Bialgebras for structural operational semantics: An introduction

Bialgebras and distributive laws are an abstract, categorical framework to study various flavors of structural operational semantics. This paper aims to introduce the reader to the basics of bialgebras for operational semantics, and to sketch the state of the art in this research area.     

Form finding of shells by structural optimization

Shell structures are known to be extremely parameter sensitive; even small changes of the initial design, e.g., to the shape of the shell, may drastically change the internal stress state. The ideal case for concrete shells is a pure membrane stress state in compression for all loading conditions. Since in many realistic situations the solution for an optimal shape is not obvious, the need for form finding methods is evident. This paper presents computational methods of structural optimization as a general tool for the form finding of shells. The procedure as a synthesis of design modelling, structural analysis and mathematical optimization is discussed with special emphasis on the modelling stage. Several examples show the power of the approach and the similarities to experimental solutions.     

Description of Structural Damage Caused by the Terrorist Attack on the Pentagon

On September 11, 2001, an airliner was intentionally crashed into the Pentagon. It struck at the first elevated slab on the west wall, and slid approximately 310?ft (94.5?m) diagonally into the building. The force of the collision demolished numerous columns and the fa?ade of the exterior wall, and induced damage to first-floor columns and the first elevated slab over an area approximately 90?ft (27.4?m) wide and 310?ft (94.5?m) long. None of the building collapsed immediately. The portion that remained standing, even after an intense fire, sustained substantial damage at the first-floor level.     

A review of modeling approaches for oriented semi-crystalline polymers

Modeling changes in the physical properties of oriented semi-crystalline polymer films is beneficial for understanding the fundamentals associated with structure property relationships and could be used for developing new polymer films with significantly enhanced physical properties. Relating the molecular changes observed in oriented polymer films to inherent polymer characteristics provides valuable insight for the development of new polymers which exhibit enhanced physical properties upon orientation. Modeling efforts will be reviewed that have attempted to use fiber composite theory to explain the transitions seen during the orientation process.     

Phase I IASC-ASCE Structural Health Monitoring Benchmark Problem Using Simulated Data

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a promising field with widespread application in civil engineering. Structural health monitoring has the potential to make structures safer by observing both long-term structural changes and immediate postdisaster damage. However, the many SHM studies in the literature apply different monitoring methods to different structures, making side-by-side comparison of the methods difficult. This paper details the first phase in a benchmark SHM problem organized under the auspices of the IASC–ASCE Structural Health Monitoring Task Group. The scale-model structure adopted for use in this benchmark problem is described. Then, two analytical models based on the structure—one a 12 degree of freedom (DOF) shear-building model, the other a 120-DOF model, both finite element based—are given. The damage patterns to be identified are listed as well as the types and number of sensors, magnitude of sensor noise, and so forth. MATLAB computer codes to generate the response data for the various cases are explained. The codes, as well as details of the ongoing Task Group activities, are available on the Task Group web site at 〈http://wusceel.cive.wustl.edu/asce.shm/〉.     

"定性结构力学"的内容体系及其在工程中的应用

在教学实践的基础上,结合工程实践,介绍了定性结构力学的内容体系,包括概念设计、计算模型的建立和简化、估算判断和计算结果的定性分析.并通过工程案例说明定性结构力学的重要意义.     

加劲压力钢管结构优化设计

提出了改进加劲压力钢管设计的新思想,建立了加劲压力钢管结构优化设计的数学模型,介绍了约束非线性混合离散变量最优化方法的基本原理及其工程应用,研制了加劲压力钢管结构优化设计通用程序（ＯＳＤＰＲ）。结合工程实例,对加劲压力钢管进行优化设计,经济效益显著。     

盘式自动折叠纸盒结构设计中的数学模型

盘式自动折叠纸盒因其方便性得到了广泛的应用.本文讨论了盘式自动折叠纸盒的折叠角及体板高度等数学问题,为该类包装纸盒CAD开发建立了有效的数学模型.     

基于结构相似性和压缩变换的聚类方法

针对聚类分析在处理任意形状、任意密度和具有一定结构特征的数据集时存在的不足,首先在数据空间中建立离散拓扑流形,通过在此结构上定义邻域密度相似性和邻域密度变化光滑性两个相对性度量标准,并利用可达性给出样本结构相似性和类结构的定义,证明类结构关系是一个等价关系。然后将结构相似性当作吸引力,设计基于压缩变换的聚类方法,该方法具备处理任意形状、任意密度和解释性好等许多优点。最后在人工数据集和标准数据集上的比较实验结果表明,该方法在聚类效率和有效性上都明显优于其它聚类算法。     

一种针对图像模糊的无参考质量评价指标

在成像模型的基础上,分析了图像模糊的原因,提出了一种为图像构造参考图像的方法,进而将结构相似度(SSIM)评价方法引入到无参考图像质量评价中,提出一种无参考结构清晰度(NRSS)的新的无参考图像质量评价方法,将其用于对模糊图像的质量评价。该方法通过低通滤波器来构造参考图像,通过计算原始图像与参考图像的结构相似度值来评价原始图像质量,很好地结合了成像系统的数学模型和结构相似度评价方法的优势,实验结果表明无参考结构清晰度评价指标能够给出和主观评价方法以及其余有参考评价方法一致的结果。