SCIENCE CHINA Technological Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Different perspectives: A comparison of newspaper articles to medical examiner data in the reporting of violent deaths

This study compared violent death information reported in state-wide newspaper articles to the medical examiner reports collected for a state public health surveillance system—the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). While suicides accounted for 83% of deaths in the NVDRS database, more than three-quarters (79%) of violent deaths reported in newspaper articles were homicides. The majority of the suicide incidents were reported in 1-2 newspaper articles whereas the majority of homicide incidents were reported in 11-34 articles. For suicide incidents, the NVDRS reported more circumstances related to mental health problems while newspaper articles reported recent crisis more often. Results show that there is a mismatch in both frequency and type of information reported between a public health surveillance system (NVDRS) and newspaper reporting of violent deaths. As a result of these findings, scientists and other public health professionals may want to engage in media advocacy to provide newspaper reporters with timely and important health information related to the prevention and intervention of violent deaths in their community.     

Newspaper sandwiched aerated lightweight concrete wall panels—Thermal inertia, transient thermal behavior and surface temperature prediction

Experimental investigation on aerated lightweight concrete (ALC) wall panels in terms of thermal inertia, transient thermal behavior and surface temperature prediction using finite difference method (FDM) are the main focus of this study. ALC wall panels of different density and different aerial intensity of newspaper sandwiched were produced and installed on a prototype house. The ALC wall panels were facing east direction and subjected to Malaysia natural environment condition. The inner and outer surface temperatures of the wall panels were recorded at 3 min interval, 24 h a day for a period of one year. Time lag and decrement factor were computed from the surface temperatures recorded. The results showed that thermal diffusivity has a positive relationship to the thermal inertia of ALC wall panels. FDM was used to predict the surfaces temperature and the predicted temperature was close to the observed temperature. The average differences between the observed and the predicted outer wall surface temperature lied between 1.4 and 2.4% whereas for the inner wall surface, the range was 1.3-2.2%. Greater deviations were detected on the predicted outer surface temperature could be due to some unaccounted factors such as wind direction and relative humidity in the present FDM.     

长沙湘江新区绿地系统规划特点初探

在长株潭一体化规划,长沙市总体规划,长沙大河西先导区规划的基础上,结合对湘江新区的自然生态环境、用地特点、植被特点的分析,初步探索长沙湘江新区绿地系统规划的理论和方法。     

香炉碗子金矿床地球化学特征及矿床成因讨论

通过对香炉碗子金矿床中土元素及硫，铅，氢，氧同位素地球化学研究表明，矿床中矿石与主要赋矿围岩次火山隐爆角砾岩，霏细岩，变辉绿岩的稀土与分模式和特征值相近，围岩提供了成矿物质来源；矿石硫同位素组成显示出硫主要来自深源岩浆源；矿石铅同位素组成显示出铅来源单一，来自上地幔或下地壳；氢氧同位素组成显示出成矿流体除岩浆水外，还有大气降水加入。     

复杂地质条件下水电站地下厂房岩壁梁精细爆破开挖

针对向家坝水电站地下厂房岩壁梁地质条件异常复杂、岩台宽度窄、承受荷载大、质量要求高和工期紧迫等特点和难点,贯彻"精细爆破"理念,通过采取合理的开挖顺序、自行设计钢管钻孔样架以确保钻孔精度、双层光面爆破和均匀微量化装药、错孔布置及预锚锁角等技术和工艺措施,对炸药爆炸能量释放与岩体破碎等进行精密控制,以确保岩壁梁的开挖成型质量,取得了优良的爆破效果:岩台光爆孔半孔率分别为Ⅱ类围岩100%,Ⅲ类围岩99.2%,Ⅳ类围岩90%~97.3%;岩壁无欠挖,平均超挖仅2.9 cm;不平整度为0~4 cm;因爆破和围岩卸荷造成的影响深度在0.2~0.7 m。     

《老子想尔注》对《道德经》的宗教化改造

《道德经》本是道家经典,《老子想尔注》通过作注的方式,在宗教观念、宗教行为、宗教戒律等方面对《道德经》进行了系统化的宗教化的改造,将《道德经》之字宙本体、规律之“道”改造为人格化的至上神,将《道德经》教导人们无为无不为以及养生的生活方式改造为修仙、结精的修行方法,并在注文中发展了戒律的使之符合道教的基本教义与制度,创造性的发展了《道德经》宗教性这一方面,使之成为道教的重要经典。     

香猪垂体特异性转录因子基因及其相关基因表达水平的半定量分析

采用RT-PCR方法对香猪及对照猪种(上海白猪、大约克夏猪)PIT-1基因和相关基因(GH、PRL和TSH-β基因)的mRNA扩增,并以β-actin为内参照进行基因表达水平的半定量分析。结果表明,香猪PIT-1基因及GH、TSH-β基因的表达水平均显著低于上海白猪和大约克夏猪(P<0.05),香猪与上海白猪、大约克夏猪在PRL基因表达水平上的差异也接近显著水平。研究结果提示,香猪的PIT-1基因可能存在着突变,从而使其PIT-1基因的表达水平降低,减弱了PIT-1蛋白对于GH、PRL及TSH-β基因转录和表达的激活功能,导致香猪生长缓慢和矮小性。     

长江流域水能资源开发的新举措：从三峡建设到金沙江开发

中国水资源十分丰富，但目前仅开发13％～14％。国家已明确了梯级滚动开发的方针。进一步开发长江流域，以此作为中国东、中、西部相互促进、协调发展的一个重要措施。同时明确中国三峡总公司为金沙江浪洛渡和向家坝两水电站的业主单位。长江上游金沙江段是可开发水能资源最集中的地区，总装机容量接近5000万kw，是“西电东送”北、中、南三条线中，中线的主要基地。争取在“十五”计划期间，溪洛渡和向家坝两电站其中有一个开工建设。     

尚象与符号理念下的图形设计比较

目的 通过东西方的图形设计核心思想的差异,比较两种文化体系下的图形设计.方法 把其概括为东方尚象理念与西方符号理念的本质差别带来了图形设计的文化区别.结果 两种理念在各自文化中形成、发展并成熟.探讨两者之间的共同点或差别是找到现代东西方各具民族特色图形设计的根源.尚象理念诞生于先秦时期,发展历程中不断扩充与吸纳历代先民的创造智慧,在现当代的视觉环境中,尚象理念的图形设计的不断变异将是东方传统设计思想继承的契机.而符号理念的图形设计具有影响力大、清晰明确、应用广泛等优势,同尚象性的图形设计相比各有所长.结论 符号理念的图形设计并不能解决所有的设计问题,因此东方尚象理念可以作为符号理念的有益补充,被世界所了解与认识.