新型牙科铸钛专用包埋料的研制

研究了自制磷酸盐包埋料焙烧温度与膨胀率及膨胀系数之间,焙烧温度、固化时间与抗拉强度之间的关系,以及室温条件下一次包埋时包埋料与纯钛的界面反应情况.结果表明:包埋料的最大凝固膨胀率为0.1%,800℃的热膨胀率为0.46%,总膨胀率为0.56%,完全可以满足实际义齿铸造的要求.焙烧后抗拉强度在0.3～0.35MPa之间,正常固化24h后,包埋料的抗拉强度为2.35MPa,已经能够满足铸造过程的需要.Zr、P元素在纯钛中的扩散很小,可以忽略不计.金属元素Mg的扩散深度约为6μm,Al的扩散深度约为20μm,Si的扩散深度约为15μm,可以通过表面处理来保证铸件质量.     

Microstructural dependency of thermal expansion and sintering shrinkage in plasma-sprayed zirconia coatings

The effect of microstructure upon thermal expansion and sintering shrinkage in plasma-sprayed zirconia coatings was investigated by an accurate dilatometry. Cut-out samples with different microstructures were prepared from 5.8-mm-thick atmospheric plasma-sprayed (APS) and water-stabilized plasma coatings (WSP). It was quantitatively determined that the samples cut out of different thickness positions had minor differences in microstructure, and these APS samples largely differed from the WSP samples. The thermal expansion behaviors of all the samples coincided after a short annealing time despite their initial structural differences. On the other hand, all the samples showed a significant difference in sintering shrinkages with annealing at 1400 °C. This result was consistent with the theoretical result calculated with Cipitria's sintering model in terms of the relationship between shrinkage and microstructure. It was therefore demonstrated that the initial microstructure, particularly the splat thickness and the inter-splat pore height, exerts a great influence on the sinterability of plasma-sprayed coatings.     

超音速火焰喷涂涂层抗高温氧化和耐冲蚀性能

采用超音速火焰喷涂（HVOF）技术喷涂WC涂层，并对其抗高温氧化和耐冲蚀性能进行测定。试验结果显示，与基体1Cr12W1MoV比较，HVOF制备的WC-17Co、WC-12Co、NiCrBSi＋35WC涂层具有非常良好的抗高温氧化和耐冲蚀性能。其中WC-17Co涂层在任何冲蚀角度下均表现出优良的抗冲蚀能力，是一种理想的汽轮机高压部件防护涂层。     

石英砂热膨胀性的研究

以大林砂、围场砂、平潭砂等为研究对象,采用自制的铸造用砂热膨胀性测定仪,分别对不同产地的铸造用砂的随温热膨胀和等温热膨胀进行了测试,对其热膨胀特性进行了研究.结果发现,石英砂的膨胀以热膨胀为主,相变膨胀为辅.膨胀量受加热温度、砂子粒度以及SiO2含量的影响.经700 ℃热再生的石英砂的热膨胀性低于同类新砂.     

挤压铸造凝固过程热-力耦合模拟 Ⅰ.数学模型及求解方法

开发了模拟挤压铸造凝固过程中铸件温度、应力及形状变化的有限元模型.该模型包括了凝固过程中潜热的释放和体积收缩效应、界面传热和变形的相互作用以及凝固壳在冲头压力下的变形等.应力场模拟中采用热弹粘塑性本构模型描述凝固壳的变形,并对液相和糊状区进行了特殊处理.利用接触算法处理铸件与模具界面,并且采用一种特殊的迭代法来模拟冲头的运动.该模型可以用来研究模具设计和工艺参数(如模具温度及冲头压力等)对铸件质量的影响.     

基于SOV的机械产品装配过程质量因素耦合模型

为提高机械产品的装配精度,从而最终提高装配质量稳定性,提出了一种基于SOV理论的机械装配过程质量因素耦合模型.利用灰色关联分析法,识别机械装配过程中影响产品质量的因素,在此基础上,利用状态空间方程构建机械装配系统的误差传递模型,以实现质量影响因素耦合关系的定量分析,提高机械装配过程质量控制与优化策略的时效性.最后以HFUTIE-MES为应用实例,验证了上述方法的可行性和实用性.     

基于数控加工工序集中要求的程控气动夹具设计

结合某系列升降机产品中联轴器零件实例,分析了某B型联轴器零件传统工艺、数控加工工艺及夹具设计相互关联.根据联轴器零件数控加工对夹具柔性化要求,提出工序集中的机械零件定位规划必须满足夹具定位基准选择相同原则;设计了一款PLC程序控制气动夹具,以西门子S7-200PLC编制程序控制夹具正确定位与顺序夹紧模块,并通过实验成功调试;简要叙述西门子中档数控系统的机床PLC程序控制开发.文章为实际生产同类机械零件的加工工艺方案设计和进一步实现程序控制气动夹具融入到数控机床中的柔性制造系统提供理论技术借鉴.     

Investigation of the titanium–indium system

The phase diagram of the Ti–In system was determined using DTA, XRD and EDX analyses. The existence of the phases Ti₂In₅ [Mn₂Hg₅ type structure, space group P4/mbm, a=0.99995(3), c=0.29960(2) nm] and Ti₃In [Ni₃Sn type structure, space group P6₃/mmc, a=0.5978(1), c=0.4812(1) nm] was confirmed. The phase previously labeled Ti₃In₂ was found to exist in a narrow homogeneity region near Ti₅₆In₄₄. Rietveld refinement of the XRD powder pattern yielded solutions compatible with a Cu₃Au-type or a BiIn-type crystal structure, but not with a CuAu-type crystal structure. Furthermore, at 38.5 at.% In, a new phase was observed having a γ-brass related crystal structure [Ti₈In₅, space group , a=0.99578(6) nm]. The intermetallic phases were formed by a cascade of peritectic reactions ending in a eutectic at >99 at.% indium between Ti₂In₅ and (In) at 0.4 K below the melting temperature of pure indium.     

高镍球铁的球化、孕育工艺的热分析

采用热分析的方法分析高镍球铁的球化、孕育效果及球化衰退过程中温度-时间曲线特征点的变化;对高镍球铁的球化衰退时间进行具体的试验分析.结合金相组织照片对石墨形态变化过程进行观察和验证.结果表明:MgNi球化剂球化效果良好,在4～6 min内浇注不会产生球化衰退.     

Effects of potential, temperature and pH on hydrogen absorption and thermal desorption behaviors of Ni-Ti superelastic alloy in 0.9% NaCl solution

The effects of electrochemical potential, solution temperature and pH on the hydrogen absorption and desorption behaviors of Ni-Ti superelastic alloy immersed in 0.9% NaCl solution for 2 h have been investigated systematically by hydrogen thermal desorption analysis. For hydrogen cathodic charging under constant applied potential, upon increasing solution temperature, the critical potential for the hydrogen absorption very slightly shifts to a noble direction. As solution pH decreases, the critical potential for the hydrogen absorption shifts markedly to a noble direction and approaches to the corrosion potential; the critical current density for the hydrogen absorption slightly decreases. At a less noble potential than the critical potential for the hydrogen absorption, the amount of absorbed hydrogen increases markedly with decreasing applied potential. For hydrogen cathodic charging under constant current density, the amount of absorbed hydrogen increases with increasing solution temperature and decreasing solution pH. The basic hydrogen desorption behavior only slightly depends on solution temperature or pH. Nevertheless, hydrogen desorption at low temperatures for specimens subjected to cathodic charging under constant current density is observed distinctly as compared with that under constant applied potential.