莺歌海盆地中深层高温高压河道砂岩储层含气性检测新方法

莺歌海盆地中深层河道砂岩含气储层受高温高压和强非均质性等地质条件的影响,导致其AVO地震响应特征类型多变,利用常规的P(AVO拟合截距)、G(AVO拟合斜率)、P×G、P+G等属性已不能有效识别该区储层的含气范围,亟待寻找适合该地区的、有效的储层含气性检测方法。为此,通过基于Shuey近似公式的单井AVO正演模拟技术和基于蒙特卡洛随机正演的AVO模拟技术,探讨了该区含气储层的AVO类型和含气性检测方法。研究结果显示,该区含气砂岩表现为第Ⅰ、第Ⅲ、第Ⅳ等3类AVO地震响应特征;然后提出采用标量泊松比反射率属性作为该区含气性检测的敏感属性因子,并模拟计算出了标定系数,进而得到了新的储层含气性检测方法。现场应用效果表明:1新方法预测结果与实际钻井结果相吻合;2新方法的运用效果明显优于常用的P、G、P×G、P+G等流体敏感属性因子;3有效应用新方法的关键在于储层AVO地震响应特征研究、敏感参数筛选和标定系数计算。结论认为,新方法在该区具有较好的推广应用价值。     

Changes in the Reflectivity and Color Characteristics of Microcellular Foamed Plastics

As the use of plastics has increased in various industries, research on microcellular plastics has increased as well. The microcellular foaming process helps produce lighter plastic and reduces material consumption. This process also affects the optical properties. The primary purpose of this study is to measure the visible changes occurring in polymer samples by comparing changes in the samples before and after the microcellular foaming process. To measure the changes in color characteristics, colored PC samples were utilized for the experiments. Changes in the color characteristics were indicated using the Munsell color system.     

基于高光谱遥感反射率的总氮总磷的反演

基于2005年4~10月实测高光谱数据,通过微分法和波段比值法对室内水样分析结果中的总氮和总磷浓度进行反演。结果表明:以1 nm为间隔的微分法中455 nm处的微分值对总氮浓度较为敏感,最大负相关达到-0.857,而最大正相关为波段比值(1015/528 nm)的0.803,利用上述两个因子作为自变量进行多元回归,得到总氮最佳反演模型。该模型绝对误差为0.16,实测值与预测值之间R²为0.839;波段比值(671 nm/680 nm)对总磷浓度较为敏感,达到最大负相关-0.889,选用其作为自变量进行二次多项式回归,得到总磷最佳反演模型,该模型绝对误差为0.003,实测值与预测值之间R²为0.934。     

Growth dynamics and characteristics of fabricated Fiber Bragg Grating using phase mask method

In this paper, Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are written by photoinduced refractive index changes in optical fibers. Experimental setup and results are presented to show the growth dynamics and the characteristics of the FBG that are written using phase mask method with different exposure time. In this paper, the effect of various UV exposure times and pulse energy during fabrication onto the reflectivity and Bragg wavelength has been defined.     

Impact of surface roughness on the electrical parameters of industrial high efficiency NaOH-NaOCl textured multicrystalline silicon solar cell

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution (1:1 ratio by volume) based texturization process at 80-82 °C is an easy, low cost and comparatively new and convenient option for fabrication of any multicrystalline silicon (mC-Si) solar cell. In the present study atomic force microscope is used to observe the intragrain surface in a miniscule area (3 μm × 3 μm) of NaOH-NaOCl textured surface by two and three dimensional analysis, roughness analysis and section analysis. The r.m.s value of the surface parameter of 7.0 nm ascertains the smoothness of the textured surface and further the surface reflectivity is minimized to 4-6% in the 500-1000 nm wavelength range by a proper silicon nitride anti-reflection coating. Comparing with the standard HF-HNO₃-CH₃COOH acid textured cell, the NaOH-NaOCl textured cell shows a comparatively lower value of series resistance of 7.17 mΩ, higher value of shunt resistance of 18.4 Ω to yield a fill factor of 0.766 leading to more than 15% cell efficiency in the industrial cell processing line. This AFM study yields different surface roughness parameters for the NaOH-NaOCl textured wafers which can be used as a reference standard for optimized texturing.     

The contribution of the thermal radiation of the inner surfaces of a room on its thermal losses

The temperature difference between the surfaces of the internal and the external walls of a room causes a heat flux from the internal to the external walls through radiation and finally to the environment through conduction. This thermal flux, which is different to the thermal losses due to the conductance of the external walls, is a function of the thermal and the structural characteristics of the walls. In the present work a simple analytical expression is given, which relates the thermal losses due to radiation and the total thermal losses due to radiation and convection directly to the structural characteristics of the room, that is the reflectivity of the internal surfaces, the conductance of the external walls, the ratio of the external to the internal wall surfaces and the temperatures of the internal space of the room and the environment. This relationship has been verified by experiments carried out on an experimental arrangement which simulates this phenomenon.     

用神经网络实现煤岩成分分析

该文介绍了一个基于煤岩反射率分布并使用神经网络进行煤岩成分分析的方法。该方法利用神经网络在优化计算方面的强大功能,同时又考虑到煤岩分析系统的快速性和稳定性,设计了一个资源开销很小、拓扑结构比较简单的神经网络和与之相适配的快速算法来确定煤种比例,实验表明该方法的分析结果和分析速度均令人满意。该方法对于各种混合物质通过显微成像进行成分分析有一定的参考价值。     

Research of optical and structural properties in Cu/Ti multilayer films

The Cu/Ti multilayer (ML) films were deposited on Si(1 0 0) and Si(1 1 1) substrate with a series of pair layers with Vanguard sputtering system. The influences of periodic number and substrate structure on UV-reflectivity of Cu/Ti superlattice films were investigated carefully. The result shows that the Cu/Ti ML films have clear layer-structure. The ML films deposited on Si(1 0 0) and Si(1 1 1) have UV-reflectivity of about 90% and 67% at 200 nm, respectively, but they have lower soft X-ray reflectivity of about 1.9% at 13.04 nm in terms of wavelength, with near normal incidence of 5°. The transmission microscope image indicates that the fabricated Cu/Ti ML films have superlattice structure.     

基于改进RDM的SAR自聚焦算法

反射率偏移法(RDM)是合成孔径雷达(SAR)自聚焦的经典算法,当场景对比度较低时,RDM自聚焦效果变差。该文提出了一种RDM的改进方法,该方法利用多普勒调频率与距离的函数关系,自适应地修正低对比度区域对多普勒调频率估计的影响,保证良好的自聚焦效果。实际SAR数据实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

地形复杂区域的典型植被指数评估

植被多分布在复杂地形,不规则的地形会造成遥感影像中同种或相似地物呈现不同的反射率/辐射值,也会使得不同种地物呈现相似的反射率/辐射值,这种反射率的变化会给植被的生物、物理量评估带来误差,所以对地形复杂区域的典型植被指数的评估是十分必要的。选用Landsat卫星影像对复杂地形条件下典型植被指数进行了评估。经过详细的分析,植被指数对由地形引起的红光波段反射率变化敏感,导致它们对地形的变化敏感,所以植被指数受地形的影响总体上是不容忽视的。
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