃S₁₁-based solid-state electrolyte applications and explore the strategies for designing new solid electrolytes with a target-oriented approach to enhance the efficiency of high energy density all-solid-state lithium batteries.