一般通风用空气过滤器常用检测标准对比研究

对一般通风用空气过滤器性能检测常用的三大标准(ANSI/ASHRAE standard52.2、EN 779和GB/T 14295)分别进行了全面的介绍,并通过比较分析揭示了各个标准的优缺点,对空气过滤器性能检测试验台的建设和使用有很好的指导作用。     

Sensory pollution from bag-type fiberglass ventilation filters: Conventional filter compared with filters containing various amounts of activated carbon

As ventilation filters accumulate particles removed from the airstream, they become emitters of sensory pollutants that degrade indoor air quality. Previously we demonstrated that an F7 bag-type filter that incorporates activated carbon (a “combination filter”) reduces this adverse effect compared to an equivalent filter without carbon. The aim of the present study was to examine how the amount of activated carbon (AC) used in combination filters affects their ability to remove both sensory offending pollutants and ozone. A panel evaluated the air downstream of four different filters after each had continuously filtered outdoor suburban air over a period of 6 months. Interim assessments (mid-term evaluation) were performed after 3 months. During both assessments, four unused filters, identical in type to the loaded filters, were also evaluated. The evaluated filters included a conventional F7 fiberglass filter and three modifications of a bag-type fiberglass combination filter: the “Heavy” corresponded to a commercially available filter containing 400 g of carbon per square meter of filter area, the “Medium” contained half as much carbon (200 g/m²), and the “Light” contained a quarter as much carbon (100 g/m²). Each filter was weighed at the beginning of the soiling period and after 3 and 6 months of service. Additionally, up- and down-stream ozone concentrations and filter pressure drops were measured monthly. Following 6 months of service, the air downstream of each of the combination filters was judged to be significantly better than the air downstream of the 6-month-old F7 filter, and was comparable to that from an unused F7 filter. Additionally, the combination filters removed more ozone from the air than the F7 filter, with their respective fractional removal efficiencies roughly scaling with their carbon content.     

基于柔性形态滤波和支持矢量机的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

针对滚动轴承故障振动信号的强噪声背景以及现实中不易获取大量典型故障样本的特点,提出一种基于柔性形态滤波和支持矢量机(Support vector machine, SVM)的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。柔性形态滤波既可以有效地提取出信号的边缘轮廓和信号的形状特征,同时又具有稳健性;SVM具有良好的分类性能,特别在小样本、非线性及高维特征空间中具有较好的推广能力;SVM分类器的惩罚因子和核函数参数采用经典粒子群优化算法进行优化,避免传统方法对初始点和样本的依赖。首先对振动信号进行柔性形态滤波,然后提取滤波后信号的故障特征频率的归一化能量为特征矢量作为SVM分类器的输入参数,用于区分滚动轴承的外圈、内圈和滚动体故障,SVM分类器的参数采用标准粒子群优化算法进行优化。试验结果表明了方法的有效性。     

一种分散性粘土裂缝自愈与反滤保护试验

 通过对新疆某水库分散性粘土心墙在反滤保护下的裂缝自愈进行了较为系统的试验研究,结果表明,用分散性粘土填筑心墙,不需要对土料进行改性处理,如在渗流出口设置可靠的反滤层,即使心墙产生贯通性裂缝,在渗流作用下裂缝也会自愈。     

电网瞬时频率的一种跟踪算法

基于双正交数字滤波器与加权平滑相位差分法,提出了一种跟踪电网瞬时频率的方法,改进了目前基于双正交数字滤波器的电网频率跟踪方法。针对电力信号的几种模型,详细仿真了跟踪算法的动态特性,指出针对恒频率和变频率电力信号的跟踪误差分别为0.000 1 Hz和0.005 Hz,并具体分析了影响跟踪误差和滞后效应的因素。研究表明,该方法不受同步采样限制,可较为准确、实时地跟踪各种电力信号的瞬时频率,其性能指标优于同类文献中的跟踪算法。     

Efficient implementation of 3D filter for moving object extraction

In this paper the design and implementation of Multi-Dimensional (MD) filter, particularly 3-Dimensional (3D) filter, are presented. Digital (discrete domain) filters applied to image and video signal processing using the novel 3D multirate algorithms for efficient implementation of moving object extraction are engineered with an example. The multirate (decimation and/or interpolation) signal processing algorithms can achieve significant savings in computation and memory usage. The proposed algorithm uses the mapping relations of z-transfer functions between non-multirate and multirate mathematical expressions in terms of time-varying coefficient instead of traditional polyphase de- composition counterparts. The mapping properties can be readily used to efficiently analyze and synthesize MD multirate filters.     

基于MAX262的可程控多频点带通滤波器的设计

基于可编程开关电容有源滤波器MAX262可通过改变外部时钟频率以及采用微处理器接口控制64级中心频率这一特性,给出了一种滤波器设计新方法,采用一个时钟频率,实现了多频点的带通滤波,WAVE仿真结果达到了设计的要求。     

基于遗传算法的超分辨多元环形滤光片设计

本文研究利用光学超分辨技术提高光盘存储密度.给出了一种可以达到衍射超分辨力的多元环形滤光片的设计结果.介绍了该多元环形滤光片的理论设计方法.之后用遗传算法设计了多组多元环形滤光片的结构参数,模拟结果显示设计的环形滤光片能使横向的半峰全宽半径值减小30%,达到提高信息存储密度的目的.另一方面该环形滤光片能使焦深不变或变长,减小了在记录过程中因为光盘的微小波动而引起的记录信息的错误率.     

Low-power class-AB 4th-order low-pass filter based on current conveyors with dynamic mismatch compensation of biasing errors

A 4^th-order Butterworth class-AB current-mode low-pass filter is proposed, based on second-generation Current Conveyors (CCII). Class-AB operation allows high-power efficiency and driving large loads with small quiescent currents. The CCII topology uses the class-AB output buffer with error amplifiers: this topology is known to be sensitive to mismatch errors, which cause offsets in the error amplifiers, affecting the biasing current of the stage. This problem is solved via a control loop, which compensates the effect of mismatches. The technique is shown to be effective in Monte Carlo simulations with process variations and mismatches. Simulations have been carried out in 40 nm CMOS technology. The proposed filter achieves good power efficiency, thanks to the class-AB architecture, and good dynamic range, thanks to the closed-loop output buffer. A cut-off frequency of 6 MHz, with 184 μW of total quiescent power consumption, is achieved, with a THD of -55 dB and a SNR of 49 dB.