一个应用于卫星导航接收机的低功耗可配置双频多模射频前端

本文给出了一个应用于GPS、北斗、伽利略和Glonass四种卫星导航接收机的高性能双频多模射频前端。该射频前端主要包括有可配置的低噪声放大器、宽带有源单转双电路、高线性度的混频器和带隙基准电路。详细分析了寄生电容对源极电感负反馈低噪声放大器输入匹配的影响,通过在输入端使用两个不同的LC匹配网络和输出端使用开关电容的方法使低噪声放大器可以工作在1.2GHz和1.5GHz频带。同时使用混联的有源单转双电路在较大的带宽下仍能获得较好的平衡度。另外,混频器采用MGTR技术在低功耗的条件下来获得较高的线性度,并不恶化电路的其他性能。测试结果表明：在1227.6MHz和1557.42MHz频率下,噪声系数分别为2.1dB和2.0dB,增益分别为33.9dB和33.8dB,输入1dB压缩点分别0dBm和1dBm,在1.8V电源电压下功耗为16mW。     

GaAs单片二极管双平衡混频器

采用0.25μm的GaAs工艺制作了一款单片二极管双平衡混频器。基于环形二极管双平衡混频器的基本工作原理,提出了LO巴伦与RF巴伦的区别所在,并以Marchand巴伦为LO巴伦,以triformer巴伦作为RF巴伦。在优化了局部电路后,再与环形二极管组成整体电路,并对整体电路进行了优化。最后对版图进行EM仿真,并稍作调整以改善EM仿真结果。当本振功率在13dBm时,实测得转换损耗在低本振和高本振下约为11.5dB和10.5dB,LO端口到IF端口和RF端口隔离度分别为30dB和35dB,LO端口和RF端口驻波分别小于2和3.5,实测结果与仿真结果基本一致。     

Detection of interdependent primary systems using wideband cognitive radios

Cognitive radios (CRs) may be sharing multiple frequency bands with primary systems if the CR is a wideband or an ultra wideband (UWB) system. In that case, the CR should ensure all the coexisting primary systems in these bands are detected before it can start data transmission. In this work, we study the primary system detection performance of a wideband CR assuming that there are multiple coexisting primary systems and that these primary systems may be jointly active. Accordingly, we consider the implementation of energy detection scheme in multiple bands followed by two detection methods: (i) a maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) based detection (i.e., joint detection) that takes into account the statistics of simultaneously operating systems in independent bands and (ii) a Neyman–Pearson (NP) test based detection that optimizes the threshold values independently in each band (i.e., independent detection). For a simpler implementation of the independent detection, we show that the threshold values obtained from joint detection can be used in order to achieve the optimum NP test based independent detection results. In addition to quantifying the gain of joint detection over independent detection in terms of probabilities of false alarm and detection for practical scenarios, we also present the operation capability of CRs in terms of the fractions of time the CR can access the channel without interfering with the primary systems. The results are important for the practical implementation of multiband detection when the primary systems are known to be interdependent.     

A single-magnet nonlinear piezoelectric converter for enhanced energy harvesting from random vibrations

Power harvesters from mechanical vibrations are commonly linear mechanical resonators that are most effective when excited at resonance. Differently, under wideband vibrations, linear converters are suboptimal. A nonlinear converter is here proposed that implements nonlinearity and bistability by employing a single external magnet, in order to improve conversion effectiveness while simplifying device fabrication. The converter is composed of a piezoelectric bimorph on a ferromagnetic cantilever. The fabrication technology is based on the screen printing of a PZT low-curing-temperature paste on harmonic steel substrate. The ferromagnetic cantilever converter, under proper coupling with the external magnet, bounces between two stable states when excited by random vibrations and generates an electric output via the piezoelectric effect. According to theoretical predictions, when bistable behaviour is present, experimental results demonstrate an improvement of about 400% of the rms voltage generated by the converter with respect to the linear case.     

Design of wideband hybrid silicon carbide single-stage power amplifier

RF wideband power amplifiers are desirable as they will reduce equipment, power consumption and operating cost for the RF communication infrastructure. For decades, the realization of single-stage broadband power amplifier has posed a significant challenge due to the electrical and thermal limitations of GaAs transistor technology. Silicon carbide (SiC) MESFET technology is a strong contender for such applications due to its superior properties. In particular, its high impedance reduces mismatch commonly encountered in such power amplifier.In this work, design of wideband hybrid single-stage power amplifier using a commercial 4H-SiC MESFET CRF24010 from Cree Inc is presented. The amplifier has been designed and fabricated for operating frequencies 650-1800 MHz, which is equivalent to more than 90% bandwidth, compared to only 3-4% bandwidth achievable using GaAs technology.     

宽带信号距离和速度分辨率的研究

本文中，首先分析了已有宽带模糊函数体积定义的不足之处，在此基础上给出了改进体积的定义其次在宽带信号分辨率的研究中采用了时间一尺度和频率．尺度变换[1]的概念并证明了宽带信号的距离和速度分辨率分别取决于信号的频谱结构和尺度谱结构最后用本文方法分析了几类信号的分辨率这为宽带信号处理提供了一个有力的理论分析工具。     

A low-complexity low-spurs digital architecture for wideband PLL applications

This paper presents a non-ideality analysis of the wideband frequency synthesizer, and proposes a new digital architecture for signal modulation and quantization. Using error masking strategy, this method can offer smaller routing area and less power consumption without sacrificing any system performance. Simulation results confirm the theoretical predictions. Finally, the design guidelines are derived to fulfill the customized synthesizer specifications.     

采用balun低噪声放大器的5GHz 7.2-dB NF低功耗直接转换接收机前端电路

A 5GHz low power direct conversion receiver radio frequency front-end with balun LNA is presented. A hybrid common gate and common source structure balun LNA is adopted, and the capacitive cross-coupling technique is used to reduce the noise contribution of the common source transistor. To obtain low 1/f noise and high linearity, a current mode passive mixer is preferred and realized. A current mode switching scheme can switch between high and low gain modes, and meanwhile it can not only perform good linearity but save power consumption at low gain mode. The front-end chip is manufactured on a 0.13-μm CMOS process and occupies an active chip area of 1.2 mm². It achieves 35 dB conversion gain across 4.9-5.1 GHz, a noise figure of 7.2 dB and an IIP3 of -16.8 dBm, while consuming 28.4 mA from a 1.2 V power supply at high gain mode. Its conversion gain is 13 dB with an IIP3 of 5.2 dBm and consumes 21.5 mA at low gain mode.     

Unfolding the frequency spectrum for undersampled wideband data

In this letter, we discuss the problem of unfolding the frequency spectrum for undersampled wideband data. The problem is of relevance to state-of-the-art radio frequency measurement systems, which capture repetitive waveform based on a sampling rate that violates the Nyquist constraint. The problem is presented in a compact form by the inclusion of a complex operator called the CN operator. The ease-of-use problem formulation eliminates the ambiguity caused by folded frequency spectra, in particular those with lines standing on multiples of the Nyquist frequency that are captured with erroneous amplitude and phase values.