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81.
Rajib Kumar Bhattacharjya 《Sadhana》2004,29(5):499-508
A nonlinear optimization model is developed to transmute a unit hydrograph into a probability distribution function (PDF).
The objective function is to minimize the sum of the square of the deviation between predicted and actual direct runoff hydrograph
of a watershed. The predicted runoff hydrograph is estimated by using a PDF. In a unit hydrograph, the depth of rainfall excess
must be unity and the ordinates must be positive. Incorporation of a PDF ensures that the depth of rainfall excess for the
unit hydrograph is unity, and the ordinates are also positive. Unit hydrograph ordinates are in terms of intensity of rainfall
excess on a discharge per unit catchment area basis, the unit area thus representing the unit rainfall excess. The proposed
method does not have any constraint. The nonlinear optimization formulation is solved using binary-coded genetic algorithms.
The number of variables to be estimated by optimization is the same as the number of probability distribution parameters;
gamma and log-normal probability distributions are used. The existing nonlinear programming model for obtaining optimal unit
hydrograph has also been solved using genetic algorithms, where the constrained nonlinear optimization problem is converted
to an unconstrained problem using penalty parameter approach. The results obtained are compared with those obtained by the
earlier LP model and are fairly similar. 相似文献
82.
以碱性喷补料的损毁机理为根据,讨论了该类型喷补料的颗粒分布和结合理论,根据操作条件提出优化方案选取相应的产品,从而获得较好的使用效果。 相似文献
83.
Velocity Distribution in the Roughness Layer of Rough-Bed Flows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Vladimir Nikora Katinka Koll Ian McEwan Stephen McLean Andreas Dittrich 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,130(10):1036-1042
Several models for the vertical distribution of the double-averaged (in time and in the plane parallel to the mean bed) longitudinal velocity in the flow region between roughness troughs and roughness tops are suggested. We found that the same model for velocity distribution may be applicable to a range of flow conditions and roughness types, which share some common features. The suggested models for velocity distribution in the near-bed region are: (1) Constant velocity; (2) exponential velocity distribution; and (3) linear velocity distribution. The measured velocity distributions may be approximated by a single model or by a combination of models depending on roughness geometry and flow conditions. The validity of these models for velocity distribution is supported by laboratory data. 相似文献
84.
The Raman and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy of lanthanum-doped SrBi4Ti4O15 (SBLT -x, x =0.00, 0. 05, 0. 10, 0. 25, 0.50, 0. 75 and 1.00) ferroelectric ceramics were investigated to explore the La substitution site and the influence of La-doping on the oxygen vacancy concentration. The results suggest that La3 ions behave pronounced site selectivity for the A site in the case of x ≤ 0.10, and they are incorporated into Bi2O2 layers at higher content. The oxygen vacancy concentration declines with La-doping, and the decrease seems saturated as La content is higher than 0.10. 相似文献
85.
包建华 《安徽建筑工业学院学报》2001,9(1):58-60
本文对笔者曾撰文〔1〕推出的 Poisson分布高阶矩的几个定理作进一步的研究 ,给出几个推论。 相似文献
86.
87.
In this paper, 5 investigations on the current states of power distribution grids in China have been introduced that cover the surveys of the practical distribution asset utilization, the simultaneity factor of feeder loading, the load compositions and characteristics, the urban reliability and the integration of distributed generations of renewable resources. Based on the survey results in the investigations, 12 Facts are clearly presented. It shows that the challenges to modernize the distribution grids in China are to improve the asset utilization rates, the electricity efficiencies and the reliability of distribution systems, as well as to integrate increasing amount of variable distributed renewable resources. Furthermore based on the challenges, 8 R&D opportunities have been identified. 相似文献
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90.
在现实的经济系统中,由于社会经济活动的复杂性、多变性和随机性,用确定性变量来描述多变但又有一定规律性的社会经济现象是不符合实际的,为此,运用随机变量的分布理论研究随机投入产出模型具有现实意义。以直接消耗系数和最终需求为正态型随机变量的前提,研究了随机投入产出模型的某一类问题,并最终导出了各部门随机投入产出模型中产出量所满足的方程。 相似文献