Application of evolutionary optimisers in data-based calibration of Activated Sludge Models

Modelling activated sludge systems has become an accepted practice in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) design, teaching and research, and Activated Sludge Models (ASM) are by far the most widely used models for activated sludge systems. In most ASM applications, calibration is based on more or less ad-hoc and trial and error approaches. Calibration of the ASMs remains the weakest link in the overall process of modelling biological wastewater treatment. In this paper, a calibration approach is proposed where the need for expert knowledge and modeller effort is significantly reduced. The calibration approach combines identifiability analysis and evolutionary optimisers to automate the ASM calibration. Identifiability analysis is used to deal with poor identifiability of the model structures and evolutionary optimisers are used to identify the model parameters. The applied evolutionary optimisers are Genetic Algorithms and Differential Evolution. Performance of the evolutionary optimisers is compared with a previously proposed calibration approach based on Monte Carlo simulations. All methods were capable of calibrating the model when given enough computation time. However, some of the evolutionary optimisation methods had an advantage in terms of computation time against the Monte Carlo method.     

三菱A700系列变频器的设计与应用 第6讲 基于A700变频器的恒压供水系统

恒压供水调速系统实现水泵电机无级调速,依据用水量的变化自动调节系统的运行参数,以满足用水要求,是先进、合理的节能型供水系统。本项目通过充分利用变频器内置的各种功能,对合理设计变频调速恒压供水设备,降低成本,保证产品质量等方面有着非常重要的意义。     

广义三次DP曲线

给出一组带有两个形状参数的三次多项式基函数,它是三次DP基函数的扩展;分析该基函数的性质;基于该组函数定义了广义三次DP曲线,它不仅具有与DP曲线类似的性质,还可通过改变参数几或产使其具有形状可调性。当这两段曲线相拼接时,在满足一定的条件下,曲线可达到G^2或C^2连续,从而为自由曲线设计提供了一种有效的方法。     

LPV重复过程的H_∞滤波新方法

将时滞线性参数变化(LPV)思想应用于重复过程中,研究了其H∞滤波问题。基于参数依赖Lyapunov函数方法推出了该重复过程的稳定性和滤波器设计的充分条件。通过投影定理引入两个附加矩阵,解除了重复过程矩阵和依赖于参数的Lyapunov函数矩阵之间的耦合,使得到的条件便于求解。仿真实例证实了该设计方法的有效性。     

Tracking of moving interfaces in sedimentation processes using electrical impedance tomography

Sedimentation monitoring is widely used to control and optimize industrial processes. In this paper we propose a novel computational method for sedimentation monitoring using electrical impedance tomography (EIT). EIT measurements consist of electric current and voltage measurements that are made on the surface of the sedimentation tank and therefore they do not interfere with the sedimentation process. The proposed computational method is based on shape estimation and state estimation formulation of the EIT problem. The sedimentation is parameterized by the locations of the phase interfaces and conductivities of the phase layers. Three different evolution models for the state parameters are considered and the state estimates are computed using the extended Kalman filter algorithm. The performance of the method and the models are evaluated using simulated data from a six electrode EIT measurement configuration. From the results a promising performance of the method can be seen.     

Parameter optimization for the Gaussian model of protein folding

Computational models of protein folding and ligand docking are large and complex. Few systematic methods have yet been developed to optimize the parameters in such models. We describe here an iterative parameter optimization strategy that is based on minimizing a structural error measure by descent in parameter space. At the start, we know the ‘correct’ native structure that we want the model to produce, and an initial set of parameters representing the relative strengths of interactions between the amino acids. The parameters are changed systematically until the model native structure converges as closely as possible to the correct native structure. As a test, we apply this parameter optimization method to the recently developed Gaussian model of protein folding: each amino acid is represented as a bead and all bonds, covalent and noncovalent, are represented by Hooke's law springs. We show that even though the Gaussian model has continuous degrees of freedom, parameters can be chosen to cause its ground state to be identical to that of Go-type lattice models, for which the global ground states are known. Parameters for a more realistic protein model can also be obtained to produce structures close to the real native structures in the protein database.     

A study of the optimal measurement placement for parameter identification of orthotropic composites by the boundary element method

This paper concentrates on the design of the optimal measurement placement for the parameter identification of two-dimensional orthotropic composites, which is modeled by the boundary element. From the analysis of the well-posedness of the parameter identification processes using the Levenberg–Marquardt method, a performance indicator and an estimation of the maximum bias of identified parameters are deduced. Based on these results, a method for selecting the optimal measurement placement is proposed. The validity of this method is illustrated by some numerical examples. These examples reveal that the measurement placement has significant influence on identification results. Furthermore, an iterative process of selecting measurement placement is suggested for practical implementation.     

Identification of ductile damage and fracture parameters from the small punch test using neural networks

This paper presents a method for the identification of deformation, damage and fracture properties of ductile materials. The small punch test is used to obtain the material response under loading. The resulting load displacement curve contains information about the deformation and failure behavior of the tested material. The finite element method is used to compute the load displacement curve depending on the parameters of the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman damage law. Via a systematic variation of the material parameters a data base is built up, which is used to train neural networks. This neural network can be used to predict the load displacement curve of the SPT for a given material parameter set. The identification of the material parameters is done by using a conjugate directions algorithm, which minimizes the error between an experimental load displacement curve and one predicted by the network function. The identified material parameters are validated by independent tests on notched tensile specimens. Furthermore, these parameters can be used to compute the crack growth in fracture specimens, which finally leads to a prediction of classical fracture toughness parameters.     

无刷双馈电机原理及定子结构设计分析

无刷双馈电机是一种新型的感应电机,在风力发电和水利发电中有着广泛的应用前景。该文介绍了无刷双馈电机的结构组成,分析了它的变频调速原理,并对电机定子绕组的极数、型式和节距等定子结构设计的原理和方法进行了详尽地说明和分析,为该型电机的电磁设计和参数优化提供了理论依据。     

电流型变频器中调节器参数的计算方法

根据电流型变频器的结构特点,结合工程实例,介绍了电流调节器和电压调节器参数的计算方法。