Qualitative estimation of camera motion parameters from the linear composition of optical flow

In this paper, we propose a new method for estimating camera motion parameters based on optical flow models. Camera motion parameters are generated using linear combinations of optical flow models. The proposed method first creates these optical flow models, and then linear decompositions are performed on the input optical flows calculated from adjacent images in the video sequence, which are used to estimate the coefficients of each optical flow model. These coefficients are then applied to the parameters used to create each optical flow model, and the camera motion parameters implied in the adjacent images can be estimated through a linear composition of the weighted parameters.We demonstrated that the proposed method estimates the camera motion parameters accurately and at a low computational cost as well as robust to noise residing in the video sequence being analyzed.     

Harmonic solution of semiconductor transport equations for microwave and millimetre-wave device modelling

The hydrodynamic transport equations for charges in a semiconductor have been solved for a periodic excitation by means of a harmonic approach, in order to model microwave and millimetre-wave active devices. The solution is based on the expansion of physical variables in a Fourier series in the time domain, and on discretisation in the space domain. A waveform-balance technique in the TD is used to solve the nonlinear equations system. This approach allows for a longer time step with respect to standard TD solutions for most cases of interest, greatly reducing simulation time by at least two orders of magnitude in typical cases. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 14: 36–48, 2004.     

Multistage solid-state power amplifier design by a new alternative synthesis technique

For the first time, the numerical real-frequency technique has been applied to the design of a nonlinear power amplifier. This synthesis technique does not require any transistor model by directly using measured large-signal S-parameters of the power transistor device. The double power-frequency dependence of these S-parameters requires the use of a bidimensional interpolation (spline functions). With the Levenberg–Marquardt optimization and large-signal S-parameters, a specific CAD program optimizes the added-power in order to synthesize the matching networks of the PA. The simulated and measured results of two S-band power amplifiers validate the new synthesis approach. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 14, 87–98, 2004.     

双卧轴振动搅拌机振动搅拌叶片参数的计算

分析了双卧轴振动搅拌机的机构特点及其工作原理,建立了合理的振动搅拌叶片的数学模型;并通过对模型的分析和计算,得到了叶片固有频率、弹性常数和计算质量的计算公式,可以较准确地求出振动搅拌叶片的各参数.     

Vibratory characteristics of flexural non-uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams carrying an arbitrary number of spring–mass systems

A new exact method for the analysis of free flexural vibrations of non-uniform multi-step Euler–Bernoulli beams carrying an arbitrary number of single-degree-of-freedom and two-degree-of-freedom spring–mass systems is presented in this paper. The closed-form solutions for free vibrations of non-uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams are derived for five important cases. Then, using the massless equivalent springs to replace the spring–mass systems and the fundamental solutions developed in this paper, the frequency equation for free flexural vibrations of a multi-step non-uniform beam with any kind of support configurations and carrying an arbitrary number of spring–mass systems can be conveniently established from a second-order determinant. The proposed method is computationally efficient due to the significant decrease in the determinant order as compared with previously developed procedures.     

Repair of notched beam under dynamic load using piezoelectric patch

In this paper, the repair of a cracked beam under an external dynamic load employing the electro-mechanical characteristic of piezoelectric material to induce a local moment is presented. Conceptually, an external voltage is applied to actuate a piezoelectric patch bonded on the beam to effect closure of a crack so that the singularity at the crack tip under dynamic load may be decreased. Globally, this has the effect of altering the resonant frequency of the cracked beam towards that of the healthy beam, which is the criterion used for the repair. To demonstrate the repair methodology, a cantilever beam is used as an illustration, where the repair moment coefficient and the voltage required are mathematically derived. The relationship between repair moment coefficient, crack parameters and length of piezoelectric patch is investigated. The difference between the proposed repair criterion and an earlier published criterion for cracked beam under static load is also shown. A numerical example is used to study the effectiveness of the proposed repair methodology and its results are compared with those from 3-D finite element analyses using ABAQUS 6.4 as one means of verification.     

Method for the evaluation of optical encoders performance under vibration

Optical encoders are the preferred choice for position measurement, both linear and angular, when high accuracy is required. Their performance is widely affected by deformation, temperature and vibration. This last aspect is analysed, showing the limitations found in conventional methods of performance evaluation. The determining parameters, such as sweep type, sampling rate, trigger etc. are examined and a final diagram of measuring accuracy versus frequency is presented, where aspects as resonance effects and measuring uncertainty are identified and discussed. Experimental analyses have been made in a commercial linear optical encoder and show that its measuring error is three times its precision, and wide areas of large measuring uncertainty are present in the frequency span. The information obtained through this method can be used to improve encoder design and mounting conditions in the machine, reducing the total error.     

Compact diffractive interferometric displacement sensor in reflection

A displacement measurement technology of diffractive interferometry has been developed in the objective of miniaturization. The interference principle has been implemented in the form of a miniature read head prototype according to a novel device configuration after a discussion on the fabrication and mouting tolerances has been made conducting to a high resolution micro-optical encoder. A read-out grating acting simultaneously as a subwavelength and a two order grating enables the miniaturization of a diffractive interferometric optical displacement sensor of the reflection type.     

铝合金超声疲劳行为研究

研究LY10、LY12、2219、6061和AS5U3G—Y35五种铝合金的超声疲劳行为。获得的6条S-N曲线显示，铝合金在10^7～10^10疲劳周次区间仍然发生疲劳断裂，N=10^10时的疲劳强度显著低于N=10^7时的疲劳强度。断口分析表明，铝合金对表面完整性极其敏感。与黑色金属和钛合金不同，铝合金试件在极高周次疲劳中，裂纹仍然主要由表面或次表面起裂。铝合金试件的疲劳断口没有发现明显的“鱼眼”现象和黑影区。超声频率下极高的应变速率和位错移动速率增加了脆性质点开裂和沉淀相的溶解现象，引起微观组织局部失效，从而形成疲劳裂纹的萌生和扩展。     

使用低精度光学陀螺进行地速测量的实验研究

介绍一种基于调制锵调原理和线性系统理论，使用光学陀螺测量地速的简单方法，简称矢量调制法。矢量调制法使用机械转动方法，将地速信号在光纤陀螺之前调制成为正弦波，由于线性传感器的频率保持性和叠加特性，在光纤陀螺之后对输出信号解调，将得到准确的地速响应，由此去除常见的测量误差。初步试验表明，使用低精度光纤陀螺能够测量地球自转角速率，从2～9mY直流量和范围（-18mV，1mV）的噪声、干扰中分离出地速响应，与计算值0.03mV接近。