石膏-粉煤灰胶凝材料养护、耐久性、泛霜性能研究

本文研究了养护时间对石膏-粉煤灰胶凝材料强度和软化系数的影响,同时做了长期水环境下的耐久性试验及对其泛霜做了分析.结果表明,养护制度对石膏-粉煤灰的力学性能有较大影响.养护制度1(自然养护)条件下,胶凝材料主要表现的是水化后二水石膏的性能,强度较高,但耐水性差.养护制度2(标准养护)条件有利于废渣中活性成分水化,提高了制品的水硬性,也增加了材料的耐久性;水环境下,石膏-粉煤灰耐久性提高;碱金属盐可能引起石膏-粉煤灰硬化体泛霜;石膏-粉煤灰胶凝材料可以用作非承重内隔墙,并能满足室内潮湿环境下对防潮性能的要求.     

双毂倒挡齿轮温锻成形金属流变行为及工艺研究

根据齿部带有倒锥的双毂倒挡齿轮结构特点,提出了一种两步温锻+冷精整的新工艺。以某双毂倒挡齿轮零件为例进行实验发现齿形下角隅充填不满,为解决此问题建立了齿轮温锻成形过程的刚塑性有限元仿真模型,分析了其速度、应力与应变等场量信息,结合盐酸热蚀后的金属流线探讨了成形过程中金属的流动规律,通过在模具上设置凹槽增大金属径向扩展“波形”最终使得轮齿角隅充填饱满。齿轮测量仪检测结果表明：采用提出的新工艺能够获得满足双毂倒挡齿轮要求的轮齿齿形。     

Optical analysis of the microstructure of a Mo back contact for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells and its effects on Mo film properties and Na diffusivity

The microstructures of molybdenum (Mo) thin films deposited at pressures from 3.3 to 10.3 mTorr were characterized, and the relationships between these microstructures and the properties of the films (residual stress and electrical resistivity) were investigated. In the low deposition pressure regime (region I, below 7 m Torr), the residual stress in the tensile direction increases with increasing pressure and the electrical resistivity increases gradually, but at high deposition pressures (region II, above 7 m Torr) the residual stress is reduced and the resistivity increases more steeply. These variations of the properties of the Mo films in the low pressure regime are due to the variation in grain size; the carrier mobility decreases due to increased grain boundary (GB) scattering and the tensile stress increases due to increased atomic attraction across the GBs. In contrast, the porosity of the Mo films increases significantly in the high pressure regime, as demonstrated with variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE). Most of these pores are believed to be present along the grain boundaries of the Mo films, so their presence reduces the GB attraction and thus the tensile stress and enhances the carrier scattering. The high porosity of the Mo back contact was shown with secondary ion mass spectroscopy profiling to accelerate the Na diffusion from soda-lime glass into the Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) film.     

容器管座冷装技术研究

通过对管座冷装过程中收缩、回弹等阶段的变化趋势研究,总结出管座安装时轴向尺寸控制的方法以及工艺保障措施。     

一种新型、高效、节能的螺旋管式蒸汽疏水器

总结了蒸汽疏水器的发展现状,介绍了一种新型的螺旋管式蒸汽疏水器.该疏水器具有工作可靠性极高、对负荷与汽压波动适应性较强、高背压下亦能正常工作等特点,充分体现了高效、节能、环保的优势.     

Characteristics of DC magnetron sputtered ternary cobalt-nickel silicide thin films for ultra shallow junction devices

Ternary cobalt-nickel silicide thin films were synthesized by DC magnetron sputtering from an equiatomic cobalt-nickel alloy target. Grazing incidence XRD, Rutherford back scattering, high-resolution cross-sectional TEM analysis and electrical study were carried out to investigate the formation of silicide, stoichiometry, film thickness, depth profile and sheet resistance of as-deposited and post-deposition annealed films. The ternary silicide layer thickness was calculated from RBS simulated data, which was found to vary 20-43 nm for as-deposited and different vacuum annealed films. A minimum value of sheet resistance 2.73 Ω/sq corresponding to a resistivity of ∼8.4 μΩ-cm was obtained for optimized deposition and annealing conditions.     

精细控压多级并联节流管汇系统研究

现代精细控压钻井中,由于节流阀的压力调节特性与节流阀开度之间存在较强的非线性关系,现有的节流管汇很难通过单个节流阀实现全开度范围内的精确调节。为了能使普通节流阀满足回压控制精度的要求,提出了利用并联节流管汇实现回压精细控制的思路,并对并联管路的流动特性进行了研究,模拟了四支路并联节流管汇精确控制井口回压的工作过程,分析了并联节流管汇的压力调节特性。与传统节流管汇相比,并联节流管汇具有压力调节特性曲线线性度良好、调节区间大、调节精度高、对节流阀精度要求低、使用寿命长等优点,能获得显著的经济效益,具有较大的工程应用价值,为进一步研究精细控压钻井及其地面控制系统提供了一定的技术参考。      

基于Fisher判别分析法的岩溶塌陷预测

为了更准确地预测岩溶塌陷,基于Fisher判别分析法,首先选择内聚力、内摩擦角、覆盖层厚度、覆盖层厚度减高水位埋深、覆盖层厚度减低水位埋深5个最主要的影响因素作为判别因子; 接着以桂林市20组岩溶塌陷案例为学习样本进行计算,建立相应的Fisher线性判别函数; 然后利用回代估计法对上述20组样本的预测结果进行逐一检验,其正确率为100%; 随后将上述预测结果与前人运用逐步判别、神经网络判别等方法得到的结果进行比较分析,认为Fisher判别分析法具有不需进行模型和参数的选择以及不受人为因素的影响等优点; 最后将建立的Fisher线性判别函数用于另外的10组实际案例进行预测分析,预测结果与实际情况完全吻合。结果表明:用Fisher判别分析法进行岩溶塌陷预测,简易方便,正确率高,实用性好; 该方法是岩溶塌陷预测的一种新方法。     

基于BP神经网络的城市土地集约利用评价——以湖北省鄂州为例

传统土地集约利用评价方法受人的主观因素影响较大,评价结果不够准确。采用人工神经网络进行土地集约利用评价,可简化评价过程,避免主观影响。本文建立城市土地集约利用评价的BP神经网络模型,并以湖北省鄂州为例,进行城市土地利用集约评价,网络输出结果显示:鄂州城市土地利用处于中等集约水平。该评价结果与鄂州城市土地利用实际情况相一致。     

汽车座椅骨架塑性极限分析方法

研究了在静态载荷下,汽车座椅骨架靠背的塑性极限载荷的经验公式。首先基于材料刚塑性理论,得到靠背简化模型的塑性极限载荷理论公式,以此为依据确定影响结构性能的主要因素。其次,以靠背结构的主要因素进行正交实验设计,并按实验设计结果进行实际模型的有限元数值模拟实验。最后,结合塑性理论分析结果和有限元模拟实验结果,得出汽车座椅靠背的塑性极限载荷的经验公式。实例计算表明,提出的建立塑性极限载荷经验公式的方法是有效的,经验公式的预测值与实验值的相对误差小于5%。提出的方法在新产品方案设计的初级阶段可快速判断设计方案是否满足要求,从而大幅度提高产品的设计效率。