离子束溅射淀积光学薄膜的膜厚均匀性实验

介绍了离子束溅射技术改善薄膜均匀性的两种方法。研究了修正板技术,根据工程需要将修正板技术应用于行星转动条件下的光学薄膜的均匀性修正。分别研究了靶摆动和不摆动的情况下,淀积薄膜的均匀性修正。实验结果表明,修正后的均匀性结果优于 1%,能满足实际应用的要求;靶摆动修正的均匀性结果优于修正板技术。     

Correlations between the Optical Properties and the Microstructure of TiO_2 Thin Films Prepared by Reactive Electron-beam Evaporation

1　IntroductionInrecentyears ,theoreticalandexperimentalinvesti gationsonthetitaniumoxidefilmsareconductedonac countoftheirremarkableproperties .Titaniumdioxidefilmshaveattractedconsiderableattentiontoapplytomi croelectronicdevices ,opticalthin filmdevice…     

渐开线齿轮点蚀位置的确定及其计算综合曲率半径的误差修正

依据赫兹强度理论 ,指出一对标准渐开线直齿齿轮啮合时 ,最大接触应力位于齿轮单啮合区靠近小齿轮处单双啮合区的分界线上。小齿轮点蚀发生在分度圆与齿根圆之间 ,大齿轮点蚀发生在分度圆与齿顶圆之间。并列举实例 ,证明目前传统设计方法计算点蚀处齿轮综合曲率半径误差较大 ,绘制出精确计算值与传统计算值的比值曲线 ,并给出结论 :传统设计方法得到的结果不安全 ,有误差 ;误差与齿轮模数无关 ,误差随着小齿轮齿数的增加渐小 ,误差随着齿轮齿数比的增大先渐大后渐小     

Structural and electrochemical properties of vanadium oxide thin films grown by d.c. and r.f. reactive sputtering at room temperature

Vanadium oxide thin films were grown at room temperature by direct current and radio-frequency reactive sputtering systems to compare the structural and electrochemical properties. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared measurements reveal that the composition of the as-deposited films consists of the V₂O₅ phase regardless of the deposition methods. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements show that the crystallinity of the as-deposited V₂O₅ films is different depending on the deposition method. Films deposited by direct current reactive sputtering were amorphous, whereas films deposited by radio-frequency reactive sputtering were crystalline. Scanning electron microscopy measurements show that the V₂O₅ films grown by radio-frequency reactive sputtering had a large grain size but the films grown by direct current reactive sputtering were amorphous. Charge–discharge measurements taken at room temperature with a constant current clearly indicate that the films grown by direct current sputtering demonstrated typical amorphous behavior, whereas the V₂O₅ films grown by radio-frequency sputtering demonstrated the discharge behavior of crystalline V₂O₅. The origin of the structural and electrochemical properties of film grown by radio-frequency reactive sputtering is a self-bias effect. The self-bias effect induces ion bombardment during the growth of vanadium oxide thin film. These results suggest that direct current reactive sputtering is more desirable for growing amorphous V₂O₅ thin film than radio-frequency reactive sputtering.     

High-Temperature Strength of Niobium Alloy 5VMTs with a Silicide-Ceramic Coating. Part 1. Short-Term Strength Characteristics

Experimental data on the short-term strength and plasticity of niobium alloy 5VMTs of the system Nb–W–Mo–Zr in its initial state, after annealing, and with a silicide-ceramic protective coating obtained by testing in vacuum, an inert atmosphere, and in air in the temperature range from 290 to 2270 K are analyzed. The process of microcrack initiation and propagation in the protective coating and matrix is investigated in high-temperature static tension. The limiting plastic strain values have been established at which the composite retains its load-carrying capacity in high- temperature aggressive and oxidizing gas atmospheres.     

组合把持器在封闭电炉中的应用

介绍了16．5MVA封闭炉的组合把持器，结构和所选择的电炉参数及运行情况。实践证明该设备是可行的。     

餐厨垃圾发酵生产乳酸的工艺优化

为提高餐厨垃圾发酵生产乳酸的效率,采用Plackett-Burman和中心复合两种统计试验方法对影响发酵的因素进行初筛和优化.Plackett-Burman实验的结果表明,影响乳酸发酵的正向显著性因素有乳酸菌TD175、糖化酶、吐温80、纤维素酶;灭菌是负显著性因素.通过中心复合试验设计,确定最佳发酵工艺:乳酸菌接种量6.6%,糖化酶160U/g,纤维素酶60U/g,吐温800.08%,温度45℃.最佳工艺条件下发酵40h,乳酸产量能达到66.13g/L,每克干垃圾产乳酸0.53g.餐厨垃圾的乳酸发酵无需灭菌、无需额外营养物,具有良好的经济效益和应用前景.     

几种聚乳酸／生物活性陶瓷复合材料细胞相容性的比较

采用溶解共混法制备含30%硅灰石的聚乳酸/硅灰石新型生物医用复合物膜.将大鼠成骨细胞ROS 17/28系种植在复合物表面使其存活,考察生长情况和复合物的生物活性,并与目前研究应用较多的聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石、聚乳酸/磷酸三钙及聚乳酸/珍珠层粉复合物进行比较.荧光染色实验及MTT测试表明,4种复合物膜表面细胞均可以正常的生长和增殖,且呈现出聚乳酸/珍珠层粉>聚乳酸/硅灰石>聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石>聚乳酸/磷酸三钙的结果,说明聚乳酸/硅灰石复合物材料具有较好的细胞相容性,适于应用在骨修复及骨组织工程领域.     

孔内深层超强夯法处理厚层人工回填土的应用研究

介绍了孔内深层超强夯法（SDDC）的基本原理,并将SDDC工法运用于处理某机场内厚层人工回填土地基,对无机固体废料进行了资源化回收利用。通过复合地基载荷试验、标准贯入试验和重型动力触探试验对SDDC施工质量进行检测,对SDDC桩体和桩间土的承载力效果进行评价。结果表明,经SDDC工法处理后的复合地基均匀性较好,承载力显著提高,达到工程使用要求。     

液相法制备纳米钯粉的工艺研究

采用液相法,以Pd粉为原料,分别用HCHO,HCOOM,C2H4H2O作还原剂,把钯还原成纳米粉末。通过控制反应体系的pH值、浓度、温度及还原剂的种类和还原时间来控制粉末的粒径大小及其分布.实验结果表明:利用本法制备的Pd粉粒径在9 nm~20 nm,粒度分布均匀而且重现性好,适用于制造钯银导体浆料.