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81.
非接触型光外差轮廓仪 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍一种纳米级非接触型高精度光外差轮廓仪,它是基于普通光路的光外差干涉仪。工件表面被两束有微小频差的激光束所照射,其中一束经聚焦后用作测量光探针来扫描工件表面,另一束则用作参考光束。两束光经表面反射后产生干涉。测量信号和参考信号的相位差与表面的微不平值成正比。仪器的横向分辨率为2μm,高度分辨率为1 nm,它不需要对试样作大范围的调整,且可用试样自身作参考面。信号经光电转换后由微型计算机进行处理,它能快速完成测量、计算、显示及打印出各种参数和曲线。 相似文献
82.
Different fluorination methods were applied to modify the surface properties of carbon fibers. The relationship between the degree of fluorination and the physicochemical properties of carbon fibers was studied using a combination of mechanical tests, elemental analysis (EA), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). EA and XPS analyses of fluorinated carbon fibers showed that treatment with mixtures of F2/O2 introduced a much higher fluorine concentration than that with F2 only. However, XRD analysis showed that there was no increase in the interlayer distance, due to the mild fluorination condition applied. Consequently, the oxyfluorination was one of the more effective methods to increase surface polarity of carbon fibers, which probably played an important role in improving the tensile properties of the fibers in the epoxy resin system. 相似文献
83.
84.
Shafeeque G. Ansari Mushtaq Ahmad Dar Young-Soon Kim Hyung-Kee Seo Gil-Sung Kim Rizwan Wahab Zubaida A. Ansari Jae-Myung Seo Hyung-Shik Shin 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2008,25(3):593-598
A comparative study for the nucleation of diamond was carried out using surface treatment like (i) surface scratching with
1 μm diamond paste and (ii) surface etching using chlorine plasma at different RF powers (50, 100 and 150 W). Atomic force
microscopic study shows variation in roughness from 31 nm to 110 nm. Scratching results in random scratches, whereas plasma
etches a surface uniformly. Scanning electron microscopic observations show well faceted crystallites with a predominance
of angular shaped grains corresponding to 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 crystallite surfaces for the scratched as well as plasma etched
substrate. Surface etching at 150 W plasma power results in a better growth in comparison with 50 and 100 W plasma powers.
Chlorine-radical is found responsible for the changes in the growth morphology. Raman spectroscopy shows a sharp peak at 1,332
cm−1 and a peak at ∼1,580 cm−1 for both samples. 相似文献
85.
测试了氧化锌颗粒膜电阻响应-恢复特性,讨论了颗粒形态,加热电压、环境气氛、气氛浓度和注入方式等因素对电阻响应-恢复特性的影响。结果表明,随着加热电压的升高,电阻响应-恢复的速度和程度明显加大;断续注入时颗粒膜电阻值的响应随着浓度的增加逐步减弱. 相似文献
86.
Ahmad Nozad Golikand Elaheh Lohrasbi Mohammad Ghannadi Maragheh Mehdi Asgari 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2008,38(6):869-874
The effect of carbon surface oxidation on platinum supported carbon particles (Pt/C) with nitric acid was investigated by
cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization experiments and chronoamperometry. Cyclic voltammograms,
polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectra showed that the treated catalyst had much larger active surface
area and higher ionic conductivity than the untreated catalyst, and provided enhanced performance for oxygen reduction. The
formation of acidic groups was examined by IR spectra. The Pt/C surface oxidation had a large effect on the performance of
a gas diffusion electrode for oxygen reduction reaction. 相似文献
87.
This paper reports off-lattice Monte Carlo simulations of highly-branched comb homopolymers weakly adsorbed on a flat, featureless surface showing only covolume and dispersion interactions with the adsorbate. A minimal coarse-grained model, described by hard spheres connected by harmonic springs, was employed. The interaction energy of the adsorbed combs and linear chains is first discussed as a function of the molecular mass and of the number of beads in contact with the surface. The molecular size is then investigated as a function of backbone length and branching density at a fixed arm size. The apparent swelling exponents of the adsorbed combs are larger than those of the corresponding linear chains, and much larger than that of the free molecules. This result indicates a surface-induced stiffening of the comb backbone, further studied through the persistence length lpers. It is found that lpers increases upon adsorption over the free-molecule value, more so the larger is the branching density. Finally, the thickness of the adsorbed layer, the surface-induced molecular anisotropy and the molecular aspect ratio are investigated as a function of branching density and molecular mass. 相似文献
88.
Didier SBILLEAU 《核技术(英文版)》2003,14(1)
We present here a general overview of electron spectroscopies from a practical point of view. The most frequently used ones are described and the type of structural information they can provide on materials is explained in relation to the physical processes on which they are based. Furthermore, we explore critically and in detail various tools that have been developed to allow a systematic solving of structures by these spectroscopies. 相似文献
89.
油煤浆的管道输送特性与管路设计原则 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
宋新南 《石油学报(石油加工)》2003,19(2):94-100
通过理论分析和管道实验,探讨了油煤浆在工业管道输送中的流变特性、流动状态和阻力特性,得出了油煤浆的物性参数、表观参数、管道阻力参数的测定值和计算公式,并在此基础上探讨了油煤浆管道输送的设计原则,为油煤浆管路的设计提供基础数据、计算方法和一般原则。 相似文献
90.
Carbon-based nanoparticles synthesized by heat treatment of nanodiamond in the temperature range of 1000–1900 °C were added to PTFE film to investigate the structural effect of the carbon particles on the tribological properties of PTFE composite film. Carbon-based nanoparticles were prepared by milling with micron sized beads in chemically treated water before their addition to PTFE film. The wear and frictional properties of PTFE nanocomposite film were measured by the ball on plate type wear test. The wear resistance of PTFE film was found to be enhanced by the addition of 2 wt% of carbon nanoparticles. The wear coefficient of PTFE film was decreased from 16.2 to 3.5 × 10−6 mm3/N m by the addition of carbon-based nanoparticles heat-treated at 1000 °C. Increasing the heating temperature of the nanodiamonds caused the extent of aggregation and particle size to increase. The wear resistance of PTFE nanocomposite film was enhanced by the addition of nanodiamonds heat-treated at 1000 °C, but decreased when the heat treatment temperature of carbon nanoparticles was further increased. Tribological behavior of PTFE nanocomposite films depending on the types of carbon nanoparticles were explained based on the structural, physical and chemical modification of carbon nanoparticles. 相似文献