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991.
A DC (data center) demands air-conditioning power as large as the 1/3-1/2 of total electricity consumption. Thus, energy saving of cooling power of DC yields considerable effect on both economic and environmental views. PV (Photovoltaic) and absorption refrigerator with CGS (cogeneration systems) or gas boiler are possible power saving options. The waste warm air from DC would be utilized for greenhouse heating when DC and greenhouse locate near in the suburbs. In this study, the authors develop an energy network model to assess the potential contribution of DC as a major electric power and chilled air consumer as well as the warm air supplier in a district to the energy efficiency improvement. The evaporation heat of LNG (liquefied natural gas) utilization is also considered as well as PV, CGS. This model is applied to the cases of the urban area in Tokyo which involves athletic center, shops and hospital and the suburbs including greenhouse and then compared. 相似文献
992.
Felisari L Grillo V Jabeen F Rubini S Menozzi C Rossi F Martelli F 《Ultramicroscopy》2011,111(8):1018-1028
A dedicated specimen holder has been designed to perform low-voltage scanning transmission electron microscopy in dark field mode. Different test samples, namely InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells, InGaAs nanowires and thick InGaAs layers, have been analysed to test the reliability of the model based on the proportionality to the specimen mass-thickness, generally used for image intensity interpretation of scattering contrast processes. We found that size of the probe, absorption and channelling must be taken into account to give a quantitative interpretation of image intensity. We develop a simple procedure to evaluate the probe-size effect and to obtain a quantitative indication of the absorption coefficient. Possible artefacts induced by channelling are pointed out. With the developed procedure, the low voltage approach can be successfully applied for quantitative compositional analysis. The method is then applied to the estimation of the In content in the core of InGaAs/GaAs core-shell nanowires. 相似文献
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996.
The high speed fluid jet for directly or indirectly breaking rock is one of the most effective ways to improve the deep penetration rate.In order to maximize the efficiency of energy use,the flow characteristics of different combinations of high pressure jet nozzles are analyzed through numerical simulations.According to the velocity vectors at the bottom and the bottom hole pressure diagram,the effects of the high pressure nozzle combinations on the flow structure and the penetration rate are analyzed.It is shown that the combination of three vertical edge nozzles is very efficient,but inefficient in cleaning the bottom hole and eroding the wall.The jet velocity is 400 m/s and the radius is 5 mm,with a center nozzle added,the problem can be solved,but the high-pressure fluid displacement would increase.The center nozzle’s jet velocity is 200 m/s and the radius is 8 mm,the combination of two vertical edge nozzles and a center tilt nozzle or that of a vertical edge nozzle and a center tilt nozzle would provide a flow structure favorable for drilling.The angle of inclination is 10o.To take advantage of high pressure jet energy to improve the efficiency of drilling,it is important to select a suitable nozzle combination according real conditions. 相似文献
997.
介绍一种导流洞采用"龙翘尾式"改建为泄洪洞的技术,即在导流洞尾部设竖井段、水平转弯段和下游消能段。该技术要求导流洞按照运行工况一次建成有压圆形,这样洞内高速水流带来的气蚀问题基本不存在。经过竖井段后,上游水位与出口底板水头差降低,水力学、闸门受力等结构问题的处理难度均相应降低。下游消能工即使存在气蚀,由于在洞外检修条件好,问题也容易解决。 相似文献
998.
LUO Yu ZHAO RongKuo FERNANDEZ-DOMINGUEZ Antonio I. MAIER Stefan A. PENDRY John B. 《中国科学:信息科学(英文版)》2013,56(12):1-13
Transformation optics (TO) is a new tool for controlling electromagnetic fields. In the context of metamaterial technology, it provides a direct link between a desired electromagnetic (EM) phenomenon and the material response required for its occurrence. Recently, this powerful framework has been successfully exploited to study surface plasmon assisted phenomena such as light harvesting. Here, we review the general strategy based on TO to design plasmonic devices capable of harvesting light over a broadband spectrum and achieving considerable field confinement and enhancement. The methodology starts with two-dimensional (2D) cases, such as 2D metal edges, crescent-shaped cylinders, nanowire dimers, and rough metal surfaces, and is well extended to fully-fledged three-dimensional (3D) situations. The largely analytic approach gives physical insights into the processes involved and suggests a way forward to study a wide variety of plasmonic nanostructures. 相似文献
999.
WSNs (wireless sensor networks) consist of thousands of tiny nodes having the capability of sensing, computation, and wireless communications. Unfortunately these devices are limited energy devices, that is means we must save energy as much as possible, to increase network life time as long as possible. In this paper we introduce NEER--normalized energy efficient routing protocol that increases network life time through switching between AODV protocol that depends on request-reply routing, and MRPC that depends on residual battery in routing. 相似文献
1000.
Gigabit home networks represent a key technology to make the Future Internet success a reality. Consumers will require networks to be simple to install, without the need of any new wire and with green consideration. To make this network ubiquitous, seamless and robust, a technology independent MAC layer will ensure its global control and provide connectivities to any number of devices the user wishes to connect to it in any room. In order to make this vision comes true, substantial progress is required in the fields of protocol design and in systems architectures. For this goal, we introduce a new convergence layer denoted inter-MAC, which provides a common infrastructure to the home network, Among the inter-MAC functionalities, we focused the interest on the path selection mechanism including the green aspect. To improve quality of service, reduce energy consumption and radiofrequency devices number, we define a new path selection protocol based on several metrics. We present some preliminary results obtained on an experimental test bed. 相似文献