UV涂料在户外的应用

本文简述了辐射固化技术的发展历史，回顾了我国辐射固化涂料的发展状况，介绍了户外用UV涂料的特点、制备及国外最新进展。     

Potential of microbial growth control in water hydraulic systems by UV‐irradiation and filtration

Water hydraulic systems use water as a pressure medium and, thus, do not pose such adverse environmental impacts as oil hydraulics. Microbial deterioration of the pressure medium and biofouling of the surfaces restrict the applicability of the water‐based technology. The potential of microbial growth control by UV‐irradiation and filtration was studied in a pilot‐scale water hydraulic system. The UV‐irradiation (25 m Ws cm^?2) of the pressure medium reduced the total viable counts of bacteria by 1–2 log₁₀ cfu cm^?3, whereas the total microbial cell numbers and the numbers of surface‐attached microorganisms remained unaffected. Prefiltration (1.2 µm, absolute) of the pressure medium decreased the total microbial cell number in the water phase and retarded the attachment of bacteria. The filtration during the operation (2 µm, absolute) decreased the total numbers of microbial cells and the total viable counts in the pressure medium, and microbial attachment on the surfaces. Microbial attachment was not prevented by filtration. The microbial water quality obtained by pre‐ and on‐line filtration of the pressure medium was sufficient to ensure the long‐term operation of the water hydraulic system assuming that clean work practices are complied with in assembly and during the operation. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

改性蓖麻油制备UV光固化涂料的研究

研究了改性蓖麻油制备UV光固化涂料。由蓖麻油、环氧丙烯酸树脂UVR6100、光引发剂UVI6990制得的涂料具有优良的光泽、良好的柔韧性、良好的附着力与硬度，且当改性蓖麻油含量为40％时，漆膜性能最为优良。     

多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成及性能研究

采取两步法合成了高官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯,用实时红外光谱研究了多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的光聚合动力学,并研究了多官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯与其它单体配方的机械性能。研究发现随着丙烯酸官能度的增多,双键转化率也随之降低;官能度的增加会提高漆膜的硬度。     

高柔韧性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成及应用

选用不同结构的多元醇作骨架，合成一系列高性能的聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂，并通过对聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂性能的对比研究，发现以聚丁二烯二元醇为骨架的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂具有极佳的柔韧性和优异的低温耐曲折性。     

Role of sand on curing of partex surface by UV radiation

A partex surface was modified by a UV‐curing system with epoxy acrylate (EB‐600). A set of formulations was prepared with oligomer and the trifunctional monomer trimethylol propane triacrylate in different combinations of percentages (1–5%) of sand to study the role of sand in various physical properties of UV‐cured thin films, as well as partex surfaces. Increased pendulum hardness (PH), gloss, adhesion, and abrasion values were obtained by the addition of sand into the partex surfaces. The best results were obtained with the formulation containing 3% sand. An enhanced PH and a decreased percentage of gel content of the UV‐cured film was observed with an increase of the sand concentration. A simulated weathering test was performed with partex surfaces cured by a formulation containing 3% sand in the base coat. The losses of the physical properties were found to be lower over the surface treated with the formulation containing sand. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2385–2392, 2002     

Effect of alkali and ultraviolet (UV) radiation pretreatment on physical and mechanical properties of 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate–grafted jute yarn by UV radiation

To improve the physicomechanical properties of jute yarn, grafting with 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) monomer was performed by a UV radiation technique. A series of HDDA solutions of various concentrations in methanol were prepared. A small quantity of photoinitiator (Darocur‐1664) was also added to HDDA solutions. To optimize the conditions for grafting, the effects of monomer concentration, soaking time, and radiation doses were studied by varying the number of soaking times along with variation of monomer concentrations and UV radiation intensities. The extent of polymer loading and the mechanical properties like tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (Eb), and tensile modulus of both treated and untreated jute were investigated. The highest tensile strength, polymer loading, and modulus were achieved with 5% HDDA concentration, 5 min soaking time, and the 4th pass of UV radiation. This set of conditions was selected as optimum and produced enhanced tensile strength (67%), modulus (108%), and polymer loading (11%) over those of virgin fiber. To further improve the mechanical properties the jute yarns were pretreated with alkali (5% NaOH) solution and after that the alkali‐treated yarn were treated under UV radiation of various intensities. The pretreated samples were grafted with optimized monomer concentration (5% HDDA). Increased properties of alkali + UV‐pretreated and grafted samples such as polymer loading (12%), tensile strength (103%), elongation at break (46%), and modulus (114%) were achieved over those of virgin jute yarn. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 18–24, 2004     

Theoretical Aspects Of The Kinetics Of Competitive First Reactions Of Ozone In The O3/H2O2 And O3/UV Oxidation Processes

Kinetics of competition between the ozone direct reaction with compounds in water, ozone-hydroperoxide ion reaction leading to free radicals in the O₃/H₂O₂ process, and the photolysis of ozone in the O₃/UV process are discussed in terms of diffusion and reaction times to establish conditions for these reactions to be competitive. Film theory and chemical kinetic concepts then are applied to estimate initial rates of ozone absorption and consumption, removal rates of compounds present in water, and the importance of the radical oxidation path versus direct ozone and/or photolysis reactions.     

Effect of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn2+ on properties of polyaniline nanoparticles

Uniform polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles with typical sizes of about 50 nm were electropolymerized on indium tin oxide surfaces in the presence of Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Zn²⁺. According to shaping theory, we first suggest the reason forming PANI spherical particles. Their conductivity, UV‐vis spectra, FTIR spectra, X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis were investigated. The conductivities and crystallinity of PANI doped with these ions are higher than those of PANI doped with HCl (PANI/HCl). Both UV‐vis absorption spectra and FTIR spectra indicate the interactions between Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Zn²⁺ and PANI chains. TG analysis also shows that the thermal stability of PANI doped by Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Zn²⁺ is lower than that of PANI/HCl. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

酸、碱及盐对胶乳法氯化天然橡胶热稳定性的影响

采用热老化实验结合紫外光谱分析和热分析，分析了酸、碱及盐对胶乳法氯化天然橡胶(CNR)热稳定性的影响，并讨论了酸、碱及盐对CNR热降解的影响机理。研究结果表明：胶乳法CNR产品中含有酸、碱、盐时，对CNR的结构有不利的影响，其影响随含量增高而增大，其中又以碱对结构的不利影响最大。因此，在胶乳法生产CNR的生产工艺中，最后的酸碱中和、洗涤2道工序必须严格控制工艺条件，保证半成品的pH值和含盐量达到标准。