ESPAR array design for the UHF RFID wireless sensor communication system

In this paper, in order to improve the received signal strength (RSS) and signal quality, three arrays of electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas are suggested for the ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) communication and sensing system applications. Instead of the single antenna, the array antennas have recently been widely used in many communication systems because of their peak gains, better radiation patterns, and higher radiation efficiency. Also, there are some important issues to use the antenna array like high data rates in wireless communication systems and to better understand the many targets or sensors. In this article, a wireless sensor network (WSN) is being investigated to overcome multipath fading and interference by antenna nulling technology that can be achieved through beam control ESPAR array antennas. The proposed ESPAR array antennas exhibit higher gains like 9.63, 10.2, and 12 dBi and proper radiation patterns from one array to another. Moreover, we investigate the mutual coupling effect on the performance of array antennas with different spacing (0.5λ, 0.75λ, λ) and configurations. It is found that the worst mutual coupling reduced by −28 to −34 dB for 2 × 2 array, −3 to −43 dB for 2 × 3 array, and finally −42 dB to −51 dB due to the antenna spacing from 0.5λ to λ. Thus, these suggested antennas could effectively be applied in the WSN communication systems, internet of things (IoT) networks, and massive wireless and backscatter communication systems.     

基于石墨烯超表面天线的太赫兹动态相位调控及波束扫描

太赫兹波频段介于毫米波和红外光之间,具有诸多优异特性,太赫兹天线更是太赫兹通信、雷达和成像等应用系统中的核心元器件。然而,目前报道的太赫兹天线均无法满足较大动态范围的相位扫描、高效率辐射和大偏转角度的需求。该文设计了 3 种石墨烯太赫兹天线,最小尺寸为 5 μm,并对其辐射效率和相位调控特性进行研究,进而提出具有双共振模式的石墨烯-金属太赫兹超表面天线,缓解了传统的基于单共振模式的相位动态调控范围和辐射效率之间的矛盾,实现了 0～360°的动态相位调控,且辐射效率高于 20%。该研究采用微加工工艺进行样品加工,通过改变栅极电压,在实验上获得了 1.03 THz 的太赫兹动态相位调控,反射率高于 23%,与仿真结果基本吻合。在此基础上,该文基于连续相位编码设计了石墨烯超表面相控阵天线,理论上实现了太赫兹波束在－25°～25°范围内的实时波束偏转。该文为解决超表面相控阵天线的相位动态调控范围小、辐射效率低等难题提供了新的研究思路。     

终端近场通信天线研究北大核心CSCD

近场通信(NFC)已成为无线终端的标配功能,工作范围小、抗干扰性和安全性较高的特性使其被广泛应用于终端的移动支付和虚拟卡片等领域。由于近场天线产生的感应磁场会在临近的金属上耦合出反向涡流,并且金属屏蔽物覆盖会降低收发天线间的磁场耦合,紧凑终端中的电池、主板、外壳等金属元件将大幅影响NFC天线性能。本文从近场通信的历史、标准、系统结构出发,以终端NFC天线工作环境中的金属覆盖情况作为分类依据,对终端近场通信天线的研究进展进行了简要介绍。     

NIM反射试验场电性能评估核心技术研究

评测中国计量科学研究院(NIM)新建反射试验场测试装置的准确性,需要足够准确的基准值。通过分析对比矩量法模型与实测模型,设计制作了一种小馈源偶极子天线,根据矩量法准确性与收发天线间距无关这一特性的近场法,分析了近场法在实测中的误差缩减效应,然后据此验证了基准值的准确性(在30 MHz~1 GHz频段24个典型频率点的场地插入损耗偏差小于0.22 dB,相当于天线系数误差小于0.11 dB)。在30 MHz~1 GHz频段10 m距离条件下对NIM新建测试装置的评测结果为:在24个典型频点,水平极化时偏差小于0.26 dB,垂直极化时偏差小于0.34 dB;在频率间隔1 MHz的扫频范围内,垂直极化时偏差小于0.6 dB。     

基于GPS与惯性组件的复合测姿系统设计

针对微小型载体空间有限而无法安装大型测姿系统,提出了一种低成本的微型复合测姿方案.复合测姿系统由单天线GPS和MEMS惯性组件构成.利用扩展卡尔曼滤波将单天线GPS和MEMS惯性组件信息融合,提高了姿态估计精度.室外车载实验结果表明,利用该复合测姿系统解算的滚角和俯仰角误差可控制在1°以内,航向角误差可控制在2°以内.     

Optimized element positions for prescribed radar cross section pattern of linear dipole arrays

Approximate closed‐form expression is derived for the scattering from dipole arrays based on the equivalent circuit theory. Then, a method is proposed for synthesis of dipole arrays to produce desired scattering pattern using genetic algorithm (GA). In the synthesis method, the element positions in an array are considered as the optimization parameter and the derived expression is used to evaluate the fitness function of GA. To assess the validity and efficiency of the proposed method, several linear dipole arrays are designed to obtain scattering pattern with low sidelobe level (SLL). A good agreement between the patterns calculated using the expression and simulated by FEKO validates the accuracy of the presented expression. In addition, the numerical results show that the maximum SLL of the scattering pattern is considerably reduced by optimization. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2011.     

Experimental investigation and comparison of super‐wideband antipodal slot antennas

Three novel, super‐wideband antipodal slot antennas with different tuning stubs are studied and compared with each other. Smooth, half‐circular slot profile is used to improve the antennas' polarization purity and impedance bandwidth, and different tuning stubs are used to finely tune the antennas' radiation performance. As will be reported, low crosspolarization level, stable dipole‐like pattern, and flat gain performances can be obtained within an operation bandwidth of 6.3:1 by introducing a smooth antipodal slot structure and a cup‐shape tuning patch. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2011.     

卫星通信天线伺服系统的离散滑模控制算法研究

船载卫星天线易受干扰而导致跟踪精度和通信质量下降。为改善天线系统的性能,实现了基于DSP的天线伺服控制器,在设计的天线伺服系统中应用基于指数趋近率的离散滑模变结构控制算法,并且进行了设计分析和实验仿真。实验结果表明,基于此算法,较容易设计满足系统稳定性的离散控制器。与传统的PID算法相比,该算法具有较好的实时适应性,伺服系统对连续或突加干扰的敏感度大大下降,鲁棒性明显增强。     

Design of a novel monopulse antenna system using the time‐modulated antenna arrays

A novel monopulse antenna for a tracking radar system is proposed using the time modulated antenna array technique. The time modulation technique applied in the antenna arrays overcomes the usual need for compromise between sum and difference beams and avoids the need for implementation of two separate feed networks. The time modulated antenna array also relaxes the error tolerance of the tracking accuracy from the amplitude and phase errors, due to the new design freedom of “time” which can be controlled precisely and quickly. Moreover, the position of the target can be recovered by two reflected echoes from one previously transmitted pulse, thus the tracking errors resulting from the excitation errors and receiver noise in conventional antenna arrays can be greatly alleviated. Numerical results show that with the aid of time modulation technique, one sum beam and two difference beams can be simultaneously obtained either for the boresight or off‐boresight target tracking. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2010.