Early Lipid Raft-Related Changes: Interplay between Unilateral Denervation and Hindlimb Suspension

Muscle disuse and denervation leads to muscle atrophy, but underlying mechanisms can be different. Previously, we have found ceramide (Cer) accumulation and lipid raft disruption after acute hindlimb suspension (HS), a model of muscle disuse. Herein, using biochemical and fluorescent approaches the influence of unilateral denervation itself and in combination with short-term HS on membrane-related parameters of rat soleus muscle was studied. Denervation increased immunoexpression of sphingomyelinase and Cer in plasmalemmal regions, but decreased Cer content in the raft fraction and enhanced lipid raft integrity. Preliminary denervation suppressed (1) HS-induced Cer accumulation in plasmalemmal regions, shown for both nonraft and raft-fractions; (2) HS-mediated decrease in lipid raft integrity. Similar to denervation, inhibition of the sciatic nerve afferents with capsaicin itself increased Cer plasmalemmal immunoexpression, but attenuated the membrane-related effects of HS. Finally, both denervation and capsaicin treatment increased immunoexpression of proapoptotic protein Bax and inhibited HS-driven increase in antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Thus, denervation can increase lipid raft formation and attenuate HS-induced alterations probably due to decrease of Cer levels in the raft fraction. The effects of denervation could be at least partially caused by the loss of afferentation. The study points to the importance of motor and afferent inputs in control of Cer distribution and thereby stability of lipid rafts in the junctional and extrajunctional membranes of the muscle.     

The Complex and Critical Role of Glycine 12 (G12) in Beta-Connexins of Human Skin

Glycine is an amino acid with unique properties because its side chain is composed of a single hydrogen atom. It confers conformational flexibility to proteins and conserved glycines are often indicative of protein domains involving tight turns or bends. All six beta-type connexins expressed in human epidermis (Cx26, Cx30, Cx30.3, Cx31, Cx31.1 and Cx32) contain a glycine at position 12 (G12). G12 is located about halfway through the cytoplasmic amino terminus and substitutions alter connexin function in a variety of ways, in some cases altering protein interactions and leading to cell death. There is also evidence that alteration of G12 changes the structure of the amino terminus in connexin- and amino acid- specific ways. This review integrates structural, functional and physiological information about the role of G12 in connexins, focusing on beta-connexins expressed in human epidermis. The importance of G12 substitutions in these beta-connexins is revealed in two hereditary skin disorders, keratitis ichthyosis and erythrokeratodermia variabilis, both of which result from missense mutations affecting G12.     

基于改进指针网络的卫星对地观测任务规划方法

针对卫星观测任务规划问题约束复杂、求解空间大和输入任务序列长度不固定的特点,使用深度强化学习（DRL）方法对卫星观测任务规划问题进行求解. 综合考虑时间窗口约束、任务间转移机动时间和卫星电量、存储约束,对卫星观测任务规划问题进行建模. 基于指针网络（PN）的运行机制建立序列决策算法模型,使用Mask向量来考虑卫星观测任务规划问题中的各类约束,并通过Actor Critic强化学习算法对模型进行训练,以获得最大的收益率. 借鉴多头注意力（MHA）机制的思想对PN进行改进,提出多头注意力指针网络（MHA-PN）算法. 根据实验结果可以看出,MHA-PN算法显著提高了模型的训练速度和泛化性能,训练好的MHA-PN算法模型可以直接对输入序列进行端到端的推理,避免传统启发式算法迭代求解的过程,具有较高的求解效率.     

基于FPGA的PN码捕获和跟踪技术的研究与实现

研究了在直接序列扩频通信中基于FPGA的基带PN码(扩频码)的捕获跟踪技术。在PN码解调中,介绍了串并混合的捕获方案和基于迟早门的跟踪方案。以Quartus II作为平台采用Verilog HDL的硬件描述语言进行设计,并进行了Modelsim的仿真测试,最终下载到具体FPGA器件进行了基带的传输测试。     

Analysis of junction temperatures in high-power GaN-based LEDs

We presented the analysis of the incomplete conduction in bonding medium in high power GaN-based light-emitting diode (LED) packages. A numerical study was carried out with parametric model to understand the junction temperature variation due to bonding medium defects. Transient thermal measurement was performed to evaluate LED’s junction temperature. Thermal resistance from chip to lead frame was 20 K/W in our sample LED. It was suggested that only 60% of the surface area of the bonding medium was involved...     

几种线连接耦合损耗因子的计算

根据直线连接耦合损耗因子的计算理论,推导出了折线连接、弧线连接、任意曲线连接耦合损耗因子的计算公式。通过数值仿真,建立了直线连接、折线连接、弧线连接和任意曲线连接耦合系统模型,并对这4种形式连接的耦合损耗因子进行了数值计算。建立了轿车统计能量分析模型,并对轿车各个相邻子系统进行耦合,算出了轿车各子系统间线连接耦合损耗因子。     

深海海底观测网络水下接驳盒原型系统设计与实现

为实现深海海底观测网络的长期连续观测,设计一套基于水下接驳技术的接驳盒原型系统.通过分析接驳盒体系结构,采用多个耐压密封腔体作为水下接驳盒的机电集成封装结构,完成耐压腔体机械结构和散热结构设计.在实验的基础上,利用MOSFET器件以输入串联和输出并联相结合的方式,把2kV高压直流电转换为400V中压直流电,实现深海远距离高压直流电能传输.针对深海观测仪器设备通信的实时性要求,采用基于TCP/IP的光以太网技术和应用层自定义协议技术来实现通信控制.实验验证了在40MPa下,水下接驳盒原型系统能够正常工作.该水下接驳盒原型系统合理且实用,为实现深海海底观测网络的长期连续观测提供了技术支撑.     

一种应用于故障诊断中的高效推理算法

针对经典联合树推理算法的信息传播共享和推理时间等问题, 提出一种高效联合树推理算法. 该算法基于获得的证据信息和查询节点对原始的网络结构化简, 然后在化简后的网络结构上进行联合树推理. 在信息传递过程中, 该算法可以实现不同证据下的信息共享. 经仿真验证, 高效联合树算法能够在保证准确率的同时, 以更短的时间作出诊断推理. 基于现场收集的数据, 建立水泥回转窑故障诊断系统模型并应用改进的算法实现了精准且快的故障诊断.

     

松花江依兰航电枢纽平面布置研究

根据1∶100物理模型试验成果,从泄流能力、船闸上下游口门区、连接段通航水流条件以及发电水头等方面,对枢纽不同布置方案进行分析和比较,并在此基础上进行优化,提出了满足主体建筑物正常安全运行要求的优化方案.     

海上移动信道分析及抗多径接收机设计与仿真

海上舰船之间的通信通常工作在复杂的信道环境下,通信距离可远可近,不仅存在强的敌方恶意干扰,由于受地球弧度和海浪、船只等的遮挡,还存在深衰落和多径效应,因此设计海上通信系统时需要充分考虑这些不利因素的影响.针对海上移动信道的路径衰减特性,提出利用Longley-Rice模型建立海上移动信道模型,并对信道衰减模型进行了数值仿真;分析了多径对扩频系统伪码捕获的影响,提出利用Rake接收技术改善接收机的抗多径性能,并设计了一个Rake接收机结构,最后进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明所设计的Rake接收机具有良好的抗多径能力,能够满足海上通信的需要.