Tributary use and large-scale movements of grass carp in Lake Erie

Infrequent captures of invasive, non-native grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) have occurred in Lake Erie over the last 30+ years, with recent evidence suggesting wild reproduction in the lake’s western basin (WB) is occurring. Information on grass carp movements in the Laurentian Great Lakes is lacking, but an improved understanding of large-scale movements and potential areas of aggregation will help inform control strategies and risk assessment if grass carp spread to other parts of Lake Erie and other Great Lakes. Twenty-three grass carp captured in Lake Erie’s WB were implanted with acoustic transmitters and released. Movements were monitored with acoustic receivers deployed throughout Lake Erie and elsewhere in the Great Lakes. Grass carp dispersed up to 236 km, with approximately 25% of fish dispersing greater than 100 km from their release location. Mean daily movements ranged from <0.01 to 2.49 km/day, with the highest daily averages occurring in the spring and summer. The Sandusky, Detroit, and Maumee Rivers, and Plum Creek were the most heavily used WB tributaries. Seventeen percent of grass carp moved into Lake Erie’s central or eastern basins, although all fish eventually returned to the WB. One fish emigrated from Lake Erie through the Huron-Erie Corridor and into Lake Huron. Based on our results, past assessments may have underestimated the potential for grass carp to spread in the Great Lakes. We recommend focusing grass carp control efforts on Sandusky River and Plum Creek given their high use by tagged fish, and secondarily on Maumee and Detroit Rivers.     

Electronic locking devices based on microcontrollers and chaotic maps using Model-Matching Control

In this work a real-time communication system using Arduino® microcontrollers, applied to electronic locking devices, is implemented. Model-Matching Control is used to achieve synchronization between transmitter and receiver Arduino® microcontrollers using only one transmission channel. Model-Matching Control is fed with dynamics from both Arduinos. Transmitter Arduino® is used also to generate in real-time an encrypted chaotic code key based on the Chen map. Receiver Arduino® recover in real-time the chaotic code key that is a binary signal key of an electronic locking device and where wireless communication is made between the two Arduinos using Bluetooth modules. System evaluation in terms of performance, randomness, and time complexity, are shown, as well as experimental results and some discussions are presented.     

Investigating the validity of subjective workload rating (NASA TLX) and subjective situation awareness rating (SART) for cognitively complex human–machine work

Subjective workload and situation awareness measures, such as the NASA task load index (TLX) and the situational awareness rating technique (SART), are frequently used in human–system evaluation. However, the interpretation of these ratings is debated. In this study, empirical evidence for the measures' theoretical assumptions was investigated by comparing operators' ratings collected immediately after performing a scenario and ratings collected after operators' acquisition through a video review of the scenario, knowledge of actual system states. Eighteen licensed control room operators participated in the simulator study, running 12 relatively challenging scenarios. It was found that the interpretation of TLX items involving introspection remained stable after operators acquired factual scenario knowledge, while the interpretation of items involving the perception of external events, such as situation awareness and performance, depended on the operators' scenario knowledge. The result shows that operators’ ratings could discriminate between mental effort, performance, frustration, and situation awareness. No clear evidence for the SART index as a measure of situation awareness was found. Instead, a subjective situation awareness measure developed for this study was distinct from workload and related to operator performance, showing that this type of measure warrants future investigation of its validity. The study findings help in developing measurement procedures and interpreting subjective measures. Finally, the study reveals that informing operators about the scenario can provide useful subjective ratings of situation awareness and performance. Future research should include procedures for how to inform participants adequately and efficiently in subjective assessments.     

网络安全管理

就网络安全管理的几个方面进行了简述,提出了按照不同维度对网络安全管理进行深入管理和保护的思路和方法。     

一种简化的三维模糊制器

针对三维模糊控制器规则多,结构复杂,难以实现的问题,提出了一种简化的三维模糊控制器。该方法是把三个输入量分别为偏差、偏差变化、偏差的偏差变化的一维模糊控制器加权融合实现简化的三维模糊控制器。并提出了根据不同类型的被控对象设置三个加权系数。加权系数具有粗调、细调和微调的作用,类似于传统PID调节器的比例、积分和微分,实现对系统静差的消除。     

变形镜交连值的优化分析

关于优化光波控制,自适应光学校正是至关重要的一个环节,可用于改善激光光束质量及校正光束在传输过程中气流引起的波前畸变等。变形镜是其核心器件,而交连值是影响变形镜校正精度的关键因素。针对变形镜实际使用时需要对致动器进行一定的约束,利用带约束的最小二乘法,分析了在一定约束条件下交连值变化对变形镜校正精度及控制稳定性的影响。以Zernike像差和以大气湍流模型构造的像差为校正对象,寻找校正效果最好的交连值。结果表明各阶Zernike像差对应的最优交连值差异较大,最优交连值主要分布在15%～35%之间。从控制误差引起的校正效果变化的方面考虑,对正方形致动器排布的最优交连值位于15%～25%区域。     

基于Android平台的无线WiFi控制方法

提出了一种基于Android手机的无线WiFi控制系统。首先采用嵌入式ARM9为硬件控制模块,手机终端以Android为应用程序的开发,编写了一个手机客户端软件,完成了手机端与控制器端之间的数据传输,实现了手机远程对PWM调速等的控制。系统中Android手机可利用周围无线网络资源与其他设备进行交互并实施控制,不仅为现有智能控制系统提供了新的控制方法,也为实现机器与人的信息交换提供了新的交互手段。     

基于STM32的逆变弧焊电源控制器设计

数字化是弧焊电源的发展趋势,其关键在于控制器的数字化。目前市场上的大多数数字化产品价格相对高昂,采用STM32系列单片机进行经济型数字化弧焊电源控制器的设计和实现。该控制器采用数字式PI方法进行输出电流控制,并具有按键操作、液晶显示、过流保护、过热保护等功能。该控制器还具有良好的扩展I}生,可以通过修改程序增强系统功能。     

基于DSP嵌入式技术的无刷直流电动机智能控制系统的研究

本文以TI公司的数字信号处理器TMS320F2812作为核心控制芯片,设计出了一款低成本具有足够功能的无刷直流电动机的调速控制系统实验平台。详细介绍了该控制系统的软硬件结构及控制策略。通过对该控制系统实验结果的分析,表明该系统的动态性能和稳态性能好,抗干扰能力强的特点,且在该实验平台上可进行一些先进控制算法的研究。     

纯电动汽车太阳能辅助空调控制系统的硬件设计

纯电动汽车车载动力电池是其唯一的动力源且很有限,辅助设备消耗的电能减少了纯电动汽车的续驶里程,尤其是空调,所以开发高效的纯电动汽车空调系统是纯电动汽车能够被市场接受的关键。将纯电动汽车顶盖布满太阳电池,可以使空调系统的制冷能力增强,同时还能增加纯电动汽车的行驶距离。对小型纯电动汽车的太阳能辅助空调系统进行研究,设计出适合该空调的自动控制系统,可为纯电动汽车创造出一个更加舒适的驾驶和乘座环境。