基于PDE的一致增强性扩散方法研究及其应用

针对具有线性纹理特征的图像,对基于偏微分方程的一致增强性扩散去噪方法进行了研究,详细分析了它的扩散去噪过程和纹理结构的保护及增强,设计出具体的算法步骤.在此基础上,针对线性结构图像序列,给出了三维一致增强性扩散模型.在选择合适的扩散参数情况下,一致增强性扩散算法不但使具有线性结构图像的信噪比有明显的提高,而且可以很好的保护和增强线性结构,具有广泛的应用领域.     

基于各向异性扩散方程的局部非纹理图像修整与去噪

图像修整(image inpainting)是一种图像插值的方法,它根据丢失信息区域周围的图像信息来猜测和填充这个区域,图像修整属于图像恢复的范畴。利用变分方法导出的各向异性扩散方程对于图像边缘的良好保持特性,而在图像处理中得到了广泛的应用。基于这一思想,本文提出了一种基于各向异性扩散方程的图像修整算法:在填补修整区域的同时,可有效地去除噪声,同时保持边缘信息。理论分析和实验结果表明了这一点。     

Confined‐error‐diffusion algorithm for flat‐panel display

Abstract— The reduction of a structural pattern at specific gray levels caused by digital halftone methods is the subject of this paper. This problem is more severe in some flat‐panel displays because their black levels typically are brighter than other display blocks. A patented halftone algorithm, confined error diffusion (CED), that confines the error‐carry within the dither mask is described and extended. First, the CED algorithm that dynamically applies random error diffusion or the ordered‐dither method, depending upon image content, is described in detail. Finally, we propose an advanced CED algorithm for improving the gradation characteristics of the CED algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithms is compared to the experimental results for natural test images. In order to verify the halftone quality, a structural similarity measure for color images by taking into account the interrelation between color channels is proposed, and the results based on the proposed method, the color similarity measure method, is given.     

燃气管线动态泄漏扩散的危险性分析

通过对燃气管线动态泄漏过程的分析,建立了动态泄漏率计算模型。以湍流扩散微分方程为基础,根据动态泄漏率不定常的特点,建立了燃气管线动态泄漏扩散模型。讨论分析了火灾爆炸的可能性危险范围和伤害性危险范围的参考标准和计算方法。在实际应用的基础上,对各种危险范围给予了讨论和分析,并对给定条件下的伤害及破坏范围给予了计算。这将为设立和制订高压长输管线和城市主要输运管道附近的重要建筑物(学校等)的修建安全距离提供安全标准和参考,同时也为降低事故可能造成的危害程度提供保障。     

明槽交汇区污染物浓度场分布规律研究

明槽交汇水流存在于很多水力系统中，交汇区水流结构十分复杂，对干、支流交汇浓度场的研究具有重要意义。本文采用能突破空间单点流速测量局限的PIV技术，观测在不同交汇角及污染物浓度等条件下非对称型交汇明槽的污染物扩散情况，分析污染物浓度场的分布规律。试验结果表明，支槽来水刚汇入主槽水体时，交汇区的表层污染物的扩散较其他水平面更为均匀，但随着两种水体不断混合，其他水平面的污染物比表层污染物混合得更加均匀。交汇角越小，使得支流中污染物进入主流后在交汇口下游支流侧形成较长的污染带；相反交汇角越大，形成的污染带在横向偏移上越突出；污染物浓度越大也会使得污染带变长。污染物浓度的变化对混合层的位置及宽度影响较大。PIV技术能良好地观测交汇区污染物扩散规律，可应用于明槽交汇区的浓度场试验研究。     

Strategy models for enabling offshore outsourcing: Russian short-cycle-time software development

Economic factors are driving software development projects onto globally dispersed models, as offshore outsourcing becomes more common. Software development companies in developing economies compete for lucrative, job-creating offshore contracts on the basis of industry maturity, labor skills, technology infrastructure, and government support. Diffusion of technology is a key aspect of each of these determinants of competitiveness. This paper analyzes the development of strategies for the diffusion of short-cycle-time software development into and within Russia. Short-cycle-time development is sometimes called agile development or Internet-speed development and uses a number of techniques to move software quickly into production. These techniques are spreading rapidly among software developers worldwide. The benefits of these techniques are well known and provide a credible explanation for why this rapid diffusion is occurring. This paper explains how these techniques are spreading in a borderless fashion. Using the Kline model of innovation diffusion and the Greiner model of evolution and growth of organizations, we analyze the enablers and barriers to diffusion of short-cycle-time software development techniques in Russia. This analysis reveals a complex interaction of political, economic, and technical elements enabling and inhibiting the development of knowledge that supports the innovation diffusion necessary for companies to compete for offshore contracts. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

一类四阶各向异性扩散方程在图像放大中的应用

在文中我们首先分析了进行图像放大时各向异性偏微分方程优于各向同性偏微分方程,随后我们分析了在本文中不同四阶模型的扩散方向.为了消除低阶偏微分方程在处理图像中出现的块状效应的影响,同时保证方程为各向异性扩散,我们构造了两个各向异性的四阶偏微分方程,并且分别从数据和放大图像效果两方面来说明我们给出的模型优于文中提到的其它四个模型.     

一类具有最大分支数的16阶0-1矩阵构造

具有最大分支数的0—1可逆矩阵被广泛应用于分组密码的扩散结构设计中。为构造16阶该类矩阵,将16阶0—1矩阵划分为以4阶0-1矩阵为单元的4阶块矩阵,根据特征和域上重量均为2的4维0-1向量相加后所得向量的重量分布特点,在行置换同构意义下构造满足某种特殊结构的4阶0．1矩阵单元组,以此为基础,根据Hadamard矩阵的结构特点,利用矩阵的分块构造思想,给出一类分支数达到最大值8的16阶0-1可逆矩阵和对合矩阵构造方法,并在行置换同构意义下给出对合矩阵的计数。     

Interface diffusion-induced creep and stress relaxation in unidirectional metal matrix composites under biaxial loading

Analytical solutions are developed for interface diffusion-induced creep and stress relaxation in unidirectional metal matrix composites under biaxial transverse loading. The driving force for the interface diffusion is the normal stress acting on the interface, which is obtained from rigorous Eshelby inclusion theory. The solutions are a function of the applied stress, volume fraction and radius of the reinforced-fiber, the modulus ratio between the fiber and the matrix, specially, exhibit a strong dependence of creep rate and stress relaxation behavior on the biaxial stress ratio. Moreover, the solution for the interface stress presented in this study also gives some insight into the relationship between the interface diffusion and interface slip. For the application of the solutions in the realistic composites, the scale effect is taken into account by detailed finite element analysis based on a unit cell model.