聚醚改性铸型尼龙的研究

介绍了聚醚改性铸型尼龙的制备方法，以聚醚和异氰酸酯为原料合成预聚体活化剂在该活化剂存在下引发己内酰胺阴离子聚合，聚体韧性被显著改善。讨论了各各绎制备过程的影响，并测试了制品性能与预聚体用量的关系，当预体用量为聚合体重的８％时，材料缺口冲击强度最高。     

Bilayer-mediated assembly of cationic nanoparticles adsorbed to lipid bilayers: Insights from molecular simulations

Understanding interactions between functionalized gold nanoparticles (NPs) and lipid bilayers is essential for biomedical applications. Experiments have shown that NPs that are stable in solution can assemble into clusters when adsorbed to a lipid bilayer, suggesting that bilayer-mediated interactions facilitate assembly. In this work, we use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to study bilayer-mediated interactions between NPs adsorbed to single- and multicomponent lipid bilayers. We perform unbiased simulations and umbrella sampling calculations using an implicit solvent force field to determine the thermodynamic contributions to assembly. We show that bilayer-mediated interactions drive the assembly of NPs into linear aggregates on liquid-disordered bilayers, which we attribute to a reduction in bilayer curvature. Similar bilayer-mediated interactions induce the alignment of NP clusters with phase boundaries in phase-separated bilayers. Together, these simulation results provide new physical insight into the balance of forces that dictate the assembly of charged NPs at multicomponent lipid bilayer interfaces.     

Construction of functional aliphatic polycarbonates for biomedical applications

Aliphatic polycarbonates are one important kind of biodegradable polymers and have been commonly used as integral components of engineered tissues, medical devices and drug delivery systems. As far as the biomedical application is concerned, traditional aliphatic polycarbonates usually suffer from the strong hydrophobicity, deficient functionality, and insufficient compatibility with cell/organs. Consequently, the application is quite limited in scope. Due to the imparted appealing properties, aliphatic polycarbonates bearing specifically designed functional/reactive groups attract great interest from researchers in the recent years. The present review outlines the development up to date concerning the design and biomedical application of functional aliphatic polycarbonates, with an emphasis on their ring-opening (co)polymerization preparation.     

甲醇钠催化制取MC尼龙

研究了甲醇钠替代传统催化剂氢氧化钠催化合成MC尼龙的工艺方法，改进了催化剂的投加方式，用甲醇钠溶液取代氢氧化钠颗粒催化合成MC尼龙，有助于催化剂的准确计量，结果表明，使用甲醇钠催化剂合成MC尼龙，工艺简单，合成周期短，制品产生气孔的几率低，产品颜色浅，力学性能不变，并且避免了因反应条件波动引起的不聚合现象。     

微生物降解原油发酵液中低分子量有机酸的测定

本文使用气-质联用仪对微生物降解原油发酵液中低分子量有机酸进行测定。采用水蒸汽蒸发法蒸出发酵液中低分子量有机酸，从而使其与样品中大量的无机盐和表面活性剂分离，浓缩后直接进样。该方法简单直接，可以减少有机酸的损失。     

Understanding interfacial behaviors of isobutane alkylation with C4 olefin catalyzed by sulfuric acid or ionic liquids

The interfacial properties between the hydrocarbon phase including isobutane and 2‐butene and the catalyst phase including H₂SO₄ or ionic liquids (ILs) with various alkyl chain length on their imidazolium cations have been investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Compared to H₂SO₄, ILs can obviously improve the interfacial width, solubility and diffusion of reactants at the interface. The ILs with longer chains on cations exhibit a significant density enrichment of alkyl chains at the interface and tend to orient themselves with alkyl chains perpendicular to the interface and protruding into the reactant phase, which is in good agreement with the van der Waals energy between the reactants and cations of the ILs. The ILs with longer chains can improve the interfacial width and facilitate the dissolution of isobutane in catalyst phase, and thus exhibit a better catalytic performance, which agrees well with alkylation experiments in this work. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 950–960, 2018     

MC尼龙/纳米MgO复合材料的制备与性能

采用硫酸铵和碳酸氢铵以及轻烧Mg O粉为原料,利用液相沉淀法制备高纯纳米级Mg O。同时对纳米Mg O进行表面改性,使其可以更好地分散在MC尼龙基体中。将改性后的纳米Mg O,以氢氧化钠为催化剂,甲苯二异氰酸酯为活化剂对MC尼龙进行单体浇铸,制得MC尼龙/Mg O复合材料。结果表明,经纳米Mg O粒子改性后的MC尼龙,其冲击强度和拉伸强度比纯MC尼龙都有所提高,具有增韧和增强的双重效果。     

共聚改性MC尼龙的制备和DSC分析

以氢氧化钠为催化剂,N 乙酰基己内酰胺为活化剂,催化剂和活化剂物质的量与反应单体物质的量之比均为1∶400,聚合起始温度为130℃,在绝热条件下,通过活化阴离子共聚制得了增韧MC尼龙共聚体。通过示差扫描量热分析测定共聚物熔点和结晶相含量,吸热熔融峰表明改性MC尼龙是无规共聚物,共聚导致了制品结晶度下降,结晶的特点是熔点的宽分布、不规则生长以及高浓度无定形区域对结晶存在干扰。     

改性MC尼龙的α／γ球晶与力学性能的关系

尼龙的球晶由于其晶胞内部相邻大分子间不同氢键组合,产生不同的球晶结构,不同球晶类型的形成,决定ＭＣ尼龙性能。用红外光谱和Ｘ－射线衍射研究的球晶结构,发现共聚醚嵌段ＭＣ尼龙中的α和γ球晶的含量,特别是α／γ比是影响共聚醚改性ＭＣ尼龙力学性能最主要的因素。     

MC尼龙／纳米CaSO4复合材料的制备与表征

采用原位聚合反应制备MC尼龙／纳米CaSO4复合材料并对其性能、形貌和结晶形态进行了分析。分析结果表明：复合材料中纳米CaSO4达到了纳米级分散,起到同时增强增韧的作用,复合材料拉伸强度比MC尼龙提高17．4％;弯曲模量提高26．9％;冲击强度提高16．7％。纳米CaSO4的引入没有改变尼龙6的结晶形态;修饰后的纳米CaSO4有利于在MC尼龙中均匀分散。