管土耦合作用下超临界CO2管道裂纹动态扩展模拟方法

为解决现有流固耦合模型建模难度高、计算效率低而无法广泛用于CO₂管道裂纹扩展预测的问题,提出了一种基于减压模型的管土耦合作用下CO₂管道裂纹动态扩展模拟方法。在该方法中管道断裂与流体减压间复杂的流固耦合作用由基于爆破实验及模拟所得压力数据提出的CO₂三维减压模型结合加载子程序代替实现,大变形下管土耦合关系采用光滑粒子流方法描述。为验证所构建数值模拟方法的可靠性,将其用于再现管道爆破实验,同时基于该方法对半回填、无回填及完全回填状态下CO₂管道韧性断裂行为进行了对比研究。结果表明,所提出的模拟方法较为可靠,两种工况下裂纹扩展速度模拟值与实验值误差分别为21.6 % 与7.6 % ,证明所构建的减压模型可有效描述裂纹扩展过程中管内压力时空演化规律,同时可避免对复杂流固耦合问题的求解,为后续超临界CO₂管道断裂行为参数化研究及止裂预测模型的构建奠定了基础。研究结果表明,土壤回填效应对管道裂纹扩展长度、速度、管道整体变形等断裂行为影响显著,相较于无回填管道,完全回填管道裂纹扩展速度下降了19 m/s,且管道变形受到明显限制,有利于裂纹止裂。     

基于光滑粒子流体动力学方法的溃坝水流模拟

受全球气候变暖的影响,由极端天气引发的类似溃坝等问题发生的概率大大增加,深入研究溃坝水流的水动力特性势在必行。在分析光滑粒子流体动力学基本原理的基础上,提出了一种改进的边界处理方法,即将接近壁面的流体视为层流,在耦合动力边界附近引入层流黏性近似边界层理论。采用该方法对溃坝水流进行数值模拟,将SPH数值模拟得到的外轮廓、自由液面高度以及压力与实验结果进行了比较和分析。结果表明：改进的边界处理方法较完整地得到了水流与壁面相互作用而产生的多种复杂的物理现象,其外部轮廓与实验非常吻合;自由表面融合过程中液面间冲击的能量耗散会导致融合后的液面高度存在一些差异;不同监测点处压力随时间的变化基本落在置信区间之内。数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合度较高,验证了改进方案的可靠性和计算结果的准确性。     

磨粒叶序排布砂轮磨削的磨削力模拟分析

为了改善超硬磨料砂轮的磨削能力,基于生物学的叶序排布理论,提出了一种新型有序化排布磨料的超硬磨料砂轮。利用Ls—dyna仿真软件的光滑粒子法（SPH）,对叶序排布砂轮进行了磨削力的分析研究,得出了叶序参数和磨削用量对磨粒叶序排布外圆砂轮磨削力的影响规律。仿真结果表明,合理地选择叶序系数忌和磨料半径r,可以使叶序排布砂轮在磨削过程中获得较低的磨削力。     

基于SPH结合FEM的喷丸残余应力数值模拟

针对以往有限元模型中弹丸数量较少且为规则阵列排布的缺陷,采用光滑粒子流体动力学法(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)与有限元法(Finite element method,FEM)相结合的方法,对喷丸过程进行数值模拟;使用MATLAB对弹丸空间位置坐标进行随机化处理,形成了大量丸粒冲击工件表面的随机喷丸仿真模型。通过分析确定了喷丸饱和时间,研究了喷射角度、弹丸流量对残余应力场的影响。结果表明:在喷丸参数一定的条件下,存在相应的饱和喷丸时间;研究喷丸参数对残余应力的影响时,应在喷丸达到饱和时间之后提取残余应力值;喷射角度增大,残余压应力增大;开始时弹丸流量增大,残余压应力会有所增大,但当其达到饱和值后,残余压应力不再变化。     

Testing and numerical simulation of a medium strength rock material under unconfined compression loading

This study aims to numerically and experimentally investigate the response of a medium strength rock material under unconfined compression loading up to failure. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is one of the most important parameters in characterising rock material behaviour. Hence the UCS is crucial in understanding the failure mechanism of fractured rocks. An effective approach to determine the UCS and to investigate the behaviours of rock materials under unconfined compression is essential in the majority of research fields of rock mechanics. The experimental configuration for the unconfined compression test, suggested by the protocols of the ASTM standard, has some limitations which affect the accuracy in determination of the real UCS. Among several alternative configurations proposed, the Mogi's configuration seems to be the most appropriate one. Therefore, the ASTM and Mogi's configurations were used to perform the tests on a medium strength rock material, i.e. Pietra Serena sandstone. The results using two configurations were discussed in terms of the differences. The tests were also replicated in LS-DYNA using a finite element method (FEM) coupled smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique. This technique is employed in this study due to its capabilities to cope with large deformation issues related to the rocks. An advanced material model, called the Karagozian and Case Concrete (KCC) model, is implemented in the numerical simulations. The KCC model consists of three independent fixed failure surfaces and it can consider the damage accumulation based on the current state of stress among these failure surfaces. An equation-of-state (EOS) is used in conjunction with KCC material model for decoupling the volumetric and deviatoric responses. The numerical and experimental results were finally compared with the focus on the stress–strain diagram and the failure patterns. The comparison shows that the numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results.