Expression of expansin gene, MiExpA1, and activity of galactosidase and polygalacturonase in mango fruit as affected by oxalic acid during storage at room temperature

An expansin gene, MiExpA1, from mango fruit (Mangifera indica L. cv. Zill), which had highest homology with MiExpA1 from cv. Dashehari by 96.43% in nucleotide sequence and 95.79% in amino acid sequence, was cloned and characterised. Moreover, effects of oxalic acid on MiExpA1 expression and enzymatic activities of α-galactosidase (α-Gal), β-galactosidase (β-Gal), and polygalacturonase (PG) were investigated after Zill fruit were dipped in 5 mM oxalic acid solution for 10 min and then stored at 25 °C. Application of oxalic acid significantly inhibited decrease in flesh firmness, notably suppressed and delayed MiExpA1 expression in the peel and the flesh, and also significantly decreased activities of these pectolytic enzymes in the flesh. It was suggested that these effects of oxalic acid might collectively contribute to alleviating cell wall disassembly, thereby slowing the process of softening and ripening in mango fruit during storage.     

An ATP-based method for monitoring the microbiological drinking water quality in a distribution network

The titration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by bioluminescence permits rapid evaluation of the quantity of viable micro-organisms present in a water sample. During two sampling campaigns, Société Anonyme de Gestion des Eaux de Paris (SAGEP) tested a new extraction and titration system of bacterial ATP in the Paris drinking water distribution network. As far as the entire set of results of analyses of water in the network is concerned there is a linear relationship between log [ATP] and log(HPC-R2A/ml). Furthermore, as regards the drinking water originating from treatment of surface waters, some of the results obtained indicate a slight change as regards the Paris network in the microbiological quality. This is certainly linked to the distance travelled from the production location as well as to a reservoir effect observed on a site. Conversely, no change is apparent with regard to waters of underground origin. Lastly, despite changes in temperature and chlorine residual, no significant influence has been observed, essentially because of the very low density of culturable bacteria.     

Agro-chronobiology: Integrating circadian clocks /time biology into storage management

Almost all organisms on earth are adapted to anticipate daily environmental cycles and synchronize with these approximately 24-h rhythms by a circadian clock system. Given its importance to organismal success, the field of chronobiology is rapidly expanding unraveling the complex and integral role circadian clocks play. In applied science, these new insights have led to major advances mainly in the field of medicine. In the field of plant rearing and livestock management, the importance of circadian clocks is already acknowledged. Integrating circadian clocks in insect pest management has mainly received theoretical attention. Applying theory to practice is likely delayed because of the difficulty in managing an open environment. The storage environment is easier to control and therefore basic ideas of integrating circadian clocks to pest management could be applied. A cardinal difficulty in storage management is that storage insects develop resistance to common pesticides. This difficulty can be addressed by various manipulations of the insect's chronobiology. In this review, I discuss the various clock-driven behavioural, physiological and genomic processes that might be considered as sensitive targets for agro-chronobiology control. I further suggest that to promote the discipline of agro-chronobiology, the contribution of previous and current studies to the two following approaches in agro-chronobiology should be examined: 1) treating the vulnerable phases of the circadian clock, and 2) distorting the circadian clock system.     

Evaluation of the Listeria monocytogenes inactivation during post-process storage of fermented sausages: A basis for the development of a decision support tool

In situ quantitative data on Listeria monocytogenes survival during storage of vacuum-packaged fermented sausages at various temperatures were collected from the literature to develop a generic predictive model regarding its fate at a specific storage temperature. The development of the tool was based on the z-concept. The time needed for 4D reduction of the pathogen was estimated and its influence by the temperature was further described by linear regression. A secondary model was developed for describing the effect of sausage water activity on the z-concept parameters at the reference temperature. The decision support tool was successfully validated against the studies not used during the development of the model. Based on the model predictions, a decision can be made about the required time of product storage before its distribution to achieve an additional pathogen inactivation. Such tools can be incorporated in a HACCP plan of a food-producing company to assure food safety.     

The effect of small leaks,grain bulk,and the patching of leaks on the performance of hermetic storage

Hermetic storage containers are often used by farmers to protect their harvested grain from insect damage and ultimately stop insect population development. Sometimes holes in a storage container are created by insects or by accident; such holes may reduce the effectiveness of the hermetic storage unit. Using cowpea grain and the cowpea bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (F), we investigated the degree to which holes in a hermetic storage container wall affect the level of grain damage. When there were low numbers of holes, seed damage increased markedly with each additional hole. The grain itself contributed a barrier to oxygen diffusion through the grain mass. If holes in the container wall were patched with a single layer of HDPE film, grain damage was indistinguishable from that seen under full hermetic conditions. We provide evidence that a single layer of woven polypropylene contributes a small but measurable barrier to oxygen penetration into the container.     

蓄能空调的优化设计与经济运行

从蓄能空调技术的意义、基本概念及其延伸发展入手，利用几个典型的工程实例，论述了不同形式蓄能空调的优化设计思路，并对其经济运行情况进行了简要总结。     

储罐地基充水预压现场监控方法

大型储罐基础施工现场监控技术是储运行业的重要课题 ,作者根据多次大型油罐软土地基的试验研究 ,不同项目的现场观测资料分析 ,并参考国外有关文献资料 ,同时结合工程实践 ,提出了储罐基础施工现场监控方法和控制标准的建议。这套监控方法和控制标准 ,已列入 :储罐地基处理规范和储罐地基基础施工验收规范     

某赤泥堆场岩溶防渗治理研究

中铝贵州分公司赤泥堆场碱水外渗针对性地进行岩溶防渗治理研究,开创了在岩溶发育地区强碱水溶液渗漏环境中采用普通硅酸盐水泥高压帷幕灌浆的成功典范,值得类似工程推广和应用。     

基于HBase的BIM模型存储技术研究

随着计算机互联网技术的飞速发展,建筑信息模型技术(BIM)应运而生。BIM作为一种新兴的建筑技术理念,推动着建筑行业发生巨大的变革,同时,大数据、云计算技术也成为当下热门话题。将大数据云计算与BIM技术相结合,将是未来建筑行业的发展趋势。本文研究如何将BIM模型存储在基于大数据平台的开源HBase数据库中。通过对BIM模型的开放性标准IFC的内部结构进行研究及解析,设计出基于IFC的HBase数据库的格式,然后开发基于IFC格式的HBase JAVA API总体类库。最后通过运用HBaseJAVA API存储示例说明存储的技术方法。     

太阳能光伏技术与建筑应用

介绍了太阳能光伏技术的基本原理、系统组成(由太阳能电池板、蓄电池、控制器、逆变器组成)、运行方式(有独立系统、群控系统、并网系统、混合系统、并网混合系统几种运行方式)、太阳能电池板的安装要求等,分析了光伏技术在建筑照明、太阳能水泵、光伏建筑一体化等领域的应用。