具备反向学习和局部学习能力的粒子群算法

为解决粒子群优化（Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO）算法中存在的种群多样性和收敛性之间的矛盾,该文提出了一种具备反向学习和局部学习能力的粒子群优化算法（Reverse-learning and Local-learning PSO,RLPSO）。该算法保留了初始种群中满足排异距离要求的多个较差粒子以及每个粒子的历史最差位置。当检测到算法陷入局部最优时,利用这些较差粒子的位置信息指导部分粒子以较快飞行速度进行反向学习,将其迅速牵引出局部最优区域。反向学习过程可改善粒子种群的多样性,保证了算法的全局探测能力;同时,利用较优粒子间的差分结果指导最优粒子进行局部学习与搜索,该过程可与粒子群的飞行过程并行执行,且局部学习的缩放因子可随进化过程动态调节。局部学习可提高算法的求解精度,保证算法的迅速收敛。实验结果表明,RLPSO 算法同其他 PSO 算法相比,在高维函数优化中具有收敛速度快、求解精度高的特点。     

Detection of delamination in laminated composites with limited measurements combining PCA and dynamic QPSO

This paper presents an output only damage diagnostic algorithm based on frequency response functions and the principal components for health monitoring of laminated composite structures. The principal components evaluated from frequency response data, are employed as dynamical invariants to handle the effects of operational/environmental variability on the dynamic response of the structure. Finite element models of a laminated composite beam and plate are used to generate vibration data for healthy and damaged structures. Three numerical examples include a laminated composite beam, cantilever plate made of carbon–epoxy and a laminated composite simply supported plate. Varied levels of delamination of laminated composite plies and matrix cracking at varied locations in the plies are simulated at different spatial locations of the structure. Numerical investigations have been carried out to identify the spatial location of damage using the proposed principal component analysis (PCA) based algorithm. In order to limit the number of sensors on the structure, an optimal sensor placement algorithm based on PCA is employed in the present work and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with a limited number of sensors is also investigated. Finally, the inverse problem associated with the detection of delamination and matrix cracking is formulated as an optimization problem and is solved using the newly developed dynamic quantum particle swarm optimization (DQPSO) algorithm. Studies carried out and presented in this paper clearly indicate that the proposed SHM scheme can robustly identify the instant of damage, spatial location, the extent of delamination and matrix cracking even with limited sensor measurements and also with noisy data.     

基于动态PSO的WSNs发音节点定位研究

发音节点定位是无线传感器网络(WSN)一项重要的监控任务.为定位发音节点位置的极大似然估计解(MLE),通过分析栅格策略,基于此提出了动态粒子群优化(PSO)的算法,该算法在降低计算量的同时,减少了损失函数局部最优解的影响.另外,相对于原始数据,节点仅仅将信号的能量量测发送到融合中心,大大降低了对通信带宽和能量的消耗.在多种场景下进行了对比仿真,实验结果验证了该算法的优越性能.     

自适应动态重组多目标粒子群优化算法

提出一种自适应动态重组粒子群优化算法. 该算法采用凝聚的层次聚类算法, 将种群分成若干个子群体, 用一个精英集对非支配解进行存储; 根据贡献度和多样性, 对各子群体的粒子和整个种群进行自适应动态重组; 同时引入扰动算子对精英集存储的非支配解进行扰动, 实现对精英集进行动态调整. 利用具有不同特点的测试函数进行验证并与同类算法相比较, 结果表明, 所提出的算法可加快收敛速度, 提高种群的可进化能力.

     

Optimal design of a 3D-printed scaffold using intelligent evolutionary algorithms

Fabrication of three-dimensional structures has gained increasing importance in the bone tissue engineering (BTE) field. Mechanical properties and permeability are two important requirement for BTE scaffolds. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds are highly dependent on the processing parameters. Layer thickness, delay time between spreading each powder layer, and printing orientation are the major factors that determine the porosity and compression strength of the 3D printed scaffold.In this study, the aggregated artificial neural network (AANN) was used to investigate the simultaneous effects of layer thickness, delay time between spreading each layer, and print orientation of porous structures on the compressive strength and porosity of scaffolds. Two optimization methods were applied to obtain the optimal 3D parameter settings for printing tiny porous structures as a real BTE problem. First, particle swarm optimization algorithm was implemented to obtain the optimum topology of the AANN. Then, Pareto front optimization was used to determine the optimal setting parameters for the fabrication of the scaffolds with required compressive strength and porosity. The results indicate the acceptable potential of the evolutionary strategies for the controlling and optimization of the 3DP process as a complicated engineering problem.     

Position control of electro-hydraulic actuator system using fuzzy logic controller optimized by particle swarm optimization

The position control system of an electro-hydraulic actuator system (EHAS) is investigated in this paper. The EHAS is developed by taking into consideration the nonlinearities of the system: the friction and the internal leakage. A variable load that simulates a realistic load in robotic excavator is taken as the trajectory reference. A method of control strategy that is implemented by employing a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) whose parameters are optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The scaling factors of the fuzzy inference system are tuned to obtain the optimal values which yield the best system performance. The simulation results show that the FLC is able to track the trajectory reference accurately for a range of values of orifice opening. Beyond that range, the orifice opening may introduce chattering, which the FLC alone is not sufficient to overcome. The PSO optimized FLC can reduce the chattering significantly. This result justifies the implementation of the proposed method in position control of EHAS.     

基于粒子群算法的PID神经网络解耦控制

基于粒子群的优化算法具有对整个参数空间进行高效并行搜索的特点以及PID神经网络的自调节和自适应特性,设计了具有PID结构的多变量自适应神经网络控制器。该算法采用粒子群算法优化PID神经网络初始权值,并将优化后的最优初始权值控制非线性耦合系统。系统仿真结果表明,粒子群优化后的PID神经网络控制器具有逼近控制目标更快、响应时间较短的显著优点。该控制策略可在大范围内克服系统的非线性和强耦合问题,具有一定的理论研究价值和工程实用价值。     

基于免疫粒子群算法的参数估计方法

针对污水生化反应模型参数估计问题,提出一种基于免疫粒子群算法的估计方法。该方法采用免疫算法保持粒子群的多样性,避免粒子群算法的过早收敛而降低寻优能力。利用估计的参数值对实验数据进行拟合,仿真结果表明,拟合误差率低于标准的粒子群和遗传算法,进一步提高了污水生化反应模型参数估计精度。     

一种改进的PID参数整定的研究及仿真

传统PID控制由于依赖于对象的数学模型和控制参数难以精确整定,使其很难适应具有非线性系统的控制。针对非线性系统,本文提出了一种结合免疫的思想改进PSO的PID的控制算法,从而解决PID控制的鲁棒性差及受模型限制的问题,并结合了Matlab强大的矩阵计算和系统仿真功能,对文中实例的PID参数进行了优化整定。仿真结果表明,该控制算法有较强的抗干扰和适应参数变化及鲁棒性和自适应性。     

基于PSO的属性选择方法

为了减少实例对属性选择的影响,本文提出了基于PSO的属性选择方法。该方法主要利用PSO算法求实例群的最优熵值,获得相应的属性阈值,并利用阈值确定属性的优先级,最后按优先级进行选择。在实验中,通过确定本体中概念属性的优先级来验证所提算法的性能。实验结果表明,该方法减少了对实例的依赖,计算量也相对减少。