基于塔板组成线的多组分精馏设计方法研究

介绍了精馏过程图解法设计的基本概念,根据塔板组成线的定义,推导出了塔板组成线的基本方程并给出了便于图解设计的塔板组成线作图规则.在研究塔板组成线性质的基础上,提出了可在不给定回流比和再沸比的条件下,同时获得多组可行设计方案的塔板组成线精馏设计策略.首先通过选择设计变量确定产品组成,由产品操作叶判断塔设计的可行性;然后对操作叶重叠的产品组成作塔板组成线图,找到多组可行设计方案;最后针对不同的目标,对众多方案进行筛选,找到最佳的设计和操作参数,从而完成精馏塔的设计.对理想和非理想物系进行的实例研究结果表明,由塔板组成线设计法得到的计算结果优于Fenske-Underwood简捷法,与Aspen plus的模拟结果吻合较好.     

Fox Hunting in Wild Apples: Searching for Novel Genes in Malus Sieversii

Malus sieversii is considered the progenitor of modern apple (Malus pumila) cultivars and to represent a valuable source of genetic diversity. Despite the importance of M. sieversii as a source of disease resistance, stress tolerance, and novel fruit traits, little is known about gene function and diversity in M. sieversii. Notably, a publicly annotated genome sequence for this species is not available. In the current study, the FOX (Full-length cDNA OvereXpressing) gene hunting system was used to construct a library of transgenic lines of Arabidopsis in which each transgenic line overexpresses a full-length gene obtained from a cDNA library of the PI619283 accession of M. sieversii. The cDNA library was constructed from mRNA obtained from bark tissues collected in late fall–early winter, a time at which many abiotic stress-adaptative genes are expressed. Over 4000 apple FOX Arabidopsis lines have been established from the pool of transgenic seeds and cDNA inserts corresponding to various Gene Ontology (GO) categories have been identified. A total of 160 inserts appear to be novel, with no or limited homology to M. pumila, Arabidopsis, or poplar. Over 1300 lines have also been screened for freezing resistance. The constructed library of transgenic lines provides a valuable genetic resource for exploring gene function and diversity in Malus sieversii. Notably, no such library of t-DNA lines currently exists for any Malus species.     

几种多酚类物质用于延长花生牛轧糖货架期的对比研究

通过测定55 ℃和45 ℃2个加速破坏温度条件下花生牛轧糖的过氧化值、酸价、菌落总数、大肠菌群4个指标,对比研究苹果多酚、葡萄籽多酚、茶多酚3种天然酚类物质对花生牛轧糖货架期的影响.结果 表明,添加0.04％的3种酚类物质都具有减缓花生牛轧糖过氧化值升高,抑制花生牛轧糖酸价增高,抑制菌落总数和大肠菌群增加的作用;在花生...     

甜菜叶片表型与其产质量的关系

甜菜生产用种主要依靠进口,来源不同的品种表型各异,甜菜高产高糖的表型特征,是育种和栽培管理最直观和简捷的指标.本研究利用丰产和高糖两种类型的2对甜菜品种为材料,通过连续两年对不同类型甜菜营养生长期叶片的形态指标进行比较,分析各指标与甜菜产量和含糖的关系.研究结果表明,丰产型甜菜品种在整个生育期的叶片长度和生育前期叶面积...     

The Conserved and Specific Roles of the LUX ARRHYTHMO in Circadian Clock and Nodulation

LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) plays a key role in circadian rhythms and flowering. Here, we identified the MtLUX gene which is the putative ortholog of LUX in Medicago truncatula. The roles of MtLUX, in both the nodulation belowground and leaf movement aboveground, were investigated by characterizing a loss-of-function mtlux mutant. MtLUX was required for the control of flowering time under both long-day and short-day conditions. Further investigations showed that the early flowering in the mtlux mutant was correlated with the elevated expression level of the MtFTa1 gene but in a CO-like independent manner. MtLUX played a conserved role in the regulatory interactions with MtLHY, MtTOC1, and MtPRR genes, which is similar to those in other species. Meanwhile, the unexpected functions of MtLUX were revealed in nodule formation and nyctinastic leaf movement, probably through the indirect regulation in MtLHY. Its participation in nodulation is of interest in the context of functional conservation and the neo-functionalization of the products of LUX orthologs.     

Rosmarinic Acid,as an NHE1 Activator,Decreases Skin Surface pH and Improves the Skin Barrier Function

Stratum corneum (SC) pH regulates skin barrier functions and elevated SC pH is an important factor in various inflammatory skin diseases. Acidic topical formulas have emerged as treatments for impaired skin barriers. Sodium proton exchanger 1 (NHE1) is an important factor in SC acidification. We investigated whether topical applications containing an NHE1 activator could improve skin barrier functions. We screened plant extracts to identify NHE1 activators in vitro and found Melissa officinalis leaf extract. Rosmarinic acid, a component of Melissa officinalis leaf extract, significantly increased NHE1 mRNA expression levels and NHE1 production. Immunofluorescence staining of NHE1 in 3D-cultured skin revealed greater upregulation of NHE1 expression by NHE1 activator cream, compared to vehicle cream. Epidermal lipid analysis revealed that the ceramide level was significantly higher upon application of the NHE1 activator cream on 3D-cultured skin, compared to application of a vehicle cream. In a clinical study of 50–60-year-old adult females (n = 21), application of the NHE1 activator-containing cream significantly improved skin barrier functions by reducing skin surface pH and transepidermal water loss and increasing skin hydration, compared to patients who applied vehicle cream and those receiving no treatment. Thus, creams containing NHE1 activators, such as rosmarinic acid, could help maintain or recover skin barrier functions.     

天喔“枇杷叶花”饮品的研制及其品质特点

以枇杷叶花为主要原料,制作枇杷叶花饮品.介绍了产品生产工艺及操作规程,并检测了产品质量.     

不同方法提取艾纳香叶挥发性成分的气相色谱-质谱分析

采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析水蒸汽蒸馏法(SD)、同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)和顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)3种方法提取的艾纳香叶挥发性成分。结果表明:3种方法提取艾纳香叶挥发性成分中主要是醇类和烯类化合物,其中萜类物质占较大比例。3种方法的提取物中分别鉴定出化合物50种(SD)、24种(SDE)和49种(HS-SPME)。水蒸汽蒸馏法和同时蒸馏萃取法提取的油状挥发物中主要成分相似,水蒸汽蒸馏法提取油状挥发物与顶空固相微萃取法提取挥发性成分的种类和相对含量相似,同时蒸馏萃取法提取油状挥发物中低沸点化合物较少。     

苹果膳食纤维中半纤维素的化学组成

采用碱法和二甲亚砜法从苹果膳食纤维中提取出4种半纤维素,分别命名为半纤维素A、B、C和E,通过红外分析和电镜扫描对其化学组成和表面微观结构进行了研究。结果表明:苹果膳食纤维中半纤维素由木葡聚糖(半纤维素A)、木聚糖1(半纤维素B)和木聚糖2(半纤维素C)以及半乳甘露聚糖(半纤维素E)等组成,4种半纤维素的表面微观各不相同,木聚糖1颗粒表面呈规则的晶形外观,具有成晶性;木葡聚糖颗粒表面具有很多颗粒状结构,具有一定的成晶性;木聚糖2和半乳甘露聚糖颗粒表面呈不规则形状,不具有成晶性。     

竹叶多糖的研究现状与进展

竹叶多糖具有抗癌活性,抗氧化作用和免疫调节作用,近几年国内外学者对竹叶多糖的提取分离、纯化、结构分析以及生物活性等方面进行了研究,综述了竹叶多糖多方面的研究现状,对不同的研究手段及研究结果进行了系统比较,同时,展望了竹叶多糖的研究方向,可为竹叶多糖的研究提供参考。