纳米复合聚氯乙烯抗增塑剂迁移性能的研究

研究了纳米无机粒子复合改性半硬质聚氯乙烯片材中增塑剂在空气中的挥发损失和在甲苯中的迁移损失情况。结果发现，不同纳米粒子种类(CaCO3、SiO2、MMT)、形状以及添加量对增塑剂的迁移和挥发有着不同的影响,纳米粒子的复合改性提高了聚氯乙烯片材或薄膜的抗增塑剂迁移性能。     

静电纺丝及其在纳米级丝素纤维制品开发上的应用

介绍了静电纺丝的原理及纺丝工艺的主要参数对静电纺制品结构的影响，并着重阐述了静电纺丝在以再生丝素蛋白溶液为原料制备纳米级丝素纤维上的应用。最后分析了静电纺丝技术的发展前景。     

A single-layer flat-coil-oscillator (SFCO)-based super-broadband position sensor for nano-scale-resolution seismometry

A new class super-broadband, nano-scale-resolution position sensor is tested. It is used as an additional sensor in seismograph. It enables to extend the band and enhance the sensitivity of the available technique by at least an order of magnitude. It allows transferring of mechanical vibrations of constructions and buildings, with amplitudes over 1 nm, into detectable signal in a frequency range starting practically from quasi-static movements. It is based on detection of position changes of a vibrating normal-metallic plate placed near the flat coil—being used as a pick-up in a stable tunnel diode oscillator. Frequency of the oscillator is used as a detecting parameter, and the measuring effect is determined by a distortion of the MHz-range testing field configuration near a coil by a vibrating plate, leading to magnetic inductance changes of the coil, with a resolution 10 pH. This results in changes of oscillator frequency. We discuss test data of such a position sensor, installed in a Russian SM-3 seismometer, as an additional pick-up component, showing its advantages compared to traditional techniques. We also discuss the future of such a novel sensor involving substitution of a metallic coil by a superconductive one and replacement of a tunnel diode by an S/I/S hetero-structure-as much less-powered active element in the oscillator, compared to tunnel diode. These may strongly improve the stability of oscillators, and therefore enhance the resolution of seismic techniques.     

Non-Fourier thermal conduction in nano-scaled electronic structures

When very fast phenomena and small structure dimensions are involved, the classical law of Fourier becomes inaccurate. A more sophisticated model is then needed to describe the thermal conduction mechanisms in a physically acceptable way. In this paper the according diffusion equation is solved for a nano-scaled semiconductor substrate, in order to gain physical insight in the problem. Analytical solutions for the temperature and heat flux distributions are presented. The complex thermal impedance and thermal step response of the structure are discussed. The most remarkable fact is that the temperature inside the substrate can go below the ambient temperature for a short amount of time. The results also clearly demonstrate the wave character of the heat propagation and the analogy with RLC transmission lines. This work concerns a slightly extended version of a paper that was presented at the latest MIXDES Conference (Gdynia, Poland). It is submitted for the Special Issue MIXDES 2006 of the Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing journal upon invitation of the MIXDES Scientific Committee.     

用数字色彩修复和校正褪色的传统电影

胶片电影资料是我国重要的文化遗产。胶片电影需妥善保管,否则会损坏得很快。传统补救措施是用机械和化学方法,但是这些技术是无法弥补所有缺陷的。介绍用数字自动校正技术对褪色传统电影进行色彩还原,这种技术是基于现有的STRESS算法。为了解决相关的色彩信道问题,实施了一个预处理步骤。STRESS算法本身比传统的空间色彩算法更有效,不过很耗时间。为了加快速度,此算法必须超越图像的空间域,扩展到时间域。用这种方式,与单独处理每幅图像相比,计算时间可节约80%,而且所得到图像的视觉质量显著好于现有方法。     

纳米薄膜的制备技术及其膜厚表征方法进展

纳米薄膜材料是一种新型材料,由于其特殊的结构特点,使其作为功能材料和结构材料都具有良好的发展前景。本文综述当前纳米薄膜的制备技术,并针对这些成膜工艺,概括表征纳米薄膜厚度的常用方法。     

纳米级聚乙烯醇纤维毡的性能研究

着重研究了利用静电纺丝方法制备的聚乙烯醇纳米纤维毡（以下简称静电纺PVA纳米纤维毡）的透气性及其吸水性能。研究表明,由于静电纺PVA纤维毡结构紧密,其透气性能差,且不同的纺丝条件制备的静电纺PVA纤维毡的透气性也是不同的;静电纺PVA纤维毡和PVA烘干膜相比具有更好的吸水性能。     

Ethanol-induced formation of precursor for 8 mol% Yttria-stabilized zirconia: Towards the production of well-dispersed,easily sintering,and high-conductivity nano-powders

This study aims to prepare novel precursor powders for 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia nano-powders. Precursor powders were extracted from the ethanol-water solution, which utilizes the changing solvation energy for different ions impacted by ethanol. An aqueous solution containing zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate and yttrium sulfate octahydrate was mixed with different volumes of ethanol to prepare precursor powders, then calcinating to obtain 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia nano-powders. The scanning electron microscope and particle size measurements for precursor powders suggested that the ideal volume ratio between ethanol and the aqueous solution was 2.5, corresponding to the complete precipitation and well-dispersion. The X-ray diffraction measurements, crystallization kinetics calculations, and scanning electron microscope after calcinating precursor powders indicated the successful formation of 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia powders and the particle growth through a one-dimensional growth mechanism in the 60–120 nm size range. The densification experiments and electrochemical performance measurements after sintering 8YSZ nano-powders showed high density and high ionic conductivity compared with commercial powders. An efficient process, successfully designed to achieve the commercial requirement, was used to prepare 8YSZ nano-powders.