Multi-Agent Radio Resource Allocation

This paper presents a spatially distributed and dynamic billing, pricing and allocation mechanism for which a user terminal requires Cognitive Radio abilities. That is, the Cognitive Radio abilities will be applied to the economical environment. The radio resource goods are allocated to the users by a multi-unit sealed-bid auction. Intelligent entities like the bidding strategy have to represent operator’s and users’ behavior and to make decisions for them in order to fulfill the preferences and QoS. The main functionalities, used to execute the dynamic auction sequence and located in the MAC are described, assuming the entities possess Cognitive Radio abilities.

基于物权理论的农村水利资产所有权拍卖的分析

以当前我国农村小型水利工程管理体制改革中采用的“拍卖”这一改制形式为研究对象,针对不同地区不同工程类型在具体实践与实施过程中存在的差异,从理论上对这一改制形式的内涵与性质进行分析,从而澄清一些概念,对农村水利改革提出建议.     

集合竞价成交价算法研究

根据国际证券市场广泛采用的集合竞价成交价决定原则,设计集合竞价成交价算法;从算法本身出发,分析集合竞价机制优良性质的根源,并从数值仿真角度给予验证。理论分析与仿真结果表明：依次执行最大成交量原则、最小剩余原则、市场压力原则、参考价格原则,输出的备选成交价集合在逐渐缩小,算法具有良好的收敛性;参考价格原则保障了最终成交价的唯一性;最小剩余原则和市场压力原则有助于降低价格波动性;市场压力原则和参考价格原则有助于提高价格发现的质量。研究建议应尽快将市场压力原则和参考价格原则引入我国证券市场集合竞价制度建设,将更有利于降低整个股票市场的系统性风险,增强股票价格的连续性。     

Associations between the general condition of culled dairy cows and selling price at Ontario auction markets

Dairy cows are culled from the herd for a variety of reasons, the most common being fertility problems, low milk production, or udder problems. Disease and injury can contribute to the decision to cull either directly, or indirectly, by causing fertility or production problems, leading to culling. Disease or injury may also affect the cow's ability to handle the stress of transportation and may increase the risk for reduced welfare. The purpose of this study was to determine the general condition of culled dairy cows sold at Ontario auction markets, to quantify the frequency of culled cows in poor condition sold at these auctions, and to determine how this relates to the sale price of the cow. Data were collected on 4,460 culled dairy cows, sold at 3 Ontario auction markets, over a continuous 16-wk study period. Observers assessed the general condition of dairy cows entering the sales ring by recording each individual cow's hock injury score, body condition score (BCS), gait score, and tail score, in accordance with 2017 Canadian proAction Animal Care guidelines. Each cow's body weight, breed, and sale price were also recorded. Results showed that 27.2% of culled cows scored had unacceptable hock injuries, 40.5% had a BCS ≤2, 72.7% had an abnormal gait, and 12.5% had docked tails. Culled cows with a BCS ≤2 sold for $0.20 less/kg compared with those with a BCS >2, which equated to an overall average loss of $117 per cow. Cows with an abnormal gait sold for $0.05 less/kg compared with culled cows with a normal gait, which equated to an overall average loss of $32.45 per cow. There was no difference in the sale price depending on hock injury score or the presence or absence of a full tail. The main issues identified in this study were the high prevalence of low body condition and abnormal gait, indicating that the welfare of these cows may be at risk. Additionally, cows with low BCS or abnormal gait sold for a lower price compared with cows that were in good condition, leading to reduced potential profit for the producer.     

基于博弈均衡购电电价的分时电价

电力市场改革促进发电商竞价与购电商间竞价。根据博弈理论,将购电商与发电商看作一个两人静态博弈模型,根据双方叫价拍卖模型,计算贝叶斯均衡点,确定购电电价,寻求不同出价下的均衡电价在分时电价中的应用,根据反应后的削峰填谷效果进行出价选择和协商,达到双方共赢的目的。     

A scalable architecture for concurrent online auctions

Online auction systems are characterised by a number of functional and performance management requirements, caused by the potentially very large numbers of distributed concurrent bidders, as well as by the auction rules. Such systems are typically implemented as three tier, thread‐based architectures, whose performance does not scale up well with an increase in the number of concurrent bidders. Nor such systems can take advantage of new Cloud based environments. In this paper, we propose an architectural framework for online auctions developed on top of a soft real‐time platform (Open Telecom Platform) using a concurrent language (Erlang) and an embedded Web server (Yaws). The proposed framework can scale up to hundreds of thousands of concurrent users while its performance can benefit from multicore and symmetric multiprocessing computer architectures. We demonstrate the capabilities of the framework by developing prototypes for two auction types known as ‘unique bid’ and ‘penny’, analyse their performance characteristics and compare them with that of existing auction systems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

加工时间可控的多主体调度问题

为了解决加工时间可控条件下的并行机调度问题,设计了一种基于重复叫价组合拍卖的多主体调度机制.该机制将组合拍卖的一般形式与机器调度的建模技术相结合,将可控加工时间引入竞胜标模型,使生产资源得到更加有效的配置;在价格更新方法上,设计了一种基于次梯度的自适应价格更新机制,提高了拍卖的收敛速度.对该机制进行了仿真实验.结果表明,与传统的“刚性”加工时间的调度模型相比,该机制在提高资源拥有者收益的同时,使生产资源得到了更加充分的利用.     

基于双边拍卖模型的易变质品供应链协作研究

以交易信用为协调激励机制,分析了完全信息及双边不完全信息时,持续变质的易变质品供应链的协调问题.在交易信用激励机制下,供应商通过允许下游企业延迟支付贷款而激励其提高采购批量,进而实现供应链的协调.在信息对称时,通过分析双方的个人理性约束而给出交易信用长度的取值范围;当双方对彼此的资金成本存在双边信息不完全时,通过构建双边拍卖模型给出各方的最优报价策略以及均衡的交易信用长度.最后的算例验证了文章的结论.     

一类网上英式拍卖的保留价与起始价分析

对eBay上一类网上英式拍卖,给出了设置保留价和不设置保留价时卖方期望收入的表达式,发现顾客总人数与顾客估价的最大偏差对卖方的期望收入起互补作用,并证明了卖方的期望收入都是补偿因子的严格递增的凹函数,当顾客足够多时,无保留价拍卖最优起始价产生的期望收入与含保留价拍卖最优保留价产和的期望收入相同．     

获胜者确定问题的建模与启发式算法

获胜者确定问题是组合拍卖机制的核心问题．因此,对基于OR与XOR标集的获胜者确定问题建立了0-1规划模型,并且提出了免疫算子与单亲算子相结合的启发式算法．提出多个启发式规则以扩大标比较范围,并应用在预处理中缩减解空间．设计了多个评价函数评估标的优劣,从而将特征知识引入到免疫算子中．仿真实验表明,对大规模问题的求解具有良好的寻优效率和求解质量,免疫算子对达优率和收敛速度都有着明显的提升作用．