边界探测的小波变换方法

根据Ｍａｌｌａｔ的多尺度边界探测的思想,实现了连续小波变换的多尺度边界探测,并用Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换作为工具,进行连续小波变换的计算,在计算任意方向的模值时,了使用加权平均的方法。给出了算例。     

Feature sensitive multiscale editing on surfaces

A novel editing method for large triangular meshes is presented. We detect surface features, such as edge and corners, by computing local zero and first surface moments, using a robust and noise resistant method. The feature detection is encoded in a finite element matrix, passed to an algebraic multigrid (AMG) algorithm. The AMG algorithm generates a matrix hierarchy ranging from fine to coarse representations of the initial fine grid matrix. This hierarchy comes along with a corresponding multiscale of basis functions, which reflect the surface features on all hierarchy levels. We consider either these basis functions or distinct sets from an induced multiscale domain decomposition as handles for surface manipulation. We present a multiscale editor which enables Boolean operations on this domain decomposition and simply algebraic operations on the basis functions. Users can interactively design their favorite surface handles by simple grouping operations on the multiscale of domains. Several applications on large meshes underline the effectiveness and flexibility of the presented tool.     

基于多尺度马尔可夫随机场的图像分割

离散马尔可夫随机场(MRF)模型是贝叶斯图像分割中最常用的工具。一般采用双MRF,一个随机场对应于观测图像,另一个随机场对应于未知的分类标号,通过迭代的算法将图像的局部信息逐步传递到整个图像,以求得分割标号的最大后验概率(MAP)或最大后验边缘概率(MPM)估计。近年来提出的多尺度MRF模型(或称因果MRF、分层MRF模     

Fusion of multifocus images by lattice structures

Image fusion methods based on multiscale transform (MST) suffer from high computational load due to the use of fast Fourier transforms (ffts) in the lowpass and highpass filtering steps. Lifting wavelet scheme which is based on second generation wavelets has been proposed as a solution to this issue. Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) is composed of split, prediction and update operations all implemented in the spatial domain using multiplications and additions, thus computation time is highly reduced. Since image fusion performance benefits from undecimated transform, it has later been extended to Stationary Lifting Wavelet Transform (SLWT). In this paper, we propose to use the lattice filter for the MST analysis step. Lattice filter is composed of analysis and synthesis parts where simultaneous lowpass and highpass operations are performed in spatial domain with the help of additions/multiplications and delay operations, in a recursive structure which increases robustness to noise. Since the original filter is designed for the undecimated case, we have developed undecimated lattice structures, and applied them to the fusion of multifocus images. Fusion results and evaluation metrics show that the proposed method has better performance especially with noisy images while having similar computational load with LSWT based fusion method.     

In-plane and through-thickness properties,failure modes,damage and delamination in 3D woven carbon fibre composites subjected to impact loading

Two noncrimp 3D woven carbon fibre composites (through thickness angle interlock) of binder volume fractions 3% and 6% were characterised for their response to applied deformation. Experiments were performed at quasi static, medium and high strain rates under a large variety of load cases (tension in warp/weft direction, interlaminar/intralaminar shear, through thickness tension/compression, 3-point bending and plate bending). During the study, novel experimental methods were developed in order to address several challenges specific to 3D composite materials. The results show that, while the different binder volume fractions of 3% and 6% have only a small effect on the in-plane stiffness (warp and weft direction), its effect on the delamination resistance in plate bending experiments is considerable. This is a very important result for the use of these materials in the future. The availability, in previous publications, of complementary data for the matrix and the interface between matrix pockets and fibre bundles makes the comprehensive data set a generically useful reference for hierarchical numerical modelling strategies.     

Free-edge singularities meet the microstructure: Important considerations

The significance of the free-edge singularities in angle–ply laminates and due to fiber terminations is explored and results are compared to that of a singularity due to the presence of a crack in the same region. A new dimensionless ratio, Δ is defined to compare the intensity of the singularities and the ratio shows that the stress field due to a crack of finite size is approximately twice that generated by free-edge singularities and 1.5 times as intense as the field generated by fiber terminations. For a range of material properties studied, it was found that the free-edge singularity was shown to effectively disappear as the ply angles decrease below ±15° or increase above ±85° and the fiber termination singularity was surprisingly insensitive to material properties. The results of this study suggest that singularities due to cracks dominate the stress field in the free-edge as compared to singularities at lamina discontinuities in equivalent media and fiber terminations.     

Numerical homogenization of textile composites based on shell element discretization

The paper presents a shell element based unit cell approach for numerical homogenization of fiber reinforced textile composites. The modeling strategy is set up within the framework of the Finite Element Method with special emphasis on numerical efficiency, which becomes particularly important in the perspective of non-linear implicit simulations. A single layer of fabric is considered and the tows as well as the unreinforced matrix pockets are discretized by shell elements which are coupled appropriately allowing for delamination between the constituents. The approach is discussed, and the linear as well as the geometrical non-linear mechanical response of an example fabric is compared to a continuum based discretization of the same fabric. Additionally, simulations including delaminations are conducted. The substantially improved numerical efficiency of the shell based approach is shown.     

Effective moduli of multi-scale composites

The effective moduli of a multi-scale composite are evaluated by a bottom-up (hierarchical) modeling approach. We focus on a two-scale structure in which the small scale includes a platelet array inside a matrix, and the large scale contains fibers inside a composite matrix. We demonstrate that the principal moduli of the multi-scale composite can be fine-tuned by the platelet arrangement and orientation. As a case study, we consider the phenomenon of fiber micro-buckling within the multi-scale composite. It is found that the compressive micro-buckling strength can be considerably increased for specific platelet orientations. The multi-scale design approach presented here can be used to generate novel families of composite materials with tunable mechanical properties.     

基于高斯金字塔的遥感云图多尺度特征提取

提出了一种针对可见光遥感图像云图的多尺度特征提取方法。该方法通过高斯金字塔将遥感云图分解到多尺度空间,以此为基础将图像的灰度特征进行多尺度延拓,从而得到图像的多尺度特征矢量。实验结果表明在相同的特征算法和分类器条件下,多尺度延拓能够提升分类精度,更加有效地实现云图和地物的分类。     

Influence of Scale Specific Features on the Progressive Damage of Woven Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs)

It is well known that failure of a material is a locally driven event. In the case of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), significant variations in the microstructure of the composite exist and their significance on both deformation and life response need to be assessed. Examples of these variations include changes in the fiber tow shape, tow shifting/nesting and voids within and between tows. In the present work, the influence of many of these scale specific architectural features of woven ceramic composite are examined stochastically at both the macroscale (woven repeating unit cell (RUC)) and structural scale (idealized using multiple RUCs). The recently developed MultiScale Generalized Method of Cells (MSGMC) methodology is used to determine the overall deformation response, proportional elastic limit (first matrix cracking), and failure under tensile loading conditions and associated probability distribution functions. Prior results showed that the most critical architectural parameter to account for is weave void shape and content with other parameters being less in severity. Current results show that statistically only the post-elastic limit region (secondary hardening modulus and ultimate tensile strength) is impacted by local uncertainties both at the macro and structural level.