长沙掺MgO拱坝变形监测资料分析

通过对外掺MgO混凝土的变形特性研究，建立起适合外掺MgO混凝土拱坝变形时效特性的数学模型，分析了长沙拱坝拱冠205.0 m，220.0 m，245.0 m高程径向位移的变化趋势和主要影响因素。分析结果表明拱冠径向位移主要受温度、上游水位以及时效的影响，且时效尚未稳定。     

The effect of Al content on the wettability between liquid iron and MgOAl2O3 binary substrate

In the present study, the wettability between liquid iron with two different Al contents and MgOAl₂O₃ binary substrates was studied in reducing atmosphere. The contact angles between liquid iron with 18?ppm Al and MgO, MgO·Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃ were 133.5°, 113.7°, 126.9° respectively. With the variation of the substrate composition, the contact angles for the intermediate binary phases of the three components (MgO, MgO·Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃) obeyed the Cassie theory. In the experiment using iron with 370?ppm Al, all the contact angles were higher than that using low Al-containing iron. The surface of the iron drop was covered with an oxide layer, which mainly consisted of many small particles. With the variation of the substrate gradually from MgO to Al₂O₃, the composition of the oxide layer changed from MgO·Al₂O₃ to CaOAl₂O₃. The formation of the oxide layer prevented the spreading of liquid iron, leading to the increase of the contact angle.     

助剂MgO对甲烷二氧化碳重整Co/BaTiO3催化剂催化性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法在Co/BaTiO3催化剂中引入助剂MgO,考察了其对甲烷二氧化碳重整Co/BaTiO3催化剂的催化反应性能的影响,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)对催化剂进行了表征,结果表明,助剂MgO使钴催化剂中的活性Co2O3组分增多,还原性和分散性能较好;在n(CO2)∶n(CH4)为1∶1、气相空速(GHSV)为12 000 h-1、反应温度为700℃的条件下,催化剂Co-MgO/BaTiO3表现出良好的催化性能,且反应初期甲烷转化率可达到94.87%,CO选择性可达85.21%,H2收率可达74.08%。     

利用氧化镁热分解氯化铵制氨气工艺的研究

确定了得到MgOHCl产物所需转化剂的用量,以反应温度、反应物的摩尔比、反应时间为变量,固体产物中的氮质量分数、氯收率为评价指标,对MgO热分解NH4Cl制NH3的工艺条件进行了研究。实验结果表明,在反应温度为375℃,转化剂、MgO、NH4Cl的摩尔比为1.3∶1∶0.6,反应时间为60 min时,固体产物中氮质量分数约为0,氯收率可达到90%以上。同时在加入适量转化剂的条件下,MgO分解NH4Cl能够直接生成MgOHCl,不需向反应器中通入蒸汽,简化了工艺流程。     

喷雾干燥法制备氧化镁材料及其吸附性能

采用喷雾干燥结合热处理法制备花瓣状的MgO,通过对热处理温度的调整,实现MgO表面形貌的调控。研究了所制备MgO粉末作为吸附剂对刚果红的吸附性能,当热处理温度为400℃,得到花瓣状的MgO纳米结构,比表面积达到140.5 m²·g^-1,且对刚果红溶液的饱和吸附量约为1480 mg·g^-1。它们对刚果红的吸附能力比报道的其他花瓣状结构的金属氧化物要高。此外,对其吸附模型、吸附动力学以及吸附机制进行探究,表明吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附模型,所制备样品对刚果红溶液的吸附过程可以由准二级动力学来描述。所制备的花瓣状MgO其高效的吸附性能,使其成为非常有前景的吸附剂用于去除污水中的刚果红染料。     

氧化镁纳米粉体的制备

以氢氧化镁和草酸为原料,通过控制实验条件制得纳米氧化镁。研究聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚乙二醇-400,十二烷基硫酸钠和烷基磷酸酯钾盐等分散剂对氧化镁产品粒径的影响,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对氧化镁产物的物相形貌进行表征。结果表明,以聚乙烯醇为分散剂,通过研磨方式合成出草酸镁前驱体,在600℃煅烧1 h,可制得粒度均匀的球形纳米氧化镁粒子。样品经XRD分析为MgO纯相,TEM图像显示制备的MgO纳米粒子粒径为10~20 nm,颗粒分布较均匀。     

Room-temperature densification of MgO bulk ceramics with dispersed nitride phosphor particles

Wave conversion materials with high thermal conductivity are necessary for high-power semiconductor lighting. Ceramics have higher thermal conductivity than existing matrices such as resin or glass in which phosphor particles are dispersed. However, the high densification of ceramics generally requires high-temperature sintering, which degrades and alters the phosphor particles. In this study, we aimed to achieve the high densification of MgO ceramics at room temperature. Applying high hydrostatic pressure with water addition improved the sample packing ratio and promoted the formation of Mg(OH)₂. As a result, the relative density was ≥95%. Additionally, various nitride phosphor particles (CaAlSiN₃:Eu²⁺, β-SiAlON:Eu²⁺, and α-SiAlON:Eu²⁺) were dispersed in the MgO matrix at room temperature without degrading the luminescence property. The thermal conductivity of the obtained sample was about 8 W m^?1K^?1, 40 times higher than that of the epoxy matrix.     

Growth mechanisms of MgO nanocrystals via a sol-gel synthesis using different complexing agents

In the preparation of nanostructured materials, it is important to optimize synthesis parameters in order to obtain the desired material. This work investigates the role of complexing agents, oxalic acid and tartaric acid, in the production of MgO nanocrystals. Results from simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (STA) show that the two different synthesis routes yield precursors with different thermal profiles. It is found that the thermal profiles of the precursors can reveal the effects of crystal growth during thermal annealing. X-ray diffraction confirms that the final products are pure, single phase and of cubic shape. It is also found that complexing agents can affect the rate of crystal growth. The structures of the oxalic acid and tartaric acid as well as the complexation sites play very important roles in the formation of the nanocrystals. The complexing agents influence the rate of growth which affects the final crystallite size of the materials. Surprisingly, it is also found that oxalic acid and tartaric acid act as surfactants inhibiting crystal growth even at a high temperature of 950°C and a long annealing time of 36 h. The crystallite formation routes are proposed to be via linear and branched polymer networks due to the different structures of the complexing agents.