基于ST7单片机的太阳能直流供电系统控制器设计

设计一种用ST7单片机构成的全数字化太阳能直流供电系统控制器。系统在ST7单片机的控制下,能将太阳能电池转换的直流电进行有效存储和合理使用。系统充分利用了ST7单片机的软件资源,最大程度地简化了硬件电路,使电源具有较高的性价比和可靠性。     

动态场景下基于视觉的SLAM技术研究

针对视觉同时定位与地图构建(SLAM)技术在动态环境中存在定位精度低、地图虚影等问题,提出了一种基于深度学习的动态SLAM算法。该算法利用网络参数少且目标识别率高的YOLOv8n改善系统的视觉前端,为视觉前端增加语义信息,提取动态区域特征点。然后采用LK光流法识别动态区域的动态特征点,剔除动态特征点并保留动态区域内的静态特征点,提高特征点利用率。此外,该算法通过增加地图构建线程,剔除YOLOv8n提取的动态物体点云,接收前端提取的语义信息,实现静态语义地图构建,消除由动态物体产生的虚影。实验结果显示,在动态环境下该算法与ORB-SLAM3相比,定位精度提升92.71%,与其他动态视觉SLAM算法相比,也有小幅度改善。     

NMDA and P2X7 Receptors Require Pannexin 1 Activation to Initiate and Maintain Nociceptive Signaling in the Spinal Cord of Neuropathic Rats

Pannexin 1 (Panx1) is involved in the spinal central sensitization process in rats with neuropathic pain, but its interaction with well-known, pain-related, ligand-dependent receptors, such as NMDA receptors (NMDAR) and P2X7 purinoceptors (P2X7R), remains largely unexplored. Here, we studied whether NMDAR- and P2X7R-dependent nociceptive signaling in neuropathic rats require the activation of Panx1 channels to generate spinal central sensitization, as assessed by behavioral (mechanical hyperalgesia) and electrophysiological (C-reflex wind-up potentiation) indexes. Administration of either a selective NMDAR agonist i.t. (NMDA, 2 mM) or a P2X7R agonist (BzATP, 150 μM) significantly increased both the mechanical hyperalgesia and the C-reflex wind-up potentiation, effects that were rapidly reversed (minutes) by i.t. administration of a selective pannexin 1 antagonist (10panx peptide, 300 μM), with the scores even reaching values of rats without neuropathy. Accordingly, 300 μM 10panx completely prevented the effects of NMDA and BzATP administered 1 h later, on mechanical hyperalgesia and C-reflex wind-up potentiation. Confocal immunofluorescence imaging revealed coexpression of Panx1 with NeuN protein in intrinsic dorsal horn neurons of neuropathic rats. The results indicate that both NMDAR- and P2X7R-mediated increases in mechanical hyperalgesia and C-reflex wind-up potentiation require neuronal Panx1 channel activation to initiate and maintain nociceptive signaling in neuropathic rats.     

西门子S7系统应用

本文简要介绍了西门子S7系统和在我公司的应用。     

基于改进YOLOv7的钢材表面缺陷检测

钢材表面缺陷对于钢材行业来说是一个巨大的挑战。针对传统的钢材缺陷检测方法存在着效率低、检测精度不高等问题,基于YOLOv7设计了一种AFSD-YOLOv7模型进行实时的钢材表面缺陷检测。首先,在YOLOv7模型中使用一种轻量化卷积结构替换标准卷积结构,,以加速模型的推理过程;然后采用快速空间金字塔池化结构替换原始空间金字塔池化结构,以加速网络的特征提取过程;最后添加改进的ECA-Net注意力机制,以提升模型检测精度。实验结果表明,AFSD-YOLOv7能够对钢材缺陷进行有效识别,相比YOLOv7模型,计算量减少了54.8%,mAP提高了3.2%,对于钢材表面缺陷检测具有实际应用价值。     

基于YOLOv5 算法的炮管内壁污渍识别与定位技术

为准确评估炮管内壁的清理情况,采用YOLOv5 人工神经网络结合机器视觉对清理后的155 mm 口径炮 管内壁的污渍进行实时检测。考虑到污渍主要分为油污与残留的铜渍2 种,在检测任务中通过图像识别技术分别对 污渍进行种类识别、定位以及对污渍面积判定;利用图像像素信息与外部环境信息,基于单目摄像头采集的视频图 像,采用改进并训练后的YOLOv5 人工神经网络模型作为识别工具对炮管内壁进行实时图像识别。实验结果表明： 该检测系统能较好地完成目标检测任务,对目标定位误差控制在5 cm 内,满足炮管内壁自动清理中的内壁污渍定位 要求。     

The HIV-1 Gag Protein Displays Extensive Functional and Structural Roles in Virus Replication and Infectivity

Once merely thought of as the protein responsible for the overall physical nature of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the Gag polyprotein has since been elucidated to have several roles in viral replication and functionality. Over the years, extensive research into the polyproteins’ structure has revealed that Gag can mediate its own trafficking to the plasma membrane, it can interact with several host factors and can even aid in viral genome packaging. Not surprisingly, Gag has also been associated with HIV-1 drug resistance and even treatment failure. Therefore, this review provides an extensive overview of the structural and functional roles of the HIV-1 Gag domains in virion integrity, functionality and infectivity.     

Membrane Targeting and GTPase Activity of Rab7 Are Required for Its Ubiquitination by RNF167

Rab7 is a GTPase that controls late endosome and lysosome trafficking. Recent studies have demonstrated that Rab7 is ubiquitinated, a post-translational modification mediated by an enzymatic cascade. To date, only one ubiquitin E3 ligase and one deubiquitinase have been identified in regulating Rab7 ubiquitination. Here, we report that RNF167, a transmembrane endolysosomal ubiquitin ligase, can ubiquitinate Rab7. Using immunoprecipitation and in vitro ubiquitination assays, we demonstrate that Rab7 is a direct substrate of RNF167. Subcellular fractionation indicates that RNF167 activity maintains Rab7′s membrane localization. Epifluorescence microscopy in HeLa cells shows that Rab7-positive vesicles are larger under conditions enabling Rab7 ubiquitination by RNF167. Characterization of its ubiquitination reveals that Rab7 must be in its GTP-bound active form for membrane anchoring and, thus, accessible for RNF167-mediated ubiquitin attachment. Cellular distribution analyses of lysosome marker Lamp1 show that vesicle positioning is independent of Rab7 and RNF167 expression and that Rab7 endosomal localization is not affected by RNF167 knockdown. However, both Rab7 and RNF167 depletion affect each other’s lysosomal localization. Finally, this study demonstrates that the RNF167-mediated ubiquitination of Rab7 GTPase is impaired by variants of Charcot–Marie–Tooth Type 2B disease. This study identified RNF167 as a new ubiquitin ligase for Rab7 while expanding our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the ubiquitination of Rab7.