依靠市场促进我国钛工业持续发展

钛工业是高新技术产业，钛及钛合金是对国防事业、尖端科学技术和民用工业发展具有战略意义、不可缺少的稀有金属材料。钛应用量的多少，是一个国家的军事实力和国民经济综合实力强弱的重要标志。简要回顾我国钛工业发展历程，探讨以市场为导向，推动钛应用和开发新应用对钛工业持续发展的重要性。     

基于物理仿真模型的螺旋立铣刀建模

加工过程仿真是验证加工程序正确性、预测加工过程表现及产品质量的一种有效手段,它由几何仿真和物理仿真组成.但是现今的CAD/CAM软件几乎没有提供实用的物理仿真功能.文章针对现有数控加工仿真中物理仿真的功能不准确的问题,提出了能满足物理仿真要求的刀具的建模理论和方法.在该理论的指导下,利用Visual Basic6.0和OpenGL建立了螺旋立铣刀支持参数库和铣刀模型,并成功的嵌入了天津大学数控铣床的仿真软件中.     

Processing,deformation, and failure in superplastic aluminum alloys: Applications of orientation-imaging microscopy

The importance of grain size refinement in enabling superplasticity is reviewed, and the current understanding of grain boundary characteristics is summarized. The application of orientation-imaging microscopy (OIM) methods to the processing response and the deformation and failure modes in superplastic aluminum alloys are illustrated through microtexture analysis and determination of grain boundary characteristics in selected commercial materials. Continuous and discontinuous recrystallization reactions exhibit distinct microtextures and grain boundary characteristics. The application of OIM and microtexture analysis to the evaluation of both deformation and failure mechanisms during superplastic forming is illustrated. This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming, sponsored by the Manufacturing Critical Sector at the ASM International AeroMat 2004 Conference and Exposition, June 8–9, 2004, in Seattle, WA. The symposium was organized by Daniel G. Sanders, The Boeing Company.     

金属塑性加工用钢的压缩力学性能及其意义

用压缩试验法测试了ＧＣｒ１５退火状态的塑性流动的应力应变曲线以及高速钢模具材料的压缩力学性能，并对其结果进行了分析讨论，同时强调了压缩力学性能指标对于金属塑性加工及模具应用的力学意义与实用价值。     

纳秒激光微刻蚀取向硅钢的形貌特征及磁性能

为有效降低取向硅钢铁损、改善其磁性能，采用红外纳秒激光对取向硅钢进行微刻蚀试验。利用3D共聚焦显微镜、扫描电镜与能谱仪研究典型工艺参数下的硅钢表面烧蚀形貌特征及表面质量，利用铁损仪测试不同刻蚀参数下取向硅钢的铁损、相对磁导率等磁性能参数及动态磁滞回线，对比分析刻痕前后磁性能的变化行为、规律及磁滞特性。结果表明：激光刻痕后，硅钢的铁损、相对磁导率、矫顽力及剩磁等性能得到明显改善，铁损的改善表现在高磁感强度下、相对磁导率的改善表现在低磁场强度下，回线特性得到优化。扫描速度为800 mm/s、脉冲能量为0.25 mJ时，刻痕边界呈近似规则的“波浪线”，且刻痕表面质量较高，铁损降低高达11.6%、剩磁降低12.8%等；刻痕后相对相对磁导率明显提高，提高约为5.7%~15.16%，最大可达2.598×10⁴。激光频率与扫描速度的耦合关系是影响刻痕边界形状与磁畴细化效果的重要因素。     

Application of mushy/semi-solid joining—Part 3

A process to join glass or stone onto base metal alloys is proposed. The process characteristics allow using various kinds of glasses or stones, such as craft glass, beads, tile, amethyst, agate and hematite with different shapes and sizes. The process utilizes excellent and active join ability of mushy or semi-solid alloy’s properties. In this study, the mechanism of the joining was investigated and some applications were showed. The process itself has several useful properties like: (1) easy-to-operate, (2) ability to get good joining condition, and (3) applicability to a continuous production system. Through the study, it is found that the mushy joining is a useful and valuable manufacturing method for developing and manufacturing glass/metal or stone/metal composites. The mushy joining process is different from the existing cloisonné and enameling process.     

材料烧结点测试系统及其图像处理

本文论述了材料烧结点测试系统的工作原理及其组成。采用数字图像处理技术 ,引入高速A/D转换及计算机系统 ,以实现对材料烧结点进行高效、可靠的测试。测试结果表明 ,这是一个实用的计算机自动检测系统。     

铸造铝青铜显微组织的计算机辅助分析

针对传统金相定量分析中准确度低、速度慢的缺点,利用计算机图像处理技术对自主开发的一种铸造多元高铝青铜合金(代号HSWAB)的显微组织进行了分析与测量.主要包括系统构成、图像处理与分析的主要步骤、显微特征参数的测量和误差分析,并讨论了该研究领域的发展趋势.结果表明,利用计算机图像分析技术分析铝青铜显微组织方便、实用.该项技术的应用将为铝青铜材料的研究和应用提供分析的依据.     

Processing map for hot working of as extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy

The deformation behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy as extruded under hot compression conditions was characterized in the temperature range of 200 - 400 ℃ and strain rate range of 0. 001 - 1 s^-1. The processing maps were obtained at different strains. The results show that the map exhibits flow instabilities as two domains. The domain at beyond 300 ℃ and strain rate of 1 s^-1 appears with a peak efficiency of power dissipation about 56% occurring. This domain is expected to happen in a hot process, such as hot rolling, hot extrusion and hot forging. There is high efficiency of power dissipation at temperature beyond 350 ℃ and strain rate 0. 001 s^-1. Such domains suggest the occurrence of superplastic deformation.     

New approach in tool wear measuring technique using CCD vision system

This paper suggests a reliable direct measuring procedure for measuring different tool wear parameters. Modern image processing techniques and machine vision systems today enable direct tool wear measurement to be accomplished in-cycle. The presented system is characterized by its measurement flexibility, high spatial resolution and good accuracy. The system consists of a light source to illuminate the tool, CCD camera, laser diod (used in conjunction with profile deepness assessment) with linear projector, grabber for capturing the picture, and a PC. The technique is specially characterized by its determination of profile deepness with the help of projected laser raster lines on a tool surface. So it has advantage comparing with other techniques, which can measure only 2D profiles. With the technique presented in this paper a 3D image of relief surface can be obtained without having need to employ a very complicated measuring system. All indirect methods like acoustic emission, force measurement, spindle current measurement, vibration sensors, etc. are very time consuming and demand very expensive subsidiary measurement equipment, compared with the method presented here.