基于相干两点源的虚假运动目标生成方法

针对传统的2维移频干扰生成的虚假运动目标对抗双通道合成孔径雷达地面运动目标指示(SAR-GMTI)时,存在方位位置固定、径向速度无法控制的问题,该文提出一种基于双干扰机协同的移频调制新型虚假运动目标生成方法。该方法通过2维移频调制控制虚假目标的位置,使用双干扰机协同控制虚假目标的径向速度,其中双干扰机通过幅相调制系数进行协同,幅相调制系数可通过解线性方程组进行求解。文中分析了单干扰机移频干扰对抗双通道SAR-GMTI的局限性,介绍了双干扰机协同欺骗干扰模型,给出了幅相调制系数求解方法和虚假运动目标生成步骤。理论分析和仿真实验验证了文中提出方法的有效性,并且在虚假运动目标生成过程中,只使用了2维移频调制,实现方法较为简单,对实际工程应用具有一定参考价值。     

基于“数据驱动＋智能学习”的合成孔径雷达学习成像

对感兴趣目标的数量、位置、型号等参数信息的精确获取一直是合成孔径雷达(SAR)技术中最为重要的研究内容之一。现阶段的SAR信息处理主要分为成像和解译两大部分,两者的研究相对独立。SAR成像和解译各自开发了大量算法,复杂度越来越高,但SAR解译并未因成像分辨率提升而变得简单,特别是对重点目标识别率低的问题并未从本质上得以解决。针对上述问题,该文从SAR成像解译一体化角度出发,尝试利用“数据驱动+智能学习”的方法提升机载SAR的信息处理能力。首先分析了基于“数据驱动+智能学习”方法的SAR成像解译一体化的可行性及现阶段存在的主要问题;在此基础上,提出一种“数据驱动+智能学习”的SAR学习成像方法,给出了学习成像框架、网络参数选取方法、网络训练方法和初步的仿真结果,并分析了需要解决的关键性技术问题。      

综合孔径辐射计可见度函数预处理算法及时域仿真研究

该文研究了干涉式综合孔径辐射计可见度函数的预处理算法,包括A/D偏置校正、三阶数字相关系数到模拟相关系数的校正、IQ非正交校正以及空间去相关的误差校正等等。由于这是首次将三阶量化数字相关的定标方法应用于对地观测领域,对其进行了详细的分析。该文利用蒙特卡洛方法对可见度函数的预处理算法进行了时域仿真的研究。并通过地球同步轨道毫米波大气温度探测仪地面样机系统对算法进行了验证,证明了该算法的正确性。经过可见度预处理算法校正得到的结果的绝对误差小于真值的0.1%。证明该算法可以应用于地球同步轨道毫米波大气温度探测仪星载系统定标中,经过校正得到的相关结果可以直接用于亮温图像的反演。     

Key technology of D-InSAR at X-band for monitoring land subsidence in mining area and its application

In theory, land subsidence measurement results with high accuracy can be obtained by using the Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar （D-InSAR） at X-band. In practice, however, the measuring accuracy of D-InSAR at X-band has been seriously affected by some factors, e.g., decorrelation and high deformation gradient. In this work, the monitoring capability of D-InSAR for coal-mining subsidence is evaluated by using SAR data acquired by TerrraSAR-X system. The SAR image registration method for low coherence image pairs, the denoising phase filter for high noise level interferogram and atmospheric effects mitigation method are the key technical aspects which directly influence the measurement results of D-InSAR at X-band. Thus, a robust image registration method, an improved phase filter method and an atmospheric effects mitigation method are proposed in this paper. The proposed image registration method successfully achieves InSAR coregistration, while the amplitude cross-correlation cannot properly coregister low coherence SAR image pairs. Moreover, the time complexity of the proposed image registration method is obviously slighter than that of the Singular Value Decomposition （SVD） method. The comparing experiment results and the unwrapping phase results show that the improved Goldstein filter is more effective than the original Goldstein filter in noise elimination. The atmospheric influence correction experiment results show that the land subsidence areas with atmospheric influence correction are more clarified than that of without at- mospheric influence correction. In summary, the presented methods directly improved the measurement results of D-InSAR at X-band.     

基于自适应动量估计优化器与空变最小熵准则的SAR图像船舶目标自聚焦算法

在SAR散焦船舶图像中,部分船舶目标的散焦现象具有沿距离向空变的特性.针对此类散焦船舶目标,该文提出了一种基于自适应动量估计优化器与空变最小熵准则的SAR图像船舶目标自聚焦算法,该算法直接对复图像进行处理,可以实现对任意阶次相位误差的补偿.在仿真数据和GF-3数据上的实验结果表明,所提算法可以有效地实现SAR图像空变散...     

Reconstruct azimuth signal and suppress interbeam ambiguities of SPCMB SAR with hybrid filterbank

Conventional Synthetic Aperture Radar （SAR） systems cannot obtain high-resolution and wide-swath illumination area due to the well-known minimum antenna area constraint. Single Phase Center MultiBeam （SPCMB） technique can overcome this limitation by adding spatial sampling through multiple receivers in azimuth direction. Unfortunately, this approach will lead to an increase of azimuth ambiguities （interbeam ambiguities）, because each receive beam＇s mainlobe overlaps with the other ones＇ sidelobes. This paper proves that the front part of SPCMB SAR systems can be considered to be a hybrid filterbank. Therefore, the azimuth signal can be reconstructed and the interbeam ambiguities can be effectively suppressed by a well-designed hybrid filterbank.     

一种新的InSAR合成相位展开算法

提出一种新的InSAR二维相位展开方法。该合成算法充分利用了枝切法和有限元方法的优点。方法的核心是确定相位可靠区域与不可靠区域,有效避免了相位误差从不可靠区域向可靠区域的传递,保证了可靠区域相位展开结果的精度,较大程度上提高了整体的相位展开结果精度。仿真数据实验结果验证了这种合成算法的有效性。     

Clutter suppression method for heterogeneous environment

Clutter suppression is a key process in ground moving target indication (GMTI). Adaptive filtering is an effective method for clutter suppression but the performance degrades severely in heterogeneous clutter environment. To solve this problem, a new clutter suppression method is proposed. The approach uses subspace tracking technique to update clutter subspace of different clutter patches which may mitigating the heterogeneous effects. Simulation results illustrate that the method performs well when lacking of the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) samples.     

编队卫星SAR系统的模糊函数分析

从编队卫星SAR的特点出发,定义了编队卫星SAR的模糊函数,推导出了模糊函数的数学表达式,并进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果充分验证了本函数的有效性。通过分析模糊函数可以直观地看出编队卫星构型对系统分辨率的影响,这为卫星构型的选择提供了依据。     

短脉冲非相参雷达的逆合成孔径成像及其稀疏恢复成像技术

短脉冲非相参雷达(NCSP)的辐射源输出微波脉冲持续时间短,针对于高速运动目标而言,其脉冲持续时间内的目标运动可忽略不计,对回波信号不需进行专门的脉冲内运动补偿。为了利用短脉冲非相参雷达信号进行逆合成孔径雷达成像,该文应用补偿相参处理的方法,去除辐射信号包络时间不确定性和初始相位的不确定性影响,在常规方法进行包络对齐和初相补偿后可利用距离-多普勒(RD)方法进行逆合成孔径雷达成像,仿真验证了补偿后信号成像的可行性。然而,短脉冲非相参雷达的载频随机抖动的因素会导致距离-多普勒成像结果在多普勒维度产生随机调制的旁瓣,影响成像的质量。利用稀疏恢复技术,在成像空间中对目标的散射中心进行稀疏重构,利用正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法和稀疏贝叶斯学习(SBL)算法进行成像,从而实现了抑制非相参因素引起的成像旁瓣,改进了成像质量,通过仿真验证了方法可行性。