X-band deflecting cavity design for ultra-short bunch length measurement of SXFEL at SINAP

For developing the X-ray Free Electron Lasers test facility(SXFEL) at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINAP), ultra-short bunch is the crucial requirement for excellent lasing performance. It is a big challenge for deflecting cavity to measure the length of ultra-short bunch, and higher deflecting gradient is required for higher measurement resolution. X-band travelling wave deflecting structure has features of higher deflecting voltage and compact structure, which has good performance at ultra-short bunch length measurement. In this paper, a new X-band deflecting structure is designed to operate in HEM11-2π/3 mode.For suppressing the polarization of deflecting plane of the HEM11 mode, two symmetrical caves are added on the cavity wall to separate two polarized modes.     

基于极化散射特性的空间锥体目标宽带回波对齐

包络对齐是宽带回波预处理中重要的一部分,然而对于空间锥体这类只有较少散射中心且目标存在微动的情况,现有的包络对齐方法并不能得到较好的对齐结果。对于一些利用宽带回波进行微动目标参数估计的算法,包络对齐是其算法的关键一步。该文提出一种基于极化散射特性进行包络对齐的算法,算法首先利用极化谱估计与幅相联合估计(P-CAPES)超分辨方法估计宽带极化回波中的散射中心的数目、位置和极化散射矩阵,然后计算前后时刻回波散射中心的极化相似性参数,最后利用得到相似性参数进行包络对齐。基于电磁计算数据的实验结果验证了算法的有效性。     

基于非平稳性和极化相干系数比的PolSAR图像建筑物检测

为了提高全极化合成孔径雷达(PolSAR)图像中城区建筑物的检测精度,该文提出一种基于人造目标散射非平稳性和极化相干系数比的建筑物检测新方法。该方法首先对PolSAR图像进行滤波和方位向时频分解,得到多个子孔径图像,然后结合方位向非平稳性检测和极化相干系数比来判断某个像素是否为建筑物。该文通过引入一种新的极化相干系数比从而使获取的建筑物检测结果优于传统非平稳性检测方法,能够有效去除具有布拉格散射的自然地物虚警从而提高检测精度。星载和机载PolSAR数据实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于谱逼近的瞬态极化雷达最优波形设计

针对瞬态极化雷达(IPR)两路极化波形相关度较高而导致的目标极化参数估计误差大的问题,该文提出纯相位谱逼近算法(POSAA)来设计具有低相关水平的波形对。首先,以积分旁瓣电平准则构建目标函数;然后利用相关与谱的傅里叶变换对关系,基于谱逼近的思想,推导了目标函数的频域表示;最后获得目标函数的梯度和Hess矩阵,并采用信赖域方法优化求解目标函数以获得理想波形。仿真结果表明优化后的波形对具有极低的相关水平,且利用该优化波形获得的目标参数误差远小于当前常见波形。     

一种改进的极化敏感阵列解相干算法

在相干信号源情形下,常用的极化敏感阵列信号处理方法(如参数估计、波束形成等)会出现性能下降甚至失效的现象。该文在极化平滑算法的基础上提出一种改进的解相干算法,通过对各子相关矩阵选择适当的加权系数,使平滑之后的相关矩阵具有Toeplitz的形式,进而消除信号之间的相干性。该文推导了最优加权系数的表达式及最大解相干信号个数,并利用加权平滑之后的相关矩阵完成了参数估计和波束形成。计算机仿真结果表明改进的方法具有比常规极化平滑算法更优越的性能,且适用于非均匀噪声和相干噪声的情况。     

基于OCDP的保偏光纤偏振模式耦合仿真及实验

光相干域偏振检测技术广泛应用于保偏光纤中的偏振模式耦合测量和分析。针对保偏光纤中的多点偏振耦合情况,传统的分析方法主要有光路逐点分析和光谱相干矩阵分析,这些方法计算量大且不利于计算机实现。从光波传播特点及宽谱干涉特点出发,研究了保偏光纤中多点偏振耦合的仿真技术和方法,并编写了专用程序进行仿真。利用扫描迈克尔逊实现了多偏振模式耦合的测量,仿真数据与实验吻合。研究表明：通过上述方法能简便、准确地生成多耦合点干涉条纹。从而为保偏光纤中多点偏振模式耦合干涉的测量和分析提供了重要的工具。     

全极化SAR影像城区建筑密度分析

针对全极化SAR影像的建筑区特性,提出了一种基于极化特征共生矩阵的城区建筑密度分析方法。首先将极化特征与共生矩阵结合,在考虑建筑区极化散射机理和建筑朝向作用的同时,兼顾了建筑区的空间排列信息,在此基础上为了增强建筑密度的局部区域特性,将共生矩阵特征进行K-means聚类,结合图像分块形成标号直方图统计矢量,进而对该直方图统计矢量进行矢量量化实现SAR影像城区的建筑密度分级。RadarSat-2全极化SAR影像城区建筑密度分析的实验表明,该方法既适用于建筑朝向复杂城区也适用于建筑排列整齐城区的密度信息提取。     

High quality 3D reconstruction based on fusion of polarization imaging and binocular stereo vision

Polarization imaging can retrieve inaccurate objects’ 3D shapes with fine textures, whereas coarse but accurate depths can be provided by binocular stereo vision. To take full advantage of these two complementary techniques, we investigate a novel 3D reconstruction method based on the fusion of polarization imaging and binocular stereo vision for high quality 3D reconstruction. We first generate the polarization surface by correcting the azimuth angle errors on the basis of registered binocular depth, to solve the azimuthal ambiguity in the polarization imaging. Then we propose a joint 3D reconstruction model for depth fusion, including a data fitting term and a robust low-rank matrix factorization constraint. The former is to transfer textures from the polarization surface to the fused depth by assuming their relationship linear, whereas the latter is to utilize the low-frequency part of binocular depth to improve the accuracy of the fused depth considering the influences of missing-entries and outliers. To solve the optimization problem in the proposed model, we adopt an efficient solution based on the alternating direction method of multipliers. Extensive experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method in comparison with state-of-the-art methods and to exhibit its wide application prospects in 3D reconstruction.     

A Corrosion Inhibition Study of a Novel Synthesized Gemini Nonionic Surfactant for Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl Solution

In this study, a gemini nonionic surfactant was synthesized as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl. Surface properties of the synthesized gemini nonionic surfactant were determined by using surface tension. The results showed that the gemini nonionic surfactant has good surface active properties. The corrosion inhibition effect of the synthesized inhibitor on carbon steel was evaluated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss methods. The characterization of the film formed on the steel surface was carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The inhibitor molecules were adsorbed physically onto a carbon steel surface according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The results revealed that the inhibitor acted as a mixed-type inhibitor. It was found that the inhibition efficiency increases with an increase in inhibitor concentration and decreases with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated to elucidate the inhibitive mechanism.     

异丙烯膦酸-丙烯酸共聚物对A_3碳钢的缓蚀行为

以异丙烯膦酸－丙烯酸共聚物（ＰＩＰＡＡ）为缓蚀剂，探讨了ＰＩＰＡＡ的浓度、Ｃａ２＋浓度、Ｃｌ－浓度和ｐＨ值对Ａ３碳钢缓蚀行为的影响利用极化曲线，证实了ＰＩＰＡＡ的缓蚀作用主要是在金属铁表面形成保护膜，从而抑制了电化学腐蚀反应