Modeling and control of Wiener-type processes

We develop a simple relay feedback method to identify Wiener-type nonlinear processes. It separates the identification problem of the nonlinear static function from that of the linear dynamic subsystem to simplify the identification procedure significantly. Owing to the separation, the unmeasurable output of the linear dynamic subsystem can be obtained in a straightforward manner. Then, determining the model structure of the nonlinear static function becomes very simple and the estimates are robust to additive output noises. We can identify the whole activated region of the nonlinear static function as well as the ultimate information of the linear dynamic subsystem from only one relay feedback test. More information on the linear dynamic subsystem can be estimated by well-established linear system identification methods from additional tests. We use a nonlinear control strategy to compensate the nonlinear dynamics of the Wiener process so that the design parameters can be determined by usual tuning rules developed for linear processes and a high control performance can be achievable as in linear processes.     

A STUDY OF EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN OPTIMALITY FOR WIENER SYSTEMS

In the context of nonlinear dynamic system identification for Hammerstein systems, Rollins et al. (2003a) studied the information efficiency of the following two competing experimental design approaches: statistical design of experiments (SDOE) and pseudo-random sequences design (PRSD). The focus of this study is the Wiener system and evaluates SDOE against PRS under D-optimal efficiency. Three cases are evaluated and the results strongly support SDOE as the better approach.     

Capillary jet instability under the influence of gravity

The focus of this paper is on the effect of gravity stretching on disturbed capillary jet instability. Break-up and droplet formation under low flows are simulated using finite difference solution of a one-dimensional approximation of disturbed capillary jet instability chosen from the work by Eggers and Dupont (J. Fluid Mech. 155 (1994) 289). Experiments were conducted using water and aqueous glycerol solutions to compare with simulations. We use a gravity parameter, G, which quantifies gravity stretching by relating flow velocity, orifice size and acceleration and is the reciprocal of the Froude number. The optimum disturbance frequency was found to be inversely proportional to G. However, this relationship appears to be complex for the range of G's investigated. At low G, the relationship between and G appears to be linear but takes on a weakly decaying like trend as G increases. As flows are lowered, the satellite-free regime decreases, although experimental observation found that merging of main and satellite drops sometimes offset this effect to result in monodispersed droplet trains post break-up. Viscosity did not significantly affect the relationship between the disturbance frequency and G, although satellite drops could be seen more clearly close to the upper limit for instability at high G's. It is possible to define regimes of satellite formation under low flows by considering local wavenumbers at the point of instability.     

Synthesis and properties of an alkoxysilane dye containing three electronic donor groups for nonlinear optical applications

In order to obtain an efficient hybrid inorganic–organic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, an azo-dye containing three electronic donor groups 2,5-dimethyl-4-(4′-nitrophenylazo)phenol (DMNPAP) was synthesized and reacted with 3-isocyanatopropyl triethoxysilane (ICTES) to give an alkoxysilane dye (ICTES–DMNPAP). Molecular structural characterizations for DMNPAP and ICTES–DMNPAP were investigated by elemental analysis, ¹H NMR, FTIR, UV–visible spectra and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The alkoxysilane dye could be hydrolyzed and polymerized in the presence of water, and then transparent hybrid films could be fabricated by spin coating on the indium–tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrates. Compared with the dye 4-nitro-4′-hydroxy-azobenzene (NHA) containing only one hydroxyl as donor group, DMNPAP exhibited larger β_CTμ_g value measured by solvatochromic method, and second harmonic generation (SHG) measurement of the hybrid films was in agreement with the result.     

PROBING HIDDEN POLYMERIC INTERFACES USINGIR-VISIBLE SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION SPECTROSCOPY

Understanding the molecular-level processes underlying interfacial phenomena is important in the area of adhesion. We briefly introduce IR-visible sum-frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG) using a total-internal-reflection geometry for the study of polymer-air, polymer-solid, and polymer-polymer interfaces. The following examples, predominantly of work done in our lab, illustrating differences in molecular structure and dynamic properties at interfaces are presented: the air- and solid-interface structure of an amorphous polystyrene (PS) and a semicrystalline polymer with side-chain crystallinity, poly(octadecyl acrylate) (PA-18); structure of a polymer-polymer interface between thin films of a semicrystalline polymer with side-chain crystallinity, poly(vinyl-N-octadecylcarbamate- co-vinyl acetate), and an amorphous PS; thermal order-to-disorder transitions of the air and solid interface of PA-18, and the interface of this polymer with PS; and dynamic surface-relaxation studies of a rubbed PS film.     

用GA、PCA和改进SVM相结合进行车辆实时分类

用GA、PCA和改进SVM结合进行车辆实时分类研究对公路管理和控制具有实际应用意义和社会效益。在某公路的匝道口两侧设置了8个测试点,对通过匝道口的车辆进行测试,提取特征向量,采用声波和振地波信号在匝道口进行了实时分类测试研究。由于特征向量的维数太高,用GA和PCA降低特征向量的维数,再用SVM和改进的SVM对特征向量进行分类,大大提高了分类精度。通过实验及分类得到声波和振地波的测试集分类精度最高分别是92.0%和76.1%,同时声波和振地波特征向量的维数降低至26和21,其相应的比率分别为95%和99%,独立集的分类精度分别为87.5%和71.3%。实验表明:用改进的SVM和GA、PCA结合的方法进行分类,其效果要优于单独使用主成分分析(PCA)、遗传算法(GA)以及它俩的结合使用的方法。     

基于KSVD和PCA的SAR图像目标特征提取

提出一种基于核的奇异值分解(KSVD)与主成分分析(PCA)相结合的SAR图像目标的组合特征提取方法。该方法首先利用核的奇异值分解得到图像非线性的代数特征,然后进一步经过PCA变换得到图像的最终分类特征。实验中,将本文提出的KSVD+PCA两步特征提取方法与PCA、SVD、KPCA、KSVD方法分别结合简单、快速的最近邻分类器在MSTAR坦克数据上进行了比较,实验结果表明,KSVD+PCA方法不仅有效地提高了目标的正确识别率,而且大大降低了对目标方位的敏感度,在目标方位信息未知的情况下,识别率可达到95.75%,是一种有效的SAR图像目标特征提取方法。     

基于小波变换和主分量分析的人脸识别

提出了基于小波变换和主分量分析的人脸识别算法.该算法首先用小波变换对人脸图像进行小波分解,形成低频小波子图,然后用主分量分析法构造特征脸子空间,将人脸图像在特征空间的投影作为KNN分类器的输入,由KNN分类器对提取的特征进行识别.在ORL人脸数据库上的实验结果表明该方法具有良好的性能.     

产品多粒度层次可拆卸性评价模型与方法

为了解决复杂产品可拆卸性分析问题,根据复杂产品层次性的特点,提出产品多粒度层次可拆卸性评价模型,该模型描述了从产品层到设计单元层的评价指标,并给出各指标的量化方法和准则.先用拆卸熵进行产品层的粗粒度评价;然后利用时间因子法构建设计单元层评价矩阵.为降低评价矩阵维数和消除评价指标信息冗余,采用主成分分析法对设计单元进行细粒度综合评价.通过分析评价结果进行反馈以指导设计和拆卸回收.以全自动洗衣机为例,运用提出的方法对其进行分析评价,并将结果用于指导产品的设计修改和拆卸回收,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

可信计算平台AIK证书的生成研究与实现

可信平台模块（Trusted Platform Module,TPM）是可信计算的核心,为建立可信终端提供了可信根。在可信平台模块中管理着5种不同类型的密钥,AIK是这些密钥中较为重要的一种。在对AIK的生成原理进行深入研究与分析的基础上,利用OpenSSL的开源密码算法搭建隐私CA,模拟了PCA颁发AIK证书的过程。