镍阳极氧化膜形成和破坏过程的光电化学响应

测定了镍表面阳极氧化膜在ｐＨ＝８．４硼砂－硼酸缓冲溶液中不同电位下的光电流响应。基于阻抗测量结果的计算表明，钝化膜的平带电位和载流子密度分别为－０．６８Ｖ和１．３×１０（２０）ｃｍ（－３）。对钝化膜和高价氧化膜在形成、生长和破坏过程中的光电流变化进行了现场监测。     

Room-temperature dry sliding wear behavior of γ-Ni/Mo2Ni3Si metal silicide “in situ” composites

Ni-base solid solution (γ) toughened Mo₂Ni₃Si metal silicide “in situ” composites were fabricated with different volume fraction of Mo₂Ni₃Si primary dendrite uniformly distributed in irregular Mo₂Ni₃Si/γ eutectic matrix. Results of room-temperature dry sliding wear tests indicated that the composite with a medium volume fraction of primary Mo₂Ni₃Si phase possessed the best wear resistance by optimum combination of the unique mechanical property of Laves phase Mo₂Ni₃Si and toughening effect of ductile γ phase. The primary wear mechanism is microplowing and soft-abrasion of the interdendritic Mo₂Ni₃Si/γ and subsequent brittle fracture of the hard Mo₂Ni₃Si primary dendrites. Ductile γ phase provided good toughening effect to Mo₂Ni₃Si Laves phase during dry sliding wear process.     

Thermal analysis of laser surface transformation hardening—optimization of process parameters

This paper deals with the optimization of process parameters for maximum productivity (given by the product of scanning velocity and cross feed) in laser transformation hardening. The process parameters considered are laser beam power, P; laser beam diameter, D_b; and the heat intensity distribution, namely, normal, bimodal, or uniform. A thermal analysis of the laser surface transformation hardening of gears was conducted (based on Jaeger’s classical moving heat source method) by considering the laser beam as a moving plane (disc) heat source to establish the temperature rise distribution in the workpiece (gear) of finite width. In a recent investigation [Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 44 (2001) 2845], the authors considered the case of a heat source with a pseudo-Gaussian (or normal) distribution of heat intensity. The analytical results were compared with the experimental results published in the literature. In laser heat treatment of steel, it is generally considered preferable to use a wider heat intensity distribution, such as uniform or bimodal, for it enables more uniform case hardening depth. In this paper, this model is extended to cover bimodal and uniform distributions and compared with the normal distribution. Scanning velocities for no surface melting and for a case hardening depth of 0.1 mm were determined for surface transformation hardening of AISI 1036 (EN 8) steel for a range of laser beam powers, P, laser beam diameters, D_b, and various heat intensity distributions. Since diffusion during the heat treatment (surface transformation hardening) process is a time dependent phenomenon, based on the literature review, an interaction time of 15 ms was taken as a basis. It is hoped that laser industry with adequate facilities available can validate the thermal analysis and subsequent optimization presented in this paper.     

激光超声激励技术研究

激光超声是一种新型无损检测技术，它利用调Q激光器控制能量，采用合适的电路处理技术可在复合材料和金属上产生有价值的超声波信号。介绍了激光超声的产生原理和试验装置，并在表面未处理的不同厚度的复合材料和几何形状复杂的零件部位进行了激光超声激励试验。结果表明该方法可在以上构件中产生有效超声波信号，弥补了常规超声激励方式的不足。     

Microstructure Evolution of Intermetallics Produced by Laser Powder Deposition

NiAl intermetallic alloys are potential high temperaturestructural materials in aeronautical and astronauticalindustries[1].However,the poor ductility andtoughness at room temperature severely restrict theirengineering applications[2,3].It is important todevelop new technology to product intermetallicmaterials for the improvement of the comprehensiveproperties and the workability.Laser powder depositionhas been used to synthesize many new materials.Furthermore,if incorporated with rapid proto…     

FeCrCoWCBY2O3合金激光熔覆层的性能研究

通过对FeCrCoWCBY2O3合金粉末在低碳钢表面进行激光熔覆，获得了C、B含量较高的无裂纹熔覆层，其厚度在1．0～1．5mm之间。利用XRD、SEM等分析了熔覆层的成分及显微组织结构，并测试了涂层的硬度和耐磨性。结果显示：激光处理后表面迅速熔化和冷却，组织由马氏体、残余奥氏体枝晶和枝晶间碳化物组成；熔覆层的硬度比熔覆基体提高3倍多，且硬度最高值不在表层，而在距离表面0．3mm处；耐磨性相对基体提高接近2倍。     

An Experimental Study on Laser Cutting Mechanisms of Polycrystalline Diamond Compacts

The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the cutting mechanisms of polycrystalline diamond compacts (PDC) using two different lasers: (a) a near infrared Nd:YAG laser (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) of 1064 nm wavelength and 100 μs pulse width; and (b) a green light KTP (Potassium Titanyl Phosphate)/Nd:YAG laser of 532 nm wavelength and 120 ns pulse width. To realize the objective, the study applies polishing, lapping and etching processes to the cut-surfaces of the PDC samples. It further observes and analyzes the processed cut-surfaces with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. A discussion is provided to reveal the underlying physics of the laser cutting mechanisms, and a conclusion is drawn based on the outcomes from the experimental investigation and the discussion.     

高性能数控激光切割机设计要点

介绍了激光切割工艺的优点及数控激光切割机的基本构成。在此基础上，重点论述了数控激光切割机主机的构成部件及设计要点。     

The significance of deposition point standoff variations in multiple-layer coaxial laser cladding (coaxial cladding standoff effects)

Direct laser deposition (DLD) is an additive manufacturing process that builds up a part layer-by-layer by fusing metal powder to a solid substrate. A coaxial laser and powder delivery head is commonly used, and here a critical process variable is the standoff distance between the nozzle and the material deposition point. This contribution investigates the role of this variable and the effect that it has on the final part geometry. The experimental results show that good layer consistency can, in fact, be obtained with no movement of the substrate between layers for more than 20 layers, or 10 mm under tested conditions, and that poorer results are obtained by regular movement of the substrate by a badly chosen constant amount. A theoretical analysis of the situation establishes a method to estimate melt pool size using an analytically calculated temperature near the heat source. Based on this, simple heat and mass flow models are established to allow some of the results to be explained.