MEH-PPV薄膜及其与金属喹啉配合物共混薄膜光伏特性的研究

研究了电子聚合物MEH PPV及其与金属喹啉配合物BAlq共混薄膜的光伏特性。测试结果表明:(1)共混膜中MEH PPV与BAlq发生了纳米级的相分离并形成互相渗透的结构,十分有利于光生激子离解为空穴和电子的过程及载流子在薄膜内的输运;(2)共混后的聚合物光伏器件的短路电流比共混前提高了200余倍。     

Estimating the Removal of Anthropogenic Organic Chemicals from Raw Drinking Water by Coagulation Flocculation

A mathematical model was developed to estimate the efficacy of coagulation–flocculation treatment for removing neutral hydrophobic organic chemicals from raw drinking water. The model assumed that the only significant removal mechanism was the destabilization and settling of organic matter containing sorbed anthropogenic organic compounds. The model was validated with standard jar tests using compounds with a range of hydrophobicities (log?Kow = 1.89?to?5.48), including contaminant candidate list chemicals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and endocrine disrupting chemicals. Final concentrations of test compounds after coagulation and flocculation were in good agreement with model estimations for synthetic waters composed of Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI) humic acid solutions. The final compound concentrations in coagulated natural waters from two drinking water reservoirs were about 80% lower than those estimated with the model. Overestimations of treated water concentrations by the model were attributed to an increase in sorption by natural organic matter when coiled in aluminum hydroxide flocs, compared to sorption to dispersed natural organic matter in untreated water.     

Blue-emitting cyanuric acid-melamine complexes from urea thermolysis

Novel blue-emitting cyanuric acid-melamine complexes CA_x·M_1−x (x = 0.8-0.9) have been prepared by a simple two-step procedure from urea. Relatively strong and pure blue-light emission with a maximum at 470 nm was observed from these complexes. These complexes are very promising light-emitting materials due to their good thermal stability.     

Study on the instability of organic field-effect transistors based on fluorinated copper phthalocyanine

The effects of positive and negative gate-bias stress on organic field-effect transistors (OFET) based on tantalum (Ta)/tantalum pentoxide (Ta₂O₅)/fluorinated copper phthalocyanine (F₁₆CuPc) structure are investigated as a function of stress time and stress temperature. It is shown that gate-bias stress induces a parallel threshold voltage shift (ΔV_T) of OFETs without changes of field-effect mobility μ_EF and sub-threshold slope (ΔS). The ΔV_T is observed to be logarithmically dependent on time at high gate-bias appropriate to OFET operation. More importantly, the shift is directional, namely, be large shift under positive stress and almost do not move under negative stress. The threshold voltage shift is temperature dependent with activation energy of 0.51 eV. We concluded that threshold voltage shift of the OFET with F₁₆CuPc as active layer is due to charge trapping in the insulator in which trapped carriers have redistribution.     

Treatment of High Nitrate-Containing Wastewaters by Sequential Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Denitrification

The treatment performance of sequential heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification process was evaluated using synthetic wastewaters containing high nitrate concentrations. The effluents from two sequentially connected reactors, for heterotrophic denitrification and sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification, were analyzed for more than 200 days. Experimental results indicated that higher than 95% of the nitrate removal could be achieved with volumetric nitrate loading rates of 2.16, 3.24, and 4.32 kg/m3?d. The maximum denitrification rates, with 1,000 mgN/l influent nitrate concentrations, for the heterotrophic and sulfur-packed autotrophic reactors, were found to be 2.47 and 3.61 kg/m3?d, respectively. A sequential heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification process is considered a good alternative for the sole autotrophic denitrification process, providing excellent nitrate removal, especially for nitrate-rich wastewaters with very low organic contents.     

Improved Anaerobic Process Efficiency Using Mesophilic and Thermophilic Elutriated Phased Treatment

An innovative anaerobic digestion elutriated phased treatment (ADEPT) has been evaluated at mesophilic (M-ADEPT) (35°C) and thermophilic (T-ADEPT) (55°C) temperatures in which the organic loading rate (OLR) was increased until reactor failure (pH<5.5). Single-stage continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) at both temperatures were also operated as controls (M-CSTR for 35°C and T-CSTR for 55°C). The T-CSTR failed at an OLR of 7.4 g volatile solid (VS)/L?day and the M-CSTR at an OLR of 10 g VS/L?day while the M-ADEPT continued until an OLR of 18 g VS/L?day and the T-ADEPT reached an OLR of 24 g VS/L?day before system failure. The T-CSTR produced the poorest effluent quality as manifested by high propionate concentrations (1,500–2,500 mg/L) while both M-ADEPT and T-ADEPT produced much better quality of effluent with propionate concentrations below 100 mg/L. Thus it appears that the T-ADEPT design may solve effluent quality problems associated with normally high propionate concentrations produced during thermophilic anaerobic digestion. Superior effluent quality, reduced reactor volume requirements, more stable methanogenesis due to the extended solids retention time, and uncoupling of the methanogen wasting from the refractory sludge wasting process resulted in stable and efficient processing at both temperatures for the innovative ADEPT design. Because the higher amounts of volatile fatty acids produced in the acid elutriation phase of the ADEPT system can be a favorable carbon source for biological nutrient removal in wastewater treatment plants, this positive aspect should be considered in future applications of the ADEPT system.     

基于超大电容器储能的独立光伏系统的建模研究

Eestor电容功率密度大、能量密度高且使用安全无污染,是理想的储能器件。设计了一种基于Eestor电容储能的独立光伏系统的系统模型,建立其小信号模型,用Simulink仿真对其运行特性进行了分析,结果表明,系统在光伏输入功率大幅波动以及负载突变时具有很好的稳定性,为其进一步应用于可再生能源发电系统提供了参考。     

可测试性在光电雷达检测设备中的应用

简要分析了某型飞机光电雷达的工作过程,给出了基于虚拟仪器技术的光电雷达综合参数检测设备的软、硬件设计,重点阐述了可测试性设计在系统设计中的一般过程,以及在本设备中的应用.机内测试技术(B IT)在本设备中的应用,使设备内部具备检测和隔离故障的自动测试能力,从而有效地提高研制设备的可维修性、可用性、可靠性.     

十红滩铀矿床有机地球化学特征及与铀成矿作用

十红滩铀矿床属层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床,赋存于中侏罗统西山窑组含煤碎屑岩中。容矿层岩石中富含有机质,有机碳、可溶有机物、酸解吸附烃在不同地球化学分带的岩石中含量大小不同,尤以氧化还原过渡带含量最高。矿石有机质母质类型为腐殖型,处于未成熟演化阶段,酸解吸附烃为煤成气型。统计计算表明:容矿层中铀和可溶有机物、酸解吸附烃含量之间具明显的相关关系。分析了有机质在砂岩型铀矿床形成过程中的作用,认为容矿层中有机质在含氧环境下分解的产物利于铀在水中的溶解和迁移,而在缺氧条件下分解的产物,构成铀沉淀的还原和吸附地球化学障,在铀的成矿过程中发挥重要的作用。