5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢元素偏析及均匀化处理

 高硅奥氏体不锈钢由于高含量硅元素的加入使其具有优异的耐高温腐蚀性能和较低的成本,在制酸行业有着潜在的应用价值。然而,该合金中高含量硅元素的加入会促进凝固过程中溶质再分配,进而造成显著的元素偏析,最终导致合金内部产生枝晶组织和大量的有害相。对铸锭组织进行均匀化处理能够有效消除枝晶与元素偏析,促进析出相回溶和枝晶消融,从而改善材料的热塑性,有效应对热变形开裂问题。因此,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜能谱分析(SEM/EDS)、电子探针(EPMA)、JMatPro软件计算等方法,研究了实验室条件下制备的5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢铸锭的显微组织和元素分布状态,通过残余偏析指数、扩散动力学计算并结合均匀化处理试验验证,最终确定了5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢合理的均匀化处理工艺。结果表明,5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢凝固过程中钼元素偏析最为严重,通过残余偏析指数模型计算得到的均匀化动力学方程可用来指导该成分合金的均匀化处理工艺;5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢经过1 150 ℃×12 h均匀化处理后,铸锭内枝晶消融,元素偏析基本消除,析出相与铁素体回溶到基体中,合金转变为全奥氏体组织,热塑性得到改善;当加热温度达到1 250 ℃时,合金出现过烧现象,晶界开始熔化。     

Microstructural evidence for short-circuit oxygen diffusion paths in the oxidation of a dilute Ni-Cr alloy

A comparative study of high-temperature oxidation of Ni containing 1 at.% Cr and pure Ni was carried out. Instead of the conventional kinetics study using thermogravimetry, a microlithographic marker experiment was designed. Observation of the markers using cross-sectional TEM and SEM has revealed striking differences in the scale morphology, microstructures, and oxidation mechanisms between pure Ni and the Cr-doped Ni substrates. In particular, the results suggest that a small addition of Cr promotes significant inward transport of oxygen. Marker experiments revealed that NiO grown on pure Ni is wholly attributable to outward-cation diffusion. In contrast, NiO grown on Ni–1 at.% Cr exhibited formation of a substantial inner layer having a submicron grain size, established by the markers to have formed from oxygen ingress. For pure Ni, voids were observed to be distributed only within oxide grains. In contrast, for Ni containing 1 at.% Cr, elongated pores formed extensively along oxide-grain boundaries. Formation of new fine-grain oxide in these pores was observed to have sometimes completely resealed the void. It is, therefore, proposed that the transport of oxygen in the case of oxide scale grown on Ni–1 at.% Cr occurs via voids (pores) formed by vacancy coalescence at the grain boundaries.     

SiC连续纤维增强Ti基复合材料界面反应扩散研究进展

介绍了目前研究Ti基复合材料界面反应扩散模型、界面反应的动力学和热力学、界面反应扩散控制机理。以及障碍涂层对界面反应扩散的影响。指出SiC纤维增强Ti基复合材料界面反应扩散的研究重点和发展方向。     

α黄铜选择性溶解的研究

采用恒电流E-t曲线与旋转盘环电极方法研究了α黄铜(Cu32Zn)在酸性Na2SO4和HNO3稀溶液中的阳极溶解行为,得到的典型E-t曲线上存在几个特征区,证明在较低电流密度条件下的初始阶段只存在Zn的选择性溶解。用恒电位法研究了Cu32Zn选择性溶解过程,得到了按抛物线衰减的暂态扩散曲线,由i-t-1/2直线关系求得了不同介质中Cu32Zn中Zn的固相扩散系数D在10-16～10-13cm2·s-1数量级,发现中性介质中测出的D值比酸性介质中要大两个数量级。     

氯化铜在水溶液中的扩散系数的测定SCIEI

用膈膜池法测定了298K条件下CuCl_2在CuCl_2和CuCl_2-HCl水溶液中的扩散系数。发现CuCl_2的扩散系数与其浓度依赖性主要取决于它的化学位和溶液的粘度。     

预应变对16MnR钢断裂韧性的影响SCIEI

本文实验发现预应变对16MnR钢的断裂韧性具有显著的影响,断裂过程中裂尖区域材料的组织结构发生了变化,裂纹在二次珠光体组织上扩展。16MnR钢断裂韧性的大小取决于碳原子的扩散及二次珠光体组织生成的难易程度。     

基于容量参数的二次电池嵌入型电极材料固相扩散系数的测定方法

介绍了一种以容量参数为主变量的测定锂二次电池中电极材料固相扩散系数的方法.该方法只需颗粒半径这一辅助参数,通过球型扩散模型建立了恒流-恒压充电容量(RPG)比,进一步发展成为容量间歇滴定技术(CITT).采用RPG法可在较宽的电压范围内测定嵌入型电极材料的平均固相扩散系数,实验结果重现性好.由RPG法测得0～1.5 V时锂离子在石墨电极中的平均固相扩散系数值为1.055×10-10cm2/s.由CITT技术测得锂离子在LiMn2 O4中的固相扩散系数在3.95 V和4.12 V左右存在个两个极小峰,且随着循环次数的增加,扩散系数值逐渐增大.     

弥散Gd_2O_3质点改性的新型复合铝化物涂层的氧化行为SCIEI

研究了Gd_2O_3质点及其添加量对涂层在空气中1100℃氧化行为的影响及作用机制。结果表明,NiAl涂层中加入Gd_2O_3质点后,极大地降低了涂层的氧化速率,显著提高了氧化膜的粘附性,比简单NiAl涂层具有更好的抗高温氧化性能。复合镀层经渗Al后,一部分Gd_2O_3质点仍弥散分布于涂层中,另一部分细小的亚微观质点在涂层/基体界面处富集,形成氧化物聚集带,聚集带具有扩散障作用。连续的聚集带更有效地抑制退化,提高涂层使用寿命。     

HOMOGENIZATION TREATMENT OF Mg-Al-Zn(MM)MAGNESIUM ALLOY INGOTS

The Mg-Al-Zn series AZ31 and AZ31 MM alloys are homogenized at 673, 723 and 753K respectively. The hardness of alloy ingots at different heat-treated states is measured and the micro structures are observed. The optimum annealing temperature is 723K and the time is 12h.     

Magnetic and mechanical properties of FeSi alloys with high Si content

The chemical vapor（CVD） deposition-diffusion method was applied to prepare FeSi alloys with high silicon content up to 6.5%. In spite of various deposition and post-annealing, the sample remains α-Fe bcc structure. The cross section of the composition was analyzed to evaluate the Si content and distribution before and after annealing. The results show that the soft magnetic properties are improved by increasing the silicon content. For the samples containing about 6.5% Si, the coercivity decreases to 60 from 237.3 A/m of the original. It is also obtained that, in addition to the Si content, Si distribution has a large influence on the core loss due to the effect of resistivity. The micro-hardnesses were also evaluated along the cross-section after various annealings.